Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset - EY
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Foreword The consumer product and retail (CPR) industry in the Reinvent the business model Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is on the cusp of a new era of growth, and EY teams have identified seven drivers • Stakeholder ecosystem: collaborate to compete better of change that need to be considered when evaluating • C hannels: omni-accessibility is the key to consumer approaches to disruptive market forces that can potentially loyalty put you ahead of the competition. • R egulation: know the regulatory boundaries to seize The economic recovery that began in 2018 looks set to opportunities continue, and with it, the demand for consumer goods. The big question for CPR companies is how they take advantage of the upturn. If they continue to make incremental Technology at speed improvements, they risk falling behind. They must, instead, • Consumer engagement: embrace personalization seize the opportunity and make bolder decisions to invest in and stay agile technology that enables data-backed insights, and embrace • Data: unearth, refine and deploy the new oil digital capabilities as much as possible across the value chain. This will not only improve decision-making but also enable them to stay agile and anticipate changes in the Humans at the center market, keeping in step with the ever-demanding consumer. • People: treasure, train and trust your Above all, the new era demands a transformative mindset most important asset that not only questions long-standing business models but • Trust: proactively manage risks to embrace disruption also encourages empowerment across the hierarchy in CPR companies, so that the risks and opportunities are acted EY teams endeavor to help companies explore, identify upon with equal measure. Consumers are demanding a more and implement the right balance of bold strategic personalized shopping experience and have the technology choices. We do this by asking better questions to to make better-informed and individualized decisions about reveal better responses to disruptive market change what they buy, where they shop and when. It is time for CPR and innovative strategies that help put you ahead of companies to respond to this imperative and create a future the competition. The findings of this abridged report that will strengthen and build new sources of competitive combine market-sizing estimates and interviews with advantage. senior executives at 12 CPR companies in the region. Developing an omni-channel model requires every aspect of A more in-depth report incorporating the results of a the business to be ready to satisfy the consumer. This means survey of 1,129 consumers in 20 cities covering three reducing any friction when producing, sourcing, purchasing countries is available from the EY organisation. or delivering, especially if third parties are involved. This report identifies the drivers of change and examines responses to the disruptive market forces that can put you ahead of the competition. Ahmed Reda Ravi Kapoor EY MENA Consumer Leader EY MENA Consumer Advisory Leader Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset 3
The region’s consumer markets are poised to grow faster Our market size estimates predict that the combined consumer new fees and taxes, have also lowered discretionary spending; and market of Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Egypt, which totaled there have been reforms to subsidies. US$197b in 2018, will grow by 21% to US$238b by 2021.¹ Looking at current trends, however, 2019–20 could be a turning The MENA region has come through challenging economic times. point. The new economic EY estimates put the combined annual Sluggish growth had depressed consumer spending; shifts in labor spending of Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Egypt at US$197b in 2018. markets, such as fewer employment benefits and the imposition of CPR market size (2018) 99.7 97.0 48.0 42.2 40.7 33.2 23.6 10.4 2.6 Saudi Arabia Egypt UAE CPR market (US$b) Population (m) GDP per capita (US$k) Source: World Economic Outlook, April 2019: Growth Slowdown, Precarious Recovery, IMF; EY analysis. ¹ The estimates of the CPR market size are based on analysis of household spending data collected and extrapolated by Fitch Solutions. EY analysis by spending item suggests that the share of household spending allocated to the CPR sector ranges from about 30% in the UAE to 50% in Egypt, the difference being due to high spending on basic items in Egypt. 4 Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset
CPR spending 2018 (US$b, % of country total) Food and groceries UAE 60% 7% 26% 7% Consumer durables Apparel Egypt 69% 9% 10% 12% Other Saudi 60% 22% 12% 6% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Source: BMI household spending estimates; EY analysis. Given the potential for an economic lift, the collective size of these • Egypt will grow more rapidly, by around 14% a year, as it recovers three countries suggests ample scope for expansion in the industry: from the 2016–17 contraction, not surpassing its 2015 peak until 2021, when we forecast it will be worth around US$70b. • According to our forecast, the CPR market will grow by around 6% a year in the period 2019–21, reaching US$50b in the UAE and US$118b in Saudi Arabia. CPR market (US$b) CPR market (% GDP) 22% 20% 120 118 19.2% 18% 100 16% 80 70 14% 60 12.9% 12% 40 50 10% 20 8% 9.8% 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Egypt Saudi Arabia UAE Egypt Saudi Arabia UAE Source: BMI household spending historic data, estimates and forecasts; IMF GDP; EY analysis. Based on this encouraging forecast, CPR companies are faced with an opportunity to grow and transform themselves. What will they need to do to make the most of this moment? Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset 5
The levers of competitive advantage are changing Historical mindset Scope Scale Sustainable Transformative competitive advantage mindset Stakeholder ecosystem Channels Reinvent the business model Regulation Technology Humans at at speed the center Consumer engagement People Data Trust Dynamic competitive advantage 6 Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset
Reinvent the business model The levers of competitive advantage Stakeholder Channels Regulation ecosystem Collaborate to compete better Omni-accessibility is the key to Know the regulatory boundaries to consumer loyalty seize opportunities Creating a successful competitive advantage depends on understanding To strengthen loyalty, companies must Government rules offer CPR which parts of an organization’s value design their business to be accessible companies a host of opportunities if chain can be strengthened through to consumers at all times and across the regulations are clear and designed collaboration. To achieve this, CPR all channels. to provide a framework in which companies must work with their companies can grow. stakeholders, especially suppliers, to build an ecosystem that is responsive to the rapidly evolving imperatives for the business. Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset 7
and Riyadh. Today, however, they recognize the need to seek out Stakeholder ecosystem smaller cities and rural areas in search of new consumers, despite obstacles such as deficient infrastructure, a lack of residential and Collaborate to compete better commercial address systems, and higher transport costs. Developing a successful stakeholder ecosystem requires not only The third-party logistics market is expected to grow in line with the an understanding of which parts of your organization’s value chain CPR sector, owing to the rise in sub-contracting of logistic activities are ready for collaboration but also work with stakeholders to by brand owners as they focus more on their core business. build an ecosystem that is responsive to the needs of consumers. Logistics providers typically offer services that include packaging, Retailers must closely collaborate with suppliers and consumer inventory, warehousing and last-mile delivery. products companies to ensure they meet consumers’ needs and to Furthermore, brands are working with emerging content creators anticipate changes in the market. who are also social media influencers that endorse products, In a time of disruptive innovation, companies will rely more and an increasingly important new dimension in the advertising more on ecosystems in which stakeholders bring different skills ecosystem. These marketing innovations are only valuable if and marketing attributes to the creation of value. Companies they have a favorable impact on consumers. But one thing is will form partnerships for this purpose with a broader range of clear: working across the ecosystem while scaling up creates stakeholders, such as start-ups, accelerators, venture capital firms, the conditions for disruptive innovation. Companies should take academic researchers, Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) advantage of the “network effects” of the new ecosystems by and other companies. For this to be successful, business leaders leveraging partnerships with stakeholders to deliver new value must take a strongly collaborative approach to research, ideation, propositions and business models. design and product development. Open innovation, involving close participation among stakeholders, is the order of the day. Mindsets need to be aligned across organizational boundaries through the creation of a synergistic ecosystem — and, as the complexity increases, there needs to be a culture shift in which transparency is embraced. This means an intensive degree of Questions change management, in which stakeholders must overcome their fear of disruption if they are to stay ahead of the competition. Do you know which capabilities must be kept Achieving a dramatically higher level of agility requires companies in-house, what should be outsourced and to take a more human-centric approach that emphasizes simplicity, where, and with whom you should partner to enablement, inclusion and intuition among the stakeholders in create competitive advantage? the ecosystem, while outsourcing or automating repetitive and Can the competitors of today become the complex tasks. Everybody involved in this collaboration has a collaborators of tomorrow? chance to benefit. How will you balance a long-term view with the Many retailers in the MENA region are struggling to pull together shorter-term strategies often prioritized by a rich store of consumer data. Sector leaders are turning to your stakeholders? partnerships with telecommunications and financial service companies to fill this gap, as well as investing in technology. In a survey of senior executives, 53% in MENA say that artificial intelligence (AI) and robotic process automation (RPA) are the most prominent technologies on their boardroom agenda, compared with 46% worldwide.² The development of such an ecosystem begins with a vision of the future and works backward to drive strategic choices in real time. To achieve long-term business objectives, companies will have to reinvent their business models, which entails redefining the ecosystem based on digital transformation. This can only be achieved if the company has a flexible, future-oriented mindset and culture. It must identify and change the ecosystem dynamics and reposition its place accordingly. Geographic expansion requires stakeholders to cooperate closely with each other. Many CPR brands have previously focused their attention on cities, from the high-income, global-shopper markets of Abu Dhabi and Dubai to the densely populated cities of Cairo 2 Source: Global Capital Confidence Barometer, EY, 2018; The power of intelligent automation: making customer interaction smarter in the GCC, EY, 2018. 8 Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset
Channels Omni-accessibility is the key to consumer loyalty Consumers are constantly shifting the focus of their attention both online and offline, so CPR companies need to stay at the center of their universe with an effective and dynamic omni-channel strategy. They must take a highly intuitive and proactive approach, providing consumers with moments of truth when they can interact with companies’ platforms, both online and offline. Increasingly, the industry’s focus will shift to tremendous e-commerce opportunities, given the fact that the MENA region's online sales, as a percentage of GDP, lag far behind those of developed economies. E-commerce accounted for 0.9% of GDP in Saudi Arabia³ in 2018 and 0.4% of GDP in the UAE4 in 2015, compared with 3.5% in the UK, 2.3% in Singapore and 1.9% in the US.5 Some companies expect a rapid growth of online transactions as the region catches up with more developed consumer markets. An early indication of this is Amazon's acquisition of ecommerce site souq.com in 2017, heralding the emergence of several new online players in the market. UAE start-up Namshi, for instance, has created a fashion marketplace across the Gulf, as has Sprii, founded in Dubai to sell baby items, toys and household goods. Meanwhile, leading brands in the apparel category, including Zara and Gap, have recently launched online services in the region. Furthermore, Dubai-based fresh food retailer Kibsons has grown exponentially since launching home deliveries last year and Boutiqaat, a women-only ecommerce platform based in Kuwait, has made a significant impact on consumers through an active marketing campaign on social media and elsewhere. The changes are a clear sign that the CPR industry faces disruption and needs to seize the opportunity to expand quickly in e-commerce and to develop a proactive omni-channel strategy. Questions This requires a multidimensional approach, from a more responsive supply chain strategy to a carefully integrated combination of Is your growth paradigm still constrained by online and offline sales. Brick-and-mortar operations will continue your physical go-to-market channels? to be a vital component of the CPR market, but companies will Is your business model ready to serve increasingly assume that consumers will do their research online consumers anywhere, anytime with your full before they go out to shop. A major challenge is to prevent conflict portfolio of products? among e-commerce channels, as some companies have decided to establish their own rather than form alliances with other platforms. Will personalization and smart pricing deliver price transparency or opacity to consumers? Consumers in the MENA region are unlikely to shift all their spending to online activities but, instead, will use it for specific purposes. 3 " Saudi Arabia eCommerce Insights: 19.28 Million Online Shoppers By 2020," eshopworld website, https://www.eshopworld.com/blog/saudi-arabia-ecommerce- insights-2018/, accessed 10 January 2018. 4 "United Arab Emirates Commercial Guide," International Trade Administration website, https://www.trade.gov/knowledge-product/united-arab-emirates-ecommerce, accessed 13 October 2019. 5 https://gulfnews.com/business/retail/gcc-ecommerce-market-to-reach-20b-by-2020-at-kearney-1.1887936, accessed 30 August 2016. Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset 9
of Saudi nationals in the private sector.6 Among the aims of the Regulation policy is the creation of one million jobs for Saudi nationals in the retail industry by 2030; this can only be achieved by building Know the regulatory boundaries to seize ecosystems that help to nurture homegrown skills in collaboration with key partners. Companies that develop strong relationships opportunities with leading universities in the region will be in a good position to CPR companies need to understand and anticipate the regulatory comply with localization regulations. landscape of the region, not only to ensure compliance but also to take advantage of the opportunities that emerge as a result of new or changed regulations. Governments have a key role to play in ensuring that regulations help foster the development of the consumer industry and minimize the risk of harm to the Questions public by the actions of some companies. The Government of Does your organization take a structured Saudi Arabia, for example, changed an important regulation when approach to assessing the impact of women were granted the right to drive motor vehicles in 2018, regulatory changes in your industry? opening up opportunities for companies to sell more automotive products. Greater mobility of the population will create business How robust is your internal mechanism to opportunities for CPR companies, such as roadside services and respond to external stimuli and constraints in digital mapping. a timely fashion? The UAE passed a product safety law in July 2019 that calls for Is your compliance process fully aligned with suppliers to ensure that their products comply with applicable the operating model and vice versa? standards issued by the Emirates Authority for Standardization & Metrology. The move brings the UAE more in line with policies and practices in Europe and the US, and may therefore present challenges for CPR companies with international operations. Other companies may need time to raise their product-safety standards but, in the end, the regulations are likely to enhance the trust of consumers in the CPR industry, which will ultimately benefit both producers and consumers. The Saudi Food & Drug Authority is currently setting new priorities for localized product manufacturing. This too will create new opportunities for domestic producers to cater to consumers. The Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority is furthering the goals of Vision 2030 by allowing fully foreign-owned entities to obtain licenses to invest in the country. As foreign CPR companies take advantage of this liberalization, standards of product quality are likely to rise, and there will be downward pressure on prices. Proactive, agile companies will regard this trend as an opportunity to improve efficiency and increase profits. These regulatory enhancements need to be seen within the context of a challenging microeconomic policy environment in which companies must navigate complex business rules and bureaucratic structures. Ideally, a straightforward business environment with minimal bureaucracy can encourage a highly competitive industry to focus on product development and consumer service, and allow investments to be made without fear of fiscal changes. Governments in the region recognize this imperative and are undertaking reforms to improve the regulatory climate for business in ways that can assist CPR companies. Another very important area of regulation concerns long-standing policies to localize jobs and reduce unemployment while lowering labor costs. Some countries in the MENA region have redoubled their efforts to reach these objectives: for example, in Saudi Arabia, the Government's Vision 2030 prioritizes the employment 6 "Working Toward Vision 2030: Key Employment Considerations in Saudi Arabia,” SHRM website, https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/legal-and-compliance/ employment-law/pages/global-vision-2030-saudi-arabia.aspx, accessed 20 April 2018. 10 Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset
Technology at speed The levers of competitive advantage Consumer Data engagement Embrace personalization and Unearth, refine and deploy stay agile the new oil CPR companies must embrace Information must be unearthed, personalization and stay agile if they refined and deployed if companies are to hold the attention of their are to compete. Companies must increasingly demanding consumers. therefore develop the ability to capture data and generate actionable insights that will give them an edge over their rivals. Consumer engagement Embrace personalization and stay agile Thanks to the new advanced analytics technologies available, Today’s consumer is more informed and empowered than ever retailers and brands can stay one step ahead of the consumer, by before, demanding more personalized attention and better service. anticipating what consumers will want next and planning to provide It is up to CPR companies to meet the challenge by delivering a a cost-efficient level of personal service that is the best in its class. more nuanced, individualized shopping experience. Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset 11
Brands are working harder to engage consumers by developing more relevant, tailored product ranges and enhancing their services to reflect the changing demographics of the region. With the help of applications such as Google Analytics, companies can Questions track consumers’ online shopping experience, as well as their How well do you map your existing consumers’ interactions with Flash video and networking sites. CPR companies interaction with your categories of play? can create a personalized profile of the consumer to tailor their How responsive is your innovation process to offerings, enhance brand loyalty and reduce value-seeking enable you to anticipate and fulfil consumers’ behavior. evolving needs? Consumers are now more careful before embarking on Are you investing the optimal amount in expenditure, creating an opportunity for companies to provide technologies that will help your organization relevant information about their products and services. This is make faster, better decisions about how to helping to reshape the structure of the industry, as well as placing anticipate individual consumer impulses? the onus on companies to differentiate themselves. However, high levels of personalization require large investments in technology, making it difficult for new entrants to break into the market. Data Unearth, refine and deploy the new oil Data is a key resource for every company, and successful analytics and cloud-based platforms can all help optimize companies must harness it effectively, driven by the aim of inventory maintenance, allowing in-store pick-ups and same-day developing crucial business insights that will create a competitive delivery, on which the shift to omni-channel offerings depends.7 edge. For the consumer segment, advanced technologies and The challenge for companies is aligning their data-gathering methodologies such as machine learning, deep learning and AI will policies with emerging regulatory frameworks designed to protect deliver insights into every step of the value chain, from product the privacy of consumer information. CPR brands must also find design and consumer interactions to logistics management and mutually advantageous ways to share data across the supply back-office functions. chain, but this involves building trust among stakeholders in the The MENA region's CPR companies have a long way to go to ecosystem. Collecting rich, collaborative and privacy-protected overcome significant data shortages, even on basic consumer data will be crucial if companies are to reap the benefits of this spending trends. In Europe and the US, providers such as Nielsen precious resource. gather consumer intelligence, drawing from point-of-sale data and viewership statistics, but data for the MENA region is often more limited. Companies must therefore develop the ability to capture data in ways that are usable, seizing every opportunity to gather Questions information from new sources that may give them a competitive Which technologies can help you create a edge. Start-ups can leapfrog incumbents by building data analytics 360-degree view of your consumers’ buying into their business models from the very beginning. behavior and influences? Brick-and-mortar companies, however, are not standing back; How are you harnessing the power of data and instead, they are advancing their own data analytics agenda to technology? beat off competitors, with some using the latest technology to deepen consumer intelligence, including QR codes on receipts. Does your data strategy help you to increase performance while protecting against outside Companies are also crunching datasets at store, consumer and risks? product levels to see what is resonating with consumers, then feeding this information back into the manufacturing and sales cycle to develop predictive models of consumer trends. Other approaches can be garnered through loyalty card data mining and the use of predictive analytics tools, which can be fed into product and service plans to cover consumer needs. Data lakes, advanced 7 ttps://www.arabianbusiness.com/technology/417996-ai-can-help-gulf-retailers-usher-in-new-era-of-brand-loyalty-through-personalised-customer-experiences, h accessed 26 May 2019. 12 Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset
Humans at the center The levers of competitive advantage People Trust Proactively manage risks to embrace Treasure, train and trust your most disruption important asset To deliver value, CPR companies must CPR companies must focus on recruiting focus on building in trust by design to the best skills and developing the know-how understand the risk portfolio and capitalize of workers so that they can flourish in an on disruptive forces. innovative and productive environment. People Treasure, train and trust your most important asset judgment and enabling the organization to allocate more money to In the contest to attract and retain talent, CPR companies must hire skilled people. focus on recruiting the best skills and developing the know- how of workers so that they can flourish in an innovative and E-commerce players, including Amazon and Alibaba, are productive environment. Ironically, automation is an important investing in everything from robotic packaging to drone delivery. driver of talent acquisition and retention. RPA, when successfully Automation can help companies increase output and productivity implemented, reduces the amount of resources devoted to routine without expanding the headcount, an important consideration tasks, freeing existing staff to engage in activities needing human given tough economic conditions and labor market rigidities in Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset 13
some key countries. The push by Gulf countries to indigenize their the low levels of investment, and hence protection from cyber workforces is another factor driving automation and a focus on attacks. Companies must embed and integrate cybersecurity into hiring skilled, local workers. any digital strategy, generally through leveraged or outsourcing models to keep costs low with the optimal level of protection afforded. There have been too many CPR companies that Questions overlooked this aspect and suffered irreversible brand damage, How will you future-proof your talent pool to consumer data privacy breaches, major outages, significant be agile enough for exponential change? fines by regulators, direct financial loss or fraud, or destruction of their digital footprint. Getting the right advice and support is Have you assessed your long-term HR needs key and, once architected into the digital strategy, it is a low-cost and developed a strategy to meet your investment compared with a cyber incident. objectives over the next five years? Risks arising from outside the organization can either help or Have you put the consumer at the center of harm the enterprise, and include the actions of existing and focus in your training programs? emerging competitors. Their ventures may lead the way to new sources of revenue or expose pitfalls to avoid. Geopolitical and economic megatrends in the MENA region and beyond may seem daunting, but they pose both risks to avoid and opportunities to capture. Similarly, demographic and environmental trends can Trust become obstacles or launchpads. The latest digital technologies are proving effective in enhancing Proactively manage risks to embrace capabilities in risk intelligence. To thrive in the Transformative Age, companies need to embrace disruption and build in trust by disruption design across their value chain and ecosystem (e.g., strive to build CPR companies need to shift their focus from simply a transparent supply chain and third-party dealings). The days of mitigating risk to embracing new opportunities in a time of monitoring and reacting to threats after they occur are gone. Real- market disruption. There is, of course, a risk in venturing into time risk intelligence now enables companies to enhance their unfamiliar territory, whether it be a new product or service, or a strategic decision-making and build more sophisticated models to geographical region. The new strategy may end up losing money. help predict the future. However, there is also a risk in doing nothing and missing out on On the upside, there is the potential for innovations to help expand opportunities that would benefit the company. the consumer base and increase market share. New business Relying on the old, tried and true recipe of products and services opportunities offer the chance for companies to acquire, manage is likely to lead to an erosion of market share, as tastes and and derive value from new assets and pools of talent. On the demographics change. Consumers can begin to lose trust in a downside, companies must continue to work to mitigate risks by brand that doesn’t move with the times. anticipating where the next threat might come from. Many CPR companies in the MENA region have been burdened by Companies embedding risk in product and service design and high employee costs. They did not expect the economic downturn ecosystem partners will be able to accelerate speed to market, to last so long and, therefore, did not proactively reshape their and manage increasing regulatory and compliance requirements business model to manage the risk of a protracted period of slow proactively while sustaining trust to gain a competitive edge. growth. Trust is the new currency from which to derive value and consumer loyalty. It is critical if companies are to differentiate Questions the brand from its competitors. As companies take on more and How are you and your partners engaging more personal data (desires, behaviors and preferences) and with the risk function to build trust, drive share it with a complex web of partners, service providers and confidence and transformation within the AI platforms, consumers expect these companies to use tighter organization? measures to protect their data. As a result, a company's ability to embed digital trust by embracing a comprehensive cybersecurity How frequently do you assess third-party risk, strategy becomes key. Where competitors may be struggling to and which parts of your supply chain do you foster trust, being a trusted and secure organization will be a lack information about? market differentiator. Do you have a long-term strategy to ensure Cybersecurity and data privacy are now on the top five board your consumers continue to trust your brand? risks8 for any organization, particularly those in the CPR industry. This is partly due to CPR’s rapid adoption of digital technology that is widening the aperture of the attack surface, but also 8 http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risks_Report_2019.pdf, accessed 15 September 2019. 14 Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset
Conclusion: capitalizing on growth If companies can harness these change agents to pursue their innovative ecosystem. This can only come about with the strategic objectives, they will be able to take full advantage of help of careful technology investments, especially in AI and the opportunities that arise as the consumer market develops. machine learning, so that companies can anticipate changes The task ahead is arduous, entailing a re-examination of in the regulatory environment and make the most of huge the organization’s operating model and an even firmer troves of market data. These changes, however, won’t take understanding of the consumer journey. place unless there is a transformational change in mindset among employees and executives; ultimately, the future of Companies will have to provide consumers with a seamless the company rests on the aptitude and enthusiasm of the omni-channel buying experience and rely more on their workforce, from top to bottom. business partners, including competitors, to create an Contacts Ahmed Reda Ravi Kapoor EY MENA Consumer Leader EY MENA Consumer Advisory Leader ahmed.reda@sa.ey.com ravi.kapoor@ae.ey.com Marie Schwob EY MENA Consumer Director marie.schwob@ae.ey.com Learn how EY teams help CPR professionals Visit ey.com/transformativemindset. thrive in the Transformative Age Consumer products and retail industry: the need for a transformative mindset 15
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