Aircrete Blocks Product Guide - Forterra
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Aircrete Blocks Product Guide
Thermalite blocks are manufactured with scratch marks to identify
the different range of densities in which they are produced.
The products and corresponding scratch marks are shown below.
Turbo: Shield and Trenchblock/ Hi-Strength 7 and Hi-Strength 9: Hi-Strength Paint Grade: Party Wall and Floorblock:
6 scratch marks - page 8 Tongue & Groove: Hi-Strength Trenchblock: 2 scratch marks - page 11 0 scratch marks - page 12 9 scratch marks - pages 13 and 14
4 pairs of scratch marks - 4 scratch marks -
pages 9 and 15 pages 10 and 16
Introduction Contents
Product identification 2
Thermalite aircrete blocks from Forterra offer cost-effective solutions Thermalite benefits 4
for a wide range of applications. The closed micro-cellular structure of Applications 6
Thermalite, featuring millions of tiny pockets of trapped air, gives this Products 8-18
product its distinctive features: high compressive strength, lightness Thin joint masonry 20
for handling, high thermal insulation and moisture resistance. Performance 24
Sound insulation 26
Continual research and development has resulted in a range of building Mortar and finishes 32
blocks that meet the demands of the modern construction industry. Thermal insulation and U-values 34
With up to 80% recycled content, Thermalite blocks are a lightweight, sustainable Sustainability 42
building material that are not only easy to handle, but are extremely workable, and Pack and load data 46
easily cut, sawn and chased accurately with ordinary hand tools. Material safety data 48
CDM Regulations 50
2 All product and technical information contained in this brochure is considered correct at the time of publication. 3
Benefits
Forterra’s aircrete blocks are stocked by Properties Workability Services
a large network of builders merchants
across the UK, ensuring easy availability. High insulation One hand lift Customer service
The extensive product range means that The excellent thermal performance of The light weight of Thermalite blocks ensures Forterra has a reputation for first class
a variety of tried and tested, cost-effective Thermalite aircrete blocks can reduce the that they can be laid more quickly, leading to customer care. Wherever you are, our
solutions can be offered for wall, floor and need for additional insulation materials. significant productivity gains for the builder. dedicated Thermalite team will be able to
below-ground constructions. help you with product information, quotations,
Moisture resistant Easily worked
orders, distribution facilities and stockist
Forterra manufactures its Thermalite Each Thermalite block contains millions of tiny There is no need for special tools because
information.
products to a quality-assured system in pockets of trapped air, preventing the passage Thermalite blocks can be easily sawn, cut,
accordance with EN ISO 9001 and BS EN of water. chased and drilled using ordinary hand tools. Technical service
771-4, ensuring compliance with all relevant Forterra provides a full technical advisory service
Fire resistant Easily fixed to
standards and codes of practice. In addition, staffed by a qualified team with specialist,
All Thermalite products provide excellent fire Generally, no special fixings need to be used
Thermalite products have independent knowledge on the use of Thermalite products.
protection. They are classified as A1, non- with Thermalite products, which provide an
certification from the British Board of Technical advice can be provided on Building
combustible in accordance with BS EN 771-4. ideal background for fixing household fittings
Agrément (BBA). Regulations, including thermal calculations.
using ordinary cut nails, direct screwing or
Frost resistant
All manufacturing locations are certified to screws with plugs. Website
Thermalite blocks offer superior protection
the environmental standard EN IS0 14001. For up-to-date information regarding our
against the effects of frost. Easy to finish
products and services visit our website at:
All Thermalite blocks are certified as Thermalite blocks provide an excellent
Strong forterra.co.uk
‘Very Good’ under BES 6001, Responsible background for the use of internal and
Thermalite products are very strong, as well as
Sourcing of Materials. external finishes, such as plaster, render,
lightweight, and may be used in loadbearing
painting or tiling.
walls for a structurally sound building.
0640
4 5
Applications
The high level of Foundations Cavity walls Partitions
performance achieved • Trenchblock/Tongue & Groove • Shield • Turbo • Hi-Strength • Shield • Party Wall
• Hi-Strength Paint Grade • Hi-Strength Paint Grade
by Thermalite blocks, Trenchblock and Trenchblock Tongue &
Groove have been specifically developed for Shield and Turbo are most often used for the Thermalite blocks are suitable for the
combined with the use in the construction of solid foundation construction of inner leaves in conjunction construction of partition walls above and
extensive product range walls. By combining light weight with a large with a cavity and a brick or block outer leaf. below dpc level. The use of Shield in
offered, ensures that modular size, Trenchblock is a popular choice
As an alternative, Thermalite Hi-Strength 7
single leaf partitions will greatly reduce
with builders. Trenchblock Tongue & Groove sound transmission, and provides an ideal
cost-effective solutions offers the addition of hand holds for even
and Hi-Strength 9 are available for situations
background for fixing shelves, radiators
where loading conditions require 7.3N/mm2
for wall, floor and below easier lifting, along with tongue and groove
and 9.0N/mm2 respectively. Additionally,
and bathroom fittings.
joints which avoid the need for mortar in the
ground constructions can Hi-Strength Paint Grade is available for
perpends. Suitable for below ground level only. Separating walls
be achieved. Thermalite situations in which the builder wishes to
achieve a painted finish. • Party Wall • Shield
products are available for Beam and block floors • Hi-Strength 7 • Hi-Strength 9
Even higher thermal insulation values can
use in all of the following • Floorblock
be achieved by specifying Shield for the Thermalite Party Wall, Shield, Hi-Strength 7
applications: The Thermalite Floorblock system is designed construction of the external leaf of a cavity and Hi-Strength 9 blocks can be used in
for use with all proprietary T-beams. The use wall, which can be either rendered or clad with all types of sound insulating separating walls
of Floorblock in conjunction with Trenchblock systems such as tile hanging or brick slips. between dwellings.
will effectively contribute to meeting the thermal
requirements of the Building Regulations.
Solid walls Detailing
• Shield • Turbo • Hi-Strength • Coursing Brick and Coursing Block
Thermalite Coursing Bricks and Blocks
Solid walls are a tried and tested, fast and
are produced especially for coursing and
efficient way of constructing walls which
bonding-in to enable walls to be constructed
offer higher U-values. Shield and Turbo are
from uniform materials and reduce cold bridging.
produced in thicknesses suitable for solid
wall construction. Alternatively, Hi-Strength
7 or Hi-Strength 9 may be used to meet External Finish
special requirements. Thermalite blocks require a moisture resistant
finish or impervious cladding applied when
used on the external skin of a cavity wall or
solid wall, blocks should not be left fair-faced.
6 7
Turbo Shield
• External Walls • External Walls
• Foundations • Foundations
• Partitions • Partitions
• Separating Walls
Turbo offers very high thermal Shield combines all the normal
insulation properties and is therefore qualities of Thermalite blocks with
ideal for external solid wall applications extremely high moisture resistance.
(min. block thickness of 215mm
required for solid wall**) where low • Available in large format
U-values are required. Key Data • For use with thin layer mortar Key Data
• Available in large format Strength 2.9N/mm2 Strength 3.6N/mm2
• For use with thin layer mortar
• Use only in soils up to Design Thermal conductivity 0.11W/m.K Thermal conductivity 0.15W/m.K
Sulfate Class DS 3* below ground Density 470Kg/m3 Density 600Kg/m3
Thermalite blocks require a moisture resistant finish or impervious cladding applied when Thermalite blocks require a moisture resistant finish or impervious cladding applied when
used on the external skin of a cavity wall or solid wall, blocks should not be left fair-faced. used on the external skin of a cavity wall or solid wall, blocks should not be left fair-faced.
Specifications Specifications
Working dimensions Working dimensions
Face dimensions (mm) 440 x 215 Face dimensions (mm) 440 x 215
Thicknesses and weights Thicknesses and weights
Block thicknesses and weights at equilibrium density (for 440 x 215mm) Block thicknesses and weights at equilibrium density (for 440 x 215mm)
Thickness (mm) 100 140 150† 190† 200† 215 Thickness (mm) 50 75 100 140 150 200 215†
Weight1 3% (kg) 4.6 6.4 6.9 8.7 9.2 9.8 Weight1 3% (kg) 2.9 4.4 5.8 8.2 8.8 11.7 12.6
Weight2 23% (kg) 5.5 7.7 8.2 10.4 10.9 11.8 Weight2 23% (kg) 3.5 5.2 7.0 9.8 10.5 14.0 15.0
Properties Properties
Mean compressive strength not less than 2.9N/mm2 Mean compressive strength not less than 3.6N/mm2
Design thermal conductivity (λ) 0.11W/m.K Design thermal conductivity (λ) 0.15W/m.K
Dry thermal conductivity value: (λ10,dry, unit ) 0.10W/m.K Dry thermal conductivity value: (λ10,dry, unit ) 0.13W/m.K
Specified gross dry density 470kg/m3 Specified gross dry density 600kg/m3
1 Weights based equilibrium moisture content. 1 Weights based equilibrium moisture content.
2 Typical as received weights, the percentage can vary depending on climatic and storage conditions. 2 Typical as received weights, the percentage can vary depending on climatic and storage conditions.
* May be used in situations described in Table 13 of BS 5628: Part 3 A1, A2 but not in situations described in A3 † Manufactured to special order only.
(no longer current but still cited in the Building Regulations). ‡ Only available in 100mm thickness with a compressive strength of 3N/mm2, manufactured to special order only.
† Manufactured to special order only.
** Thermalite Turbo blocks must be a minimum of 215mm thick to accept a traditional sand / cement render coat.
This is to minimise the risk of failure caused by the differences in tensile strength between the finish and background material.
8 9
Hi-Strength 7 Hi-Strength 9
• External Walls • External Walls
• Foundations • Foundations
• Partitions • Partitions
• Separating Walls • Separating walls
Hi-Strength 7 has been specifically Hi-Strength 9 has been specifically
designed for applications such as flats developed for structural applications
of three storeys and above, offices, such as three and four storey buildings
supermarkets and retail parks, where where loading conditions require a
loading conditions require a 7.3N/mm2 higher compressive strength block.
building block. Key Data Hi-Strength 9 blocks are available in
Key Data
• Available in large format Strength 7.3N/mm2 a range of thicknesses as a special Strength 9.0N/mm2 *
• For use with thin layer mortar order item. at Category I manufacture.
Thermal conductivity 0.18W/m.K Equivalent compressive strength
10.4N/mm² Category II block (when
Density 730Kg/m3 calculated in accordance with EC6)
Thermalite blocks require a moisture resistant Thermal conductivity 0.19W/m.K
finish or impervious cladding applied when used
Thermalite blocks require a moisture resistant finish or impervious cladding applied when on the external skin of a cavity wall or solid wall, Density 770Kg/m3
used on the external skin of a cavity wall or solid wall, blocks should not be left fair-faced. blocks should not be left fair-faced.
Specifications Specifications
Working dimensions Working dimensions
Face dimensions (mm) 440 x 215 Face dimensions (mm) 440 x 215
Thicknesses and weights Thicknesses and weights
Block thicknesses and weights at equilibrium density (for 440 x 215mm) Block thicknesses and weights at equilibrium density (for 440 x 215mm)
Thickness (mm) 100 140 150† 190† 200† 215 Thickness (mm) 100† 140† 190† 200† 215 355‡
Weight1 3% (kg) 7.1 10.0 10.7 13.5 14.2 15.3 Weight1 3% (kg) 7.5 10.5 14.3 15.0 16.1 26.6
Weight2 22% (kg) 8.4 11.8 12.6 16.0 16.9 18.1 Weight2 22% (kg) 8.9 12.4 16.9 17.8 19.1 31.5
Properties Properties
Mean compressive strength not less than 7.3N/mm2 Mean compressive strength 9.0N/mm2 *
Design thermal conductivity (λ) 0.18W/m.K Design thermal conductivity (λ) 0.19W/m.K
Dry thermal conductivity value: (λ10,dry, unit ) 0.16W/m.K Design thermal conductivity below ground (λ) 0.31W/m.K
Specified gross dry density 730kg/m3 Dry thermal conductivity value: (λ10,dry, unit ) 0.17W/m.K
Specified gross dry density 770kg/m3
1 Weights based equilibrium moisture content.
2 Typical as received weights, the percentage can vary depending on climatic and storage conditions. 1 Weights based equilibrium moisture content.
† Manufactured to special order only. 2 Typical as received weights, the percentage can vary depending on climatic and storage conditions.
† Manufactured to special order only.
* Blocks are manufactured to BS EN 771-4, Category 1.
‡ Available in tongue and groove only.
10 11
Hi-Strength Party Wall
Paint Grade • Separating Walls
• External Walls
• Inner Leaves of External Walls • Partitions
• Partitions • Foundations
Hi-Strength Paint Grade combines a high Party Wall gives very high levels of
quality appearance with the compressive sound reduction in separating walls
strength of Thermalite Hi-Strength blocks. between buildings.
Note: If required, Hi-Strength Paint Grade can also be
laid fair-faced. However, consideration should be given
•A
vailable in large format
to the fact that colour variation can occur. •F
or use with thin layer mortar
It is recommended that a Hi-Strength Paint Grade Key Data Key Data
sample panel is erected for comparison purposes
before construction commences, and that selection Strength 7.3N/mm2 Strength 4.0N/mm2
is undertaken during construction. It may also be
necessary to fill small blow holes before decoration.
Thermal conductivity 0.18W/m.K Thermal conductivity 0.16W/m.K
Due to thickness variations within manufacturing
tolerances, it may be difficult to build solid partition walls Density 730Kg/m3 Density 660Kg/m3
which have a smooth and even surface on both sides.
Thermalite blocks require a moisture resistant finish or impervious cladding applied when Thermalite blocks require a moisture resistant finish or impervious cladding applied when
used on the external skin of a cavity wall or solid wall, blocks should not be left fair-faced. used on the external skin of a cavity wall or solid wall, blocks should not be left fair-faced.
Specifications Specifications
Working dimensions Working dimensions
Face dimensions (mm) 440 x 215 Face dimensions (mm) 440 x 215
Thicknesses and weights Thicknesses and weights
Block thicknesses and weights at equilibrium density (for 440 x 215mm) Block thicknesses and weights at equilibrium density (for 440 x 215mm)
Thickness (mm) 100† 140† 190† 215† Thickness (mm) 100† 215
Weight1 3% (kg) 7.1 10.0 13.5 15.3 Weight1 3% (kg) 6.4 13.8
Weight2 22% (kg) 8.4 11.8 16.0 18.1 Weight2 23% (kg) 7.7 16.5
Properties Properties
Mean compressive strength not less than 7.3N/mm2 Mean compressive strength not less than 4.0N/mm2
Design thermal conductivity (λ) 0.18W/m.K Design thermal conductivity (λ) 0.16W/m.K
Dry thermal conductivity value: (λ10,dry, unit ) 0.16W/m.K Dry thermal conductivity value: (λ10,dry, unit ) 0.14W/m.K
Specified gross dry density 730kg/m3 Specified gross dry density 660kg/m3
1 Weights based equilibrium moisture content. 1 Weights based equilibrium moisture content.
2 Typical as received weights, the percentage can vary depending on climatic and storage conditions. 2 Typical as received weights, the percentage can vary depending on climatic and storage conditions.
† Manufactured to special order only. † Manufactured to special order only.
12 13
Floorblock Trenchblock /
• Beam & Block Floors Tongue & Groove
• Foundations
Floorblock is an efficient method of Thermalite Trenchblock is a tried and
providing insulated floors. It is light in tested, economical alternative to the
weight and is designed for use with all construction of cavity walls with concrete
proprietary T-beams and can improve the infill, engineering bricks or heavy aggregate
thermal performance of the floor. blocks for foundations.
Note: After the Floorblocks have been positioned, before
Key Data • For use in soils of up to
Key Data
any traffic or loading is allowed and before any floor finish
is commenced, the floor must be grouted with a Strength 4.0N/mm2 Design Sulfate Class DS 4 Strength 3.6N/mm2
1:4 cement/sharp sand composition. • Available with tongue and
Thermal conductivity 0.16W/m.K groove joints and handholds Thermal conductivity
Below ground: 0.24W/m.K
Density 660Kg/m3 • Improves thermal performance
• Eliminates the need to mortar perpends Density 600Kg/m3
• For use below ground level only
Specifications Specifications
Face dimensions (mm) 440 x 215† 440 x 350† 540 x 440*† Working dimensions
Block Thickness 100 100 100 Face dimensions (mm) 440 x 215, 440 x 140*
Weight1 3% (kg) 6.4 10.5 16.2 Thicknesses and weights
Block thicknesses and weights at equilibrium density (for 440 x 215mm)
Weight2 22% (kg) 7.7 12.5 19.3
Thickness (mm) 300‡ 355
Properties
Weight1 3% (kg) 17.5 20.9
Mean compressive strength not less than 4.0N/mm2
Design thermal conductivity (λ) 0.16W/m.K Weight2 22% (kg) 20.8 24.8
Dry thermal conductivity value: (λ10,dry, unit ) 0.14W/m.K Properties
Specified gross dry density 660kg/m3 Mean compressive strength not less than 3.6N/mm2
Design thermal conductivity (λ) 0.15W/m.K (above dpc), 0.24W/m.K (below ground)
Dry thermal conductivity value: (λ10,dry, unit ) 0.13W/m.K
1 Weights based equilibrium moisture content.
Specified gross dry density 600kg/m3
2 Typical as received weights, the percentage can vary depending on climatic and storage conditions.
† Manufactured to special order only.
* Blocks can be laid to correspond with 540mm beam spacing (660Kg/m³ density only).
1 Weights based equilibrium moisture content.
2 Typical as received weights, the percentage can vary depending on climatic and storage conditions.
* Not available with tongue and groove joints
† Manufactured to special order only.
‡ Manufactured to special order only at 140mm high.
14 15
Hi-Strength Trenchblock / Coursing Brick
Tongue & Groove • Bonding
• Coursing
• Foundations
• Infill
• Making up
Thermalite Hi-Strength Trenchblock Coursing Bricks are autoclaved
provides all the benefits of aerated units produced in standard
Trenchblock, together with the brick sizes for use in bonding and
7.3N/mm2 compressive strength of infill to ensure that a uniform thermal
Thermalite Hi-Strength. performance is achieved throughout Key Data
• For use in soils of up to Design
Key Data the wall.
Strength 2.9N/mm2
Sulfate Class DS 4 Strength 7.3N/mm2 • Protect against pattern staining Thermal conductivity
• Available with tongue and groove • Infill above doors and windows Standard: 0.15W/m.K
joints and handholds Thermal conductivity • Coursing at floor and ceiling level
Below ground: 0.29W/m.K
• For use below ground level only • Making up between joists Note: Thermalite Coursing Bricks are suitable
for use externally (with an impervious finish) and
Density 730Kg/m3 internally, above or below dpc level, in loadbearing
or non-loadbearing applications.
Loadbearing walls should not be constructed with
Thermalite Coursing Bricks as the sole masonry unit.
Additionally, standard Coursing Bricks should not
be used in walls where the compressive strength
requirement for the blockwork is in excess of 2.9N/mm2.
Specifications
Working dimensions
Face dimensions (mm) 440 x 215 Specifications
Thicknesses and weights Working dimensions
Block thicknesses and weights at equilibrium density (for 440 x 215mm) Face dimensions (mm) 215 x 65
Thickness (mm) 300 355 Thicknesses and weights
Weight1 3% (kg) 21.3 25.5 Thickness (mm) 100 115† 125† 140 150†
Weight2 23% (kg) 25.3 30.2 Weight1 3% (kg) 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3
Properties Weight2 23% (kg) 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
Mean compressive strength not less than 7.3N/mm2 Properties
Design thermal conductivity (λ) 0.18W/m.K (above dpc), 0.29W/m.K (below ground) Mean compressive strength 2.9N/mm2
Dry thermal conductivity value: (λ10,dry, unit ) 0.16W/m.K Design thermal conductivity (λ) 0.15W/m.K
Specified gross dry density 730kg/m3 Dry thermal conductivity value: (λ10,dry, unit ) 0.13W/m.K
1 Weights based equilibrium moisture content. 1 Weights based equilibrium moisture content.
2 Typical as received weights, the percentage can vary depending on climatic and storage conditions. 2 Typical as received weights, the percentage can vary depending on climatic and storage conditions.
* Not available with tongue and groove joints. † Manufactured to special order only.
† Manufactured to special order only.
16 17
Hi-Strength 7 & 9
Coursing Block
• Bonding • Coursing
• Infill • Making up
Hi-Strength Coursing Blocks are
autoclaved aerated masonry units produced
to a standard brick height while retaining the
length of a standard block. They are used for
bonding and infill to ensure that a uniform Key Data
thermal performance is achieved throughout Strength 7.3N/mm2 , 9.0N/mm2
the wall. The Coursing Block reduces the (10.4N/mm2 equivalent) †
number of mortar joints required when
detailing, and therefore provides time savings. Thermal conductivity
Hi-Strength 7: 0.18W/m.K
• Protect against pattern staining Hi-Strength 9: 0.19W/m.K
• Infill above doors and windows
Note: Thermalite Hi-Strength Coursing Blocks are suitable
• Coursing at floor and ceiling level for use externally (with an impervious finish)
• Making up between joists and internally, above or blow dpc level, in loadbearing
or non-loadbearing applications.
• For use with general purpose mortar Loadbearing walls should not be constructed with Thermalite
and thin layer mortar Hi-Strength Coursing Blocks as the sole masonry unit.
Specifications
7.3N/mm2 working dimensions
Face dimensions (mm) 440 x 65 Pack Size
Thickness (mm) 100 140‡ 100mm 180 blocks 6.0m2*
Weight1 3% (kg) 2.2 3.0 140mm 126 blocks 4.26m2*
Weight2 23% (kg) 2.6 3.6
9.0N/mm2 working dimensions
Face dimensions (mm) 440 x 65 Pack Size
Thickness (mm) 100 140‡ 100mm 180 blocks 6.0m2*
Weight1 3% (kg) 2.3 3.2 140mm 126 blocks 4.26m2*
Weight2 23% (kg) 2.7 3.8
Properties
Mean compressive strength 7.3N/mm2 and 9.0N/mm2
Design thermal conductivity (λ) 0.18W/m.K for Hi-Strength 7 and 0.19W/m.K for Hi-Strength 9
Dry thermal conductivity value: (λ10,dry, unit ) 0.16W/m.K for Hi-Strength 7
and 0.17W/m.K for Hi-Strength 9
1 Weights based equilibrium moisture content. 2 Typical as received weights, the percentage can vary depending on climatic and storage conditions.
* Using traditional coordinating work face size i.e. 450mm x 75mm.
† Blocks are manufactured to BS EN 771-4, Category 1.
This provides the equivalent of 10.4N/mm2 compressive strength - manufactured to special order only.
‡ Manufactured to special order only - Hi strength 7
18 19Thin joint masonry
Thermalite Thin Joint Benefits Typically, Thermalite blocks built with thin
layer mortar will be stable after 60 minutes.
Airtightness test results for Thermalite
100mm blockwork and thin layer mortar, as
Masonry is a fast, Faster build speed This means that the amount of walling that conducted by the Building Services Research
The application of a thin layer mortar to can be built will increase and enables the and Information Association (BSRIA) were
clean and accurate Thermalite blocks is achieved by the use earlier installation of other components, such better than < 0.10m3/(h.m2), the lowest
construction system of a serrated scoop applicator, which allows
mortar to be quickly and accurately applied to
as floors and roof timbers. The completion of
a weathertight envelope allows brickwork to
possible score.
using Thermalite blocks the bed joint of the wall. The full benefits can be taken off the critical path and for internal
Reduced site wastage
A key benefit of Thermalite blocks is that they
be realised on long runs of walling. work, such as plastering, service installation
manufactured to a high and partitioning to progress.
can be easily cut, sawn and worked accurately
Independent speed trials, conducted by Percy on site. The precision cutting of blocks for use
degree of dimensional Howes & Co. Chartered Surveyors, have Improved thermal performance with thin layer mortar allows greater utilisation
accuracy and a thin indicated that a wall of Thermalite blocks and
thin layer mortar can be laid twice as fast as
The thermal insulation requirements of the
Building Regulations call for attention to
of the blocks, which can substantially reduce
site wastage.
layer of mortar. that built with aggregate blocks and general be given to the effects of cold bridging.
purpose mortar. Consequently, when calculating U-values
The increasing demands of the UK
for walls, heat loss through mortar joints
construction industry for higher build quality, This speed of construction can be further
must be taken into consideration.
greater productivity, and improved thermal enhanced when using Thermalite Large
performance, airtightness and waste Format blocks, which have a face size By reducing the amount of mortar in any
reduction, mean that the benefits offered equivalent to two traditional concrete blocks. given area of wall by at least 70% compared
by thin layer mortar are becoming to a traditional mortar joint, heat loss through
Increased productivity
increasingly relevant. the mortar joints is reduced.
Thin layer mortar is different from general
purpose mortar in that it sets far more rapidly. Improved airtightness of construction
The same high levels of productivity are not The thermal performance of the wall is also
achievable with masonry built using general improved by the effect of thin layer mortar on
purpose mortar, which requires more time to the airtightness of the construction. Reducing
attain sufficient strength to support further the air infiltration rate of the masonry will, in
construction, thus limiting the height that turn, decrease ventilation heat loss through
can be built in one day. the fabric.
20 21Thin joint masonry
Thin layer mortar Thermalite Large Format blocks Ancillary components The Thermalite House
Thin layer mortar is a pre-mixed cement Thermalite Large Format blocks offer Due to the increasing use of thin joint The Thermalite thin joint masonry system, has
based product that only requires the addition considerable productivity gains. They masonry there is a widening choice of been used to construct a detached house
of water to make an easily applied mortar. It are produced with face dimensions of suitable ancillary products. Many components from a design made available by a national
differs from general purpose mortar in that it 440 x 430mm in a range of thicknesses. are available through builders merchants house builder. The main objective of this
sets more rapidly, thus giving early stability to This is equivalent to two normal concrete or specialist fixings suppliers. When buying project was to demonstrate that the thin joint
the construction. It provides an alternative to blocks, or twelve bricks. products for use with thin layer mortar, system could be safely used to construct
traditional sand/cement mortar and allows the customers should ensure that they are fit for the load bearing inner leaf of masonry up to
Independent tests by Percy Howes & Co.
depth of mortar to be reduced from 10mm to purpose and, preferably, supported by third roof plate level, without the stabilising effect
Chartered Surveyors have found that the
3mm or less. party certification. of the brickwork outer leaf, and to complete
use of Large Format blocks in thin joint
the process quickly and accurately. The inner
construction can lead to at least a 50% time
leaf of this three-bedroom detached house,
saving, compared with the use of aggregate
including floor and roof truss installation, was
blocks and general purpose mortar.
completed in just 16 hours using a standard
team of two block layers and one labourer.
Rate of laying
20 21.26
20.66
15
m2/hour
10 11.01
9.72
5
0
Aggregate blocks Shield blocks and Shield blocks and Large Format blocks
and traditional mortar traditional mortar thin layer mortar and thin layer mortar
Note: In a thin joint masonry construction, the joints at maximum are only 3mm thick. Consequently, when blocks with a
face size of 440 x 215mm are selected an additional 3.55% blocks will be required to complete a m2 of walling.
When Large Format blocks with a face size of 440 x 430mm are selected for use in thin joint walling, an additional 4.3%
blocks will be required to complete a m2 of walling.
22 23Performance
Fire resistance There are currently 7 Robust Details for Frost resistance Workability
All Thermalite products provide excellent aircrete separating walls, referenced E-WM-6, Thermalite blocks offer superior protection All Thermalite products can be easily cut,
fire protection. They are classified as A1, E-WM-10, E-WM-13, E-WM-15, E-WM-23, against the effects of frost. Independent sawn, chased and worked accurately with
non-combustible in accordance with E-WM-24 and E-WM-30. These Robust comparative frost resistance tests have been ordinary hand tools. A straight cut ensures less
BS EN 771-4. Details are detailed on pages 28-31. carried out on facing bricks, common bricks wastage, reducing the need to make good.
and Thermalite blocks. After 20 freeze/
Loadbearing Please refer to the Robust Details Fixings
thaw cycles, the facing bricks were severely
Thermalite blocks with a thickness of 90mm Handbook for full guidance. The majority of general purpose fixings
cracked. At 61 cycles, the Thermalite blocks
or more may be used in the construction give excellent performance in Thermalite.
Moisture penetration showed no signs of cracking. Thermalite
of loadbearing walls. Where the loading Examples of such fixings include:
Thanks to their closed micro-cellular blocks require an external finish and should
conditions require a 7.3N/mm2 block,
structure, all Thermalite products provide not be left fair faced. • Cut nails, with a minimum penetration
Thermalite Hi-Strength 7 may be used.
good resistance to the passage of moisture. of 50mm
Wall ties
Sound insulation Independent tests have indicated that
Wall ties should be of Building Regulations • Wood screws - No. 12 or No.14 screws
Forterra offers a range of solutions to achieve Thermalite blocks make water penetration
Part E, Type A for separating and flanking fixed directly into Shield or Hi-Strength
the performance standards of Part E of the extremely difficult.
walls; and Type B for where a Type A tie is 7 with a minimum penetration of 50mm
Building Regulations. When employing these
alls which contain an insulating material
W not suitable.
solutions, pre-completion testing (PCT) will be • Plastic or fibre plugs for screws into a
with the capacity to store heat, such
necessary to prove compliance. Movement joints pre-drilled hole
as Thermalite blocks, can help reduce
In common with all cement-based products,
As an alternative to PCT, the use of Robust condensation, because the temperature Certain structural situations may require the
Thermalite walls are subject to movement
Details* will also demonstrate compliance. drop across the wall is gradual. use of special fixing methods such as a spiral
as the walls dry out. Movement joints should
* For further details, please refer to robustdetails.com plug, grouted fixing, spiral nail or ‘sleeved’ nail.
be located at 6m centres, although this may
vary depending on the building layout, as * No longer current but still cited in the Building Regulations.
specified in BS EN1996-2: 2006.
Movement joints may or may not be necessary
in the internal walls of dwellings, subject to
the size of the dwelling, although bed joint
reinforcement may be recommended in
specific situations.
24 25Sound insulation
Forterra offers a wide range of Thermalite block solutions As an alternative to pre-completion testing represent minimum performance standards
in purpose built dwelling-houses and flats, far superior to those in the Approved
for walls and floors to satisfy the performance standards
separating walls and floors shall be designed Document, and eliminate the need for
of Part E of the Building Regulations, as well as the specific and constructed as specified in the Robust pre-completion testing.
needs of builders and designers. Details Handbook. These approved designs
Forterra's solutions to Part E offer high levels of
performance and can achieve compliance through E1 Performance requirements for pre-completion testing
Robust Details and pre-completion testing. Dwelling-houses and flats - performance standards for separating walls,
separating floors, and stairs that have a separating function
Background As an alternative to pre-completion testing, Airborne sound insulation Impact sound insulation
(DnT,w+Ctr)dB (L'nT,w)dB
Unwanted sound, particularly in dwellings the use of Robust Details will demonstrate (minimum values) (maximum values)
has in recent years given rise to an increasing compliance with AD E for new dwellings.
Purpose built dwelling-houses and flats
number of complaints by occupiers. It was Robust Details are high-performance
recognised that existing standards, of both separating wall and floor constructions that are Separating walls 45 –
regulation and workmanship, were failing to expected to be sufficiently reliable not to need Separating floors and stairs 45 62
protect residents adequately. Rising housing the check provided by pre-completion testing. Dwelling-houses and flats formed by
densities, changes of lifestyle, technology, material change of use
AD E Requirements
perception and tolerance had all contributed Separating walls 43 –
E1: Protection against sound
to the pressure for change. Therefore,
from other parts of the building Separating floors and stairs 43 64
Approved Document E (AD E) was amended
and adjoining buildings.
in 2003, 2010, 2013 and 2015.
Rooms for residential purposes - performance standards for separating walls,
E1 states:
The overall aim of the amendments to AD E separating floors and stairs that have a separating function
was to improve the sound insulation, through "Dwelling-houses, flats and rooms for
Airborne sound insulation Impact sound insulation
better specification and workmanship, residential purposes shall be designed and (DnT,w+Ctr)dB (L'nT,w)dB
both between and within dwellings, as well constructed in such a way that they provide (minimum values) (maximum values)
as between rooms in hostels, hotels and reasonable resistance to sound from other Purpose built rooms for residential
residential homes. The scope was also parts of the same building and from purposes
extended to cover reverberation in common adjoining buildings." Separating walls 43 –
parts of blocks of flats and acoustic Separating floors and stairs 45 62
As part of the construction process, sound
conditions in schools.
insulation testing (pre-completion testing) to Rooms for residential purposes formed
demonstrate compliance with Requirement by material change of use
AD E provides some of the technical
specifications and solutions that might be E1 should be carried out on site and is the Separating walls 43 –
adopted to satisfy the statutory requirements. responsibility of the builder. Separating floors and stairs 43 64
26 27Sound insulation
Thermalite Robust Details separating walls, no pre-completion
testing required (applies to purpose built dwelling-houses and flats)
Robust Detail E-WM-6 E-WM-10 E-WM-13 E-WM-15 E-WM-23 E-WM-24 E-WM-30
Block density 600-800 600-800 600-800 600-800 600-800 600-800 600-800
range (kg/m3)
Thermalite Shield Shield Shield Shield Shield Shield Shield
products Party Wall Party Wall Party Wall Party Wall Party Wall Party Wall Party Wall
Hi-Strength 7 Hi-Strength 7 Hi-Strength 7 Hi-Strength 7 Hi-Strength 7 Hi-Strength 7 Hi-Strength 7
Hi-Strength 9 Hi-Strength 9 Hi-Strength 9 Hi-Strength 9 Hi-Strength 9 Hi-Strength 9 Hi-Strength 9
Block thickness 100mm (min.) 100mm (min.) 100mm (min.) 100mm (min.) 100mm (min.) 100mm (min.) 100mm (min.)
Mortar type General purpose mortar Thin layer mortar Thin layer mortar General purpose mortar General purpose and General purpose and General purpose and
thin layer mortar thin layer mortar thin layer mortar
Wall tie Type 'A' Ancon Staifix HRT4 No wall ties – the structural Type 'A' Type 'A' for general Type 'A' for general Type 'A' for general
or Clan PWT4 adequacy of the wall should purpose mortar. Ancon purpose mortar. Ancon purpose mortar. Ancon
be assessed by a structural Staifix HRT4 or Clan Staifix HRT4 or Clan Staifix HRT4 or Clan
engineer PWT4 for thin PWT4 for thin PWT4 for thin
layer mortar layer mortar layer mortar
Cavity 75mm (min.) clear cavity or 75mm (min.) clear cavity or 75mm (min.) clear cavity or 75mm (min.) leaf-to-leaf, 100mm (min.) leaf to 100mm (min.) leaf to 100mm (min.) leaf to
option of insulating with option of insulating with option of insulating with mineral partially filled with 35mm leaf fully filled with leaf fully filled with leaf fully filled with
mineral wool with a maximum mineral wool with a maximum wool with a maximum density Saint Gobain Isover 100mm Superglass 100mm Isover RD Party 100mm Knauf Supafill®
density of 40kg/m3. This density of 40kg/m3. This of 40kg/m3. This includes RD35 mineral wool Party Wall Roll Wall Roll
Party wall blown glass
includes mineral wool batts, includes mineral wool batts, mineral wool batts, rolls and acoustic batt
mineral wool insulation
rolls and blown mineral wool rolls and blown mineral wool blown mineral wool
Internal finish Gypsum-based board (nominal Gypsum-based board (nominal Gypsum-based board (nominal Gypsum-based board Gypsum-based board Gypsum-based board Gypsum-based board
8 kg/m2) on dabs on nominal 8 kg/m2) on dabs on nominal 8 kg/m2) on dabs on nominal (nominal 9.8 kg/m2) (nominal 8.0 kg/m2) (nominal 8.0 kg/m2) (nominal 8.0 kg/m2)
8mm render coat with scratch 8mm render coat with scratch 8mm render coat with scratch on dabs on dabs on dabs on dabs
finish (or British Gypsum finish (or British Gypsum finish (or British Gypsum
Gyproc Soundcoat Plus) Gyproc Soundcoat Plus) Gyproc Soundcoat Plus)
Notes:
All constructions require the external (flanking) walls to be masonry with 50mm (min.) cavity.
All plots to be pre-registered with Robust Details Limited.
All constructions should be built in accordance with the Robust Details Handbook.
28 29Sound insulation
Use of Thermalite Robust Details in flats/apartments using
Robust Detail separating floors
E-FC-1 E-FC-4 E-FC-5 E-FC-6 E-FC-7 E-FC-8 E-FC-9 E-FC-10 E-FC-11 E-FC-12 E-FC-13 E-FC-14 E-FC-15 E-FC-16 E-FC-17
(pre-cast (pre-cast (pre-cast (beam & (beam & (pre-cast (pre-cast ('Isorubber (pre-cast (pre-cast (pre-cast (pre-cast (pre-cast plank (pre-cast plank (pre-cast plank
plank & plank, plank, aggregate aggregate plank, bonded plank, Top' on plank plank plank plank 'Regupol 'Thermal 'Cellecta®
screed) screed on screed on block, block, floor cover Isorubber in-situ screed on 'Thermal Instacoustic 'Thermal Quietlay', Economics YELOfon®
'Thermal 'Cellecta screed on screed on screed Top' on concrete) 'Icopal- Economics Instalay 65) Economics Tekfloor or Isorubber CC3' HD10+
Economics Yelofon 'Regupol floating on resilient screed) Monarfloor Isorubber Isorubber Tekrubber layer bonded resilient layer
Isorubber') HD10+') E48') floor) layers) Tranquilt') Base HP3') Code' layer and floating resilient with Cellecta®
Separating wall and floating screed) floor covering) ULTRA ceiling
construction screed) treatment
E-WM-6 see note 1
(Shield, Party Wall, F 2 F F F F F F F F F
Hi-Strength 7 or 9)
E-WM-10 see note 1
(Shield, Party Wall, F 2 F F F F F F F F F
Hi-Strength 7 or 9)
E-WM-13 see note 1
(Shield, Party Wall, F 2 F F F F F F F F F
Hi-Strength 7 or 9)
E-WM-15 see note 1
(Shield, Party Wall, F 2 F F F F F F F F F
Hi-Strength 7 or 9)
E-WM-23 see note 1
(Shield, Party Wall, F 2 F F F F F F F F F
Hi-Strength 7 or 9)
E-WM-24 see note 1
(Shield, Party Wall, F 2 F F F F F F F F F
Hi-Strength 7 or 9)
E-WM-30 see note 1
(Shield, Party Wall, F 2 F F F F F F F F F
Hi-Strength 7 or 9)
Inner leaf of external (flanking) wall construction (subject to structural requirements)
Turbo
(density 470kg/m3)
Shield
(density 600kg/m3)
Party Wall
(density 660kg/m3)
Hi-Strength 7
(density 730kg/m3)
Hi-Strength 9
(density 770kg/m3)
Key: Permissible wall and floor combinations for flats/apartments which do not require pre-completion sound testing. Notes: 1. At least one storey of the separating wall flanking the separating floor must be built with Hi-Strength 7 or Hi-Strength 9 -
Wall may not be used with floor. typically for two-storey flats this will consist of Hi-Strength 7 or 9 on the ground floor as a minimum, with a lower density
F Only the separating floor requires pre-completion sound testing. product (if required) on the first floor. For three storey flats Hi-Strength 7 or 9 on the ground and first floor as a minimum, with
a lower density product (if required) on the second floor.
2. 200mm (min.) thick precast concrete planks and CT5 ceiling treatment must be used.
30 31Mortar & finishes
Mortar Finishes
Selection of a suitable mortar is important to The following recommendations for general Thermalite blocks provide an excellent Plaster finishes
ensure that the composition is compatible in purpose mortar with Thermalite take this into background for the use of internal and The following plaster undercoats are
relation to the blocks being used. account and are based on the requirements external finishes to walls. recommended:
of BS EN1996-1-1: 2005 + A1: 2012 and
lthough the scratch finish is primarily
A • 1 : 1 : 6 cement : lime : sand
PD 6678: 2005.
an identification characteristic, it helps • Pre-mixed gypsum-bound or
Above dpc (externally and internally) Below dpc provide a key and should be augmented by cement-lime-bound lightweight aggregate
recessing the mortar joint, to assist during
Ratio Material Ratio Material The undercoats may be plaster finished
the application of direct finishes.
1: 1: 6 cement : lime : sand 1:4 cement : sand with neat gypsum Class B finish coat, or
lockwork should be allowed to dry out
B with a lightweight pre-mixed gypsum, or
1: 6 cement : sand with a plasticiser 1 : 1/2 : 4 cement : lime : sand
thoroughly before rendering or plastering, in gypsum-lime-bound coat.
1: 5 masonry cement : sand accordance with relevant codes of practice.
Dry lining
Below dpc sulfate resisting cement may be required, depending on ground and groundwater conditions.
External rendering The following systems are suitable
The finishes suitable for external rendering for use on Thermalite blocks:
onto Thermalite blocks are classified by • Plaster dab method
BS EN13914-1: 2005 as follows: • Timber batten method
• Float finish • Metal framing systems
• Scraped or textured, hand applied Painting direct
• Dry-dash, dry-thrown by hand Hi-Strength Paint Grade blocks built fair-
• Machine applied, Tyrolean or power spray faced are particularly suitable for the direct
The rate of drying will vary with conditions application of paint (please refer to paint
of temperature, humidity and ventilation. If manufacturers’ advice on suitability) using a
necessary, precautions should be taken to brush, roller or spray gun.
retain sufficient moisture throughout curing. Tiling*
It is recommended to seal the blockwork Thermalite is ideal for external tile hanging
before applying the scratch coat. because it readily accepts fixing direct by
cut nails and screws. Thermalite blocks
also provide a suitable background for the
* For further details, please contact our
Technical Services Department on 0330 123 1018. application of ceramic wall tiles. Proprietary
adhesives should be used to fix ceramic tiles
to rendered or plastered Thermalite walls.
32 33Thermal insulation
and U-values
The thermal performance of the building fabric is becoming Thermal mass Other useful sources of information and
The heat capacity of the external wall is accredited constructions can be obtained
increasingly reliant upon the considered combination of used in the SAP calculation and the use of from the NHBC Foundation and LABC,
structural components, specialist insulation products, finishes Thermalite blocks can offer benefits in this details can be accessed via their websites:
and workmanship. The high level of thermal performance respect. Increasing the effective thermal nhbcfoundation.org and labc.co.uk
mass reduces the need for heating and
of Thermalite blocks, coupled with excellent thermal mass cooling. However, the rules for calculating
Air permeability
The average air permeability of new
qualities and inherent airtightness, ensures that cost-effective heat capacity mean that items such as masonry dwellings has steadily decreased in
internal dry-lining, thermal lining and
solutions can be achieved to satisfy the Building Regulations. recent years as knowledge gained through
lightweight construction will reduce the pressure testing has informed the design
effective thermal mass. and construction process. An air permeability
The Building Regulations Thermal solutions Linear thermal bridges rate in the region of 5.0 m3/hr/m2 is now
Devolved government has resulted in England, Pages 36-41 show a comprehensive Linear thermal bridging is where heat loss fairly standard, with lower values achieved
Scotland and Wales formulating their own range of thermal solutions to satisfy the occurs through the junction of building as required. In fact, results from pressure
approach and set of standards for the individual requirements of each country using elements such as the wall and the floor, testing wet plastered or parge coated walls
conservation of fuel and power. Therefore, Thermalite blocks in the following common where the continuity of the insulation is consistently return results in the region of
across the nation each country has set its types of constructions: interrupted. These heat losses are significant, 3.0 m3/hr/m2, as this layer provides a highly
own limiting backstop U-values for new build, but can be reduced by adopting Enhanced effective air barrier.
extensions and conversions. Construction Details (ECD’s). The effect of thin joint masonry
Thermalite can offer a range of high- The use of thin joint masonry with a bed joint
performance construction details that have thickness of approximately 2.5mm in lieu of
recently been developed within the masonry conventional general purpose mortar can
sector, covering all the usual methods of provide a significant contribution to improving
construction and materials used. The use of the overall U-value of a masonry wall, without
these generic details is recommended. the need to increase the amount of insulation.
The Aircrete Products Association (APA) This is seen at its most effective on internally
developed the details in partnership with insulated solid wall constructions as shown
Constructive Details Ltd. These include a on page 40.
useful construction checklist to help ensure
the details are built correctly.
The details can be downloaded at
constructivedetails.co.uk
Full fill constructions - Partial fill constructions - External solid wall constructions -
pages 36-37 pages 38-39 pages 40-41
34 35Thermal performance Full fill construction
Full fill construction - table 1 Full fill construction - table 2 Full fill construction - table 3 Full fill construction - table 4
Plasterboard Lightweight Hi-Strength 7 Hi-Strength 7
on dabs plaster outer leaf outer leaf
Brick Brick Inner Inner
outer leaf outer leaf leaf block leaf block
Full fill Full fill
Full fill Full fill insulation insulation
100mm 100mm
insulation inner leaf insulation inner leaf Lightweight
Render Plasterboard Render plaster
on dabs
Table 1: Minimum thickness of insulation (in mm) required to achieve illustrated U-values Table 3: Minimum thickness of insulation (in mm) required to achieve illustrated U-values
(W/m2K) in conjunction with clay brickwork externally. (W/m2K) in conjunction with 100mm Hi-Strength 7 blockwork externally.
U-value (W/m2K) U-value (W/m2K)
Inner leaf Insulation Conductivity Inner leaf Insulation Conductivity
block (W/m.K) 0.3 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.15 0.13 block (W/m.K) 0.3 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.15 0.13
0.018 - 40 45 55 70 75 100 120 0.018 26 31 39 49 58 68 90 111
0.021 46 51 61 73 81 96 114 140 0.021 38 43 53 63 75 88 114 141
Turbo 0.032 68 75 88 108 122 142 185 - Turbo 0.032 57 65 78 96 111 130 173 -
0.037 79 88 104 125 142 169 - - 0.037 66 75 90 111 129 150 198 -
0.04 85 95 112 135 159 182 - - 0.04 71 81 98 120 139 166 - -
0.018 36 40 45 59 70 79 101 122 0.018 29 34 42 52 61 72 94 115
0.021 50 55 65 77 87 100 129 154 0.021 42 47 57 69 79 92 118 145
Shield 0.032 74 82 95 113 129 147 191 - Shield 0.032 62 70 84 101 116 135 179 -
0.037 85 94 110 132 154 176 - - 0.037 72 80 97 117 135 161 - -
0.04 92 102 119 142 166 189 - - 0.04 78 87 105 128 151 174 - -
0.018 37 42 50 61 70 81 103 127 0.018 31 35 43 54 63 73 96 119
0.021 52 57 67 79 89 102 131 166 0.021 44 49 59 71 81 94 120 156
Hi-Strength 7 0.032 77 84 98 116 132 156 194 - Hi-Strength 7 0.032 65 73 86 104 119 138 181 -
0.037 89 97 113 135 157 179 - - 0.037 75 84 100 120 138 165 - -
0.04 96 105 124 150 169 193 - - 0.04 81 91 108 131 154 177 - -
Table 2: Minimum thickness of insulation (in mm) required to achieve illustrated U-values Table 4: Minimum thickness of insulation (in mm) required to achieve illustrated U-values
(W/m2K) in conjunction with clay brickwork externally. (W/m2K) in conjunction with 100mm Hi-Strength 7 blockwork externally.
U-value (W/m2K) U-value (W/m2K)
Inner leaf Insulation Conductivity Inner leaf Insulation Conductivity
block (W/m.K) 0.3 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.15 0.13 block (W/m.K) 0.3 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.15 0.13
0.018 35 39 48 58 67 78 100 124 0.018 28 33 41 51 60 71 93 113
0.021 49 54 63 76 86 99 125 162 0.021 41 46 55 67 78 90 116 143
Turbo 0.032 72 80 93 111 127 151 189 - Turbo 0.032 60 68 82 99 114 133 177 -
0.037 83 92 108 129 147 173 - - 0.037 70 79 94 115 133 159 200 -
0.04 90 95 117 140 163 186 - - 0.04 75 85 102 124 143 171 - -
0.018 38 43 51 61 70 81 104 128 0.018 31 36 44 54 63 74 96 119
0.021 52 58 67 77 90 103 140 166 0.021 44 50 59 71 82 94 120 148
Shield 0.032 78 85 99 117 133 157 195 - Shield 0.032 66 74 87 105 119 139 182 -
0.037 89 98 114 136 158 180 - - 0.037 76 85 101 121 139 166 - -
0.04 97 106 125 151 170 194 - - 0.04 82 92 109 132 150 179 - -
0.018 40 44 52 63 72 83 105 129 0.018 32 37 46 56 65 76 98 121
0.021 54 60 69 82 92 105 143 169 0.021 46 51 61 73 84 96 122 150
Hi-Strength 7 0.032 80 88 102 119 135 160 197 - Hi-Strength 7 0.032 69 76 90 108 122 142 185 -
0.037 93 101 117 139 162 183 - - 0.037 79 88 104 124 142 169 - -
0.04 100 110 128 155 174 197 - - 0.04 85 95 112 135 159 182 - -
36 37Thermal performance Partial fill construction
Partial fill construction - table 5 Partial fill construction - table 6 Partial fill construction - table 7 Partial fill construction - table 8
Low-emissivity cavity resistance 0.644m2K/W Low-emissivity cavity resistance 0.644m2K/W Low-emissivity cavity resistance 0.644m2K/W Low-emissivity cavity resistance 0.644m2K/W
Plasterboard Lightweight Render Plasterboard Render Lightweight
Brick Brick plaster
on dabs on dabs plaster
outer leaf outer leaf
50mm 50mm
clear cavity Hi-Strength 7 Inner leaf Hi-Strength 7 Inner leaf
clear cavity Inner leaf Inner leaf outer leaf block outer leaf block
Partial fill block Partial fill block
insulation insulation
50mm Partial fill 50mm Partial fill
clear cavity insulation clear cavity insulation
Table 5: Minimum thickness of insulation (in mm) required to achieve illustrated U-values Table 7: Minimum thickness of insulation (in mm) required to achieve illustrated U-values
(W/m2K) in conjunction with clay brickwork externally. (W/m2K) in conjunction with 100mm Hi-Strength 7 blockwork externally.
U-value (W/m2K) U-value (W/m2K)
Inner leaf Insulation Conductivity Inner leaf Insulation Conductivity
block (W/m.K) 0.3 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.15 0.13 block (W/m.K) 0.3 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.15 0.13
0.018 28 32 40 51 59 70 94 124 0.018 21 25 33 44 52 65 87 115
Turbo 0.02 31 36 45 56 66 79 111 136 Turbo 0.02 23 28 37 48 58 70 102 127
0.022 34 39 49 62 72 87 121 149 0.022 25 31 41 53 64 78 111 139
0.018 31 35 43 54 63 75 105 128 0.018 24 29 37 47 56 66 91 120
Shield 0.02 34 39 48 60 70 83 115 140 Shield 0.02 27 32 40 52 62 74 106 131
0.022 37 43 53 66 78 91 126 - 0.022 29 35 44 57 68 82 116 144
0.018 32 37 45 56 64 75 99 130 0.018 26 30 38 48 57 68 92 122
Hi-Strength 7 0.02 36 41 50 62 71 85 117 143 Hi-Strength 7 0.02 28 33 42 54 63 77 108 134
0.022 39 45 55 68 80 93 128 - 0.022 31 37 46 59 70 84 118 146
Table 6: Minimum thickness of insulation (in mm) required to achieve illustrated U-values Table 8: Minimum thickness of insulation (in mm) required to achieve illustrated U-values
(W/m2K) in conjunction with clay brickwork externally. (W/m2K) in conjunction with 100mm Hi-Strength 7 blockwork externally.
U-value (W/m2K) U-value (W/m2K)
Inner leaf Insulation Conductivity Inner leaf Insulation Conductivity
block (W/m.K) 0.3 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.15 0.13 block (W/m.K) 0.3 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.15 0.13
0.018 30 34 42 53 62 72 96 126 0.018 23 27 35 46 54 67 89 118
Turbo 0.02 33 38 47 58 68 82 114 139 Turbo 0.02 25 30 39 49 60 72 98 130
0.022 36 42 51 64 75 90 124 150 0.022 28 33 43 56 66 81 114 142
0.018 33 37 46 56 65 77 107 131 0.018 26 31 39 49 58 70 92 122
Shield 0.02 36 41 50 62 72 86 118 144 Shield 0.02 29 34 43 54 64 77 109 134
0.022 40 45 55 68 79 94 129 - 0.022 32 37 47 60 70 85 119 146
0.018 34 39 47 58 67 79 109 133 0.018 28 32 40 51 59 70 94 124
Hi-Strength 7 0.02 38 43 52 64 75 87 120 146 Hi-Strength 7 0.02 31 36 45 56 66 79 111 136
0.022 42 47 57 70 82 96 131 - 0.022 34 39 49 62 72 87 121 149
38 39Thermal performance Solid wall construction
External solid wall construction - table 9 External solid wall construction - table 10 External solid wall construction - table 11 External solid wall construction - table 12
20mm external render 20mm external render Plasterboard on dabs internally Plasterboard on dabs internally
Traditional mortar Thin layer mortar Traditional mortar Thin layer mortar
Render External External
Render
wall board wall board
& render & render
Insulated Insulated Plasterboard Plasterboard
plaster board plaster board on dabs on dabs
Table 9: Thickness of Thermaline Super insulated plasterboard located internally Table 11: Thickness of Kingspan Kooltherm K5 located externally (in mm)
on timber battens (in mm) required to achieve illustrated U-values (W/m²K). required to achieve illustrated U-values (W/m²K).
Insulated plasterboard thickness Insulated plasterboard thickness
50mm 60mm 70mm 80mm 90mm 25mm 35mm 50mm 60mm 70mm 100mm
Inner leaf block U-value (W/m2K) Inner leaf block U-value (W/m2K)
215mm Turbo 0.31 0.27 0.25 0.23 0.21 215mm Turbo 0.38 0.32 0.25 0.22 0.20 0.15
265mm Turbo 0.28 0.25 0.23 0.21 0.19 265mm Turbo 0.34 0.29 0.23 0.21 0.19 0.15
300mm Turbo 0.26 0.24 0.22 0.20 0.19 300mm Turbo 0.32 0.28 0.22 0.20 0.18 0.14
190mm Shield 0.36 0.31 0.28 0.25 0.23 190mm Shield 0.40 0.33 0.26 0.23 0.20 0.16
200mm Shield 0.35 0.30 0.27 0.25 0.23 200mm Shield 0.39 0.32 0.25 0.23 0.20 0.16
200mm Hi-Strength 7 0.37 0.32 0.29 0.26 0.24 200mm Hi-Strength 7 0.41 0.34 0.26 0.23 0.21 0.16
215mm Hi- Strength 7 0.36 0.31 0.28 0.25 0.23 215mm Hi- Strength 7 0.40 0.33 0.26 0.23 0.21 0.16
Table 10: Thickness of Thermaline Super insulated plasterboard located internally Table 12: Thickness of Kingspan Kooltherm K5 located externally (in mm)
on timber battens (in mm) required to achieve illustrated U-values (W/m²K). required to achieve illustrated U-values (W/m²K).
Insulated plasterboard thickness Insulated plasterboard thickness
50mm 60mm 70mm 80mm 90mm 25mm 35mm 50mm 60mm 70mm 100mm
Inner leaf block U-value (W/m2K) Inner leaf block U-value (W/m2K)
215mm Turbo 0.35 0.26 0.24 0.22 0.20 215mm Turbo 0.31 0.27 0.22 0.20 0.18 0.14
265mm Turbo 0.26 0.23 0.22 0.20 0.19 265mm Turbo 0.28 0.25 0.20 0.18 0.17 0.13
300mm Turbo 0.24 0.22 0.20 0.19 0.18 300mm Turbo 0.26 0.23 0.19 0.18 0.16 0.13
190mm Shield 0.34 0.30 0.27 0.25 0.22 190mm Shield 0.38 0.32 0.25 0.22 0.20 0.15
200mm Shield 0.34 0.29 0.27 0.24 0.22 200mm Shield 0.37 0.31 0.25 0.22 0.20 0.15
200mm Hi-Strength 7 0.36 0.31 0.28 0.25 0.23 200mm Hi-Strength 7 0.39 0.33 0.26 0.23 0.20 0.16
215mm Hi- Strength 7 0.35 0.30 0.27 0.25 0.23 215mm Hi- Strength 7 0.38 0.32 0.25 0.22 0.20 0.15
40 41You can also read
