Accoya Wood Information Guide V3.9
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CON T E N TS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 Introduction Accoya wood 2 About this guide properties 3 3 Transport and storage 13 4 Wood moisture Welcome to the Accoya Wood Information Guide. This document content 15 has been written for professionals wishing to use Accoya wood to 5 Processing 17 create beautiful, reliable and highly durable end products and has 6 Gluing 23 been compiled to offer best practices and recommendations for 7 Contact with the handling and use of Accoya wood. other materials 27 Metals 28 The guide is composed from current Non-metals 30 good practice, without aiming to 8 Weathering 33 be exhaustive and is produced as part of the supporting information 9 Coatings 41 portfolio to the “Accoya wood – 10 Fire behaviour 48 Certificate of Warranty”. 11 Contact 51 In addition, Accsys runs an approved Manufacturer Training Programme and we would This is version 3.9 of the Accoya encourage all manufacturers Wood Information Guide. To planning to use Accoya to confirm this is the most up to participate in this training date version and check for other programme. potentially useful information please check our website: Should you require any further www.accoya.com information or guidance, please contact your local sales representative or send an email to: sales@accsysplc.com Accoya AccoyaWood ® ® Wood Information Information Guide Guide | |V3.9 V3.9|| 2020 2
CON T E N TS 2 Accoya wood properties 1 Introduction 2 Accoya wood has been produced commercially since 2007, 2 Accoya wood initially in small volumes, then growing as manufacturers properties 3 and architects gained an appreciation for its characteristics. 3 Transport and storage 13 Adoption has accelerated to the extent that almost 4 Wood moisture 350,000m3 has been used around the world for a range of content 15 exterior applications. Accoya represents a major development 5 Processing 17 in wood technology that has made the consistent supply 6 Gluing 23 of durable, dimensionally stable and reliable wood from 7 Contact with a sustainable source possible. other materials 27 Metals 28 Accoya wood’s performance K EY P ROP ERTIES & BENEFITS Non-metals 30 credentials have been extensively 8 Weathering 33 researched and repeatedly demonstrated. Accoya wood has H I G H LY H I G H LY IDEAL FOR E XCE L L E N T 9 Coatings 41 properties that exceed those of S TA B L E DUR ABLE COAT I N G M ACH I N A B I L I T Y 10 Fire behaviour 48 the world’s best woods yet it is manufactured by modifying wood 11 Contact 51 sourced from well-managed NON B A R E F OOT S T RU C T U R A L LY S US TA I N A B LY sustainable forests through TOX I C F R I E N D LY CE R T I F I E D SO U RCE D acetylation without the introduction of toxins. LOW Accoya performance testing LOW CO 2 I N S EC T 10 0 % E N V I RO N M E N TA L is reviewed in detail in the E M I SS I O N S R E S I S TA N T R EC YCL A B L E I M PAC T Performance Testing Summary Brochure. Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 3
CON T E N TS 2 Accoya wood properties technical data 1 Introduction 2 2.1 Appearance Property Test method Value 2 Accoya wood Accoya wood is supplied as rough properties 3 Durability EN 113 (EN84), ENV 807 and EN 252 Class 1* sawn and finger jointed in various AS5604 Class 1 3 Transport and storage 13 sizes and grades. Density 65% RH, 20°C (70oF) 515 ± 80 kg/m³ 4 Wood moisture Detailed information on available 32 lb /ft3 ± 5 lb /ft3 content 15 dimensions is available at: Shrinkage (avg) ISO 4469 5 Processing 17 www.accoya.com Wet to 65% RH, 20°C Radial 0.4% 6 Gluing 23 Details of end product Tangential 0.8% 7 Contact with manufacturers and Accoya other materials 27 Wet to Oven Dry Radial 0.7% stocking distributors can be Tangential 1.5% Metals 28 found at: Non-metals 30 www.accoya.com/where-to-buy Equilibrium moisture 65% RH, 20°C (70oF) 3 – 5% content 8 Weathering 33 2.2 Material properties Thermal conductivity EN 12667 0.12 W/m K 9 Coatings 41 This table shows the average ASTM C-177 0.10 W/m K 10 Fire behaviour 48 properties of Accoya wood made Janka hardness ASTM D143 Side 4,100 N from radiata pine and has been End 6,600 N 11 Contact 51 compiled using data from official test Brinell hardness EN 1534 2.4 kgf/mm2 reports from independent institutes 24.0 N/mm2 in Europe, USA, Australia and New Zealand. For further information on a wider range of testing information *What is Class 1 Durability? Wood resistance to rot and decay is measured on a scale of 1 to 5 with 1 being please see the Accoya Performance the most durable. Provisional durability class can be determined in a 16 week petri dish test (EN113). Official Testing Summary brochure, durability class can only be determined from long term, real life durability testing (EN252). Results show many available at: www.accoya.com wood types can under perform in EN252. Accoya achieves durability class 1 in both EN113 and EN252. As there is no durability class system in the USA, Accoya has been tested alongside other durable woods including FEQ Burmese teak, sapele mahogany and western red cedar. This five year ground contact test in accordance with AWPA E9 standards was run by an independent lab at their Gainesville Florida test site. Accoya outperformed all tested durable woods. Please see the Accoya Performance Testing Summary brochure available at www.accoya.com for more details. Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 4
CON T E N TS 2 Accoya wood properties technical data 1 Introduction 2 2.3 Mechanical properties Characteristic values for strength class: Property strength [N/mm2] 2 Accoya wood The Accoya acetylation process C16 (A2 Grade) C22 (A1 grade) properties 3 improves hardness and compression Bending fm,k 16 22 3 Transport and storage 13 strength significantly. Accoya is Tension approved for a general building use 4 Wood moisture content 15 by the German Institute for Building Parallel to grain ft,0,k 10 13 Technology (DIBt) for load bearing 5 Processing 17 Perpendicular ft,90,k 0,5 0,5 structural applications. This DIBt approval qualifies the strength class of Compression 6 Gluing 23 A1 and A2 solid Accoya timber, based Parallel to grain fc,0,k 17 20 7 Contact with other materials 27 on the European strength class system of C classes (EN338). Perpendicular fc,90,k 2,2 2,4 Metals 28 Shear fv,k 1,8 2,4 Non-metals 30 Accoya A1 quality is classified as C22 strength grade and Accoya Stiffness [kN/mm2] 8 Weathering 33 A2 quality is classified as C16 (see Mean MOE parallel E0,mean 8 10 9 Coatings 41 adjacent table). The approval applies to Accoya wood in the widths 100mm 5% MOE parallel E0,05 5,4 6,7 10 Fire behaviour 48 to 250mm with a thickness of 25mm Mean MOE perpendicular E90, mean 0,27 0,33 11 Contact 51 to 100mm, and can be used both flat and upright. C22 and C16 strength Mean shear modulus Gmean 0,5 0,63 classes are common for structural Density [kg/m3] timbers produced from spruce and pine in the UK and Mainland Europe. Density 0k 310 340 Mean density Pmean 370 410 cont on page 6... NB: Characteristic values are used in structural grade classification and stated as the average result minus two standard deviation. Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 5
CON T E N TS 2 Accoya wood properties technical data 1 Introduction 2 The standard wood design safety To achieve design values, the • Maximum residual acetyl 2 Accoya wood factors (kdef, kmod) as given in characteristic values are divided compounds content of individual properties 3 EN 1995-1 were determined in by a material factor and multiplied samples ≤ 1.8% the DIBt test programme to be by climate, load duration and beam 3 Transport and storage 13 Although levels are controlled, appropriate and may be used. height modification factors (EN 4 Wood moisture Accoya wood may be fastened freshly cut or planed Accoya wood 1995-1-1). content 15 to a timber sub-frame with nails, may have a slight vinegar-like odour. clamps, wood screws, dowels and Accoya wood in B grade is not Some of the residual acetic acid 5 Processing 17 bolts. For non pre-drilled holes, the strength graded in any way and will dissolve in water absorbed by 6 Gluing 23 minimum spacing distance and is not included in the scope of Accoya wood. In wet circumstances, edge/end clearance (EN 1995-1- the DIBt work programme or the Accoya wood will therefore have 7 Contact with other materials 27 1, table 8.2) should be in line with certification. a pH in the range of 4 – 5.5. At these wood with a density between 420 levels a wide range of coatings, Metals 28 and 500kg/m³. 2.5 Residual acid glues, fixings and other products can Non-metals 30 be used with Accoya. Please see the Many durable wood species applicable sections for each in this 8 Weathering 33 2.4 Property characteristic naturally contain a quantity of guide. 9 Coatings 41 values for strength class acid. Accoya wood contains a small 10 Fire behaviour 48 The strength class determining amount of residual acetic acid from properties of timber are strength, the acetylation process. Since acids 11 Contact 51 can create compatibility issues stiffness and density. The values mentioned in EN 338 are so- with coatings, glues and fixtures, called characteristic values of the the acetic acid content is measured material properties. For safety as part of the quality control reasons, these are threshold values procedures of Accoya wood and that at least 95% of the pieces within our KOMO® approved Quality of timber will meet. Hence these System. Individual batches are only characteristic values are lower than released for sale if the residual acetic the average mechanical property acid level is within specification: values commonly reported for Q UA L I T Y CO N T RO L SA MPL I N G • Average residual acetyl timber species. Average mechanical Note: Accoya carries out destructive testing compounds content of samples property values should not be used on the core of the wood from every batch. ≤ 1.0% (mass/mass oven dry for structural calculations. wood) Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 6
CON T E N TS 2 Accoya wood properties technical data 1 Introduction 2 2.6 Acetylation and All audits involve factory visits and destructive testing by the 2 Accoya wood Durability properties 3 certification body. Thus consistent Accoya wood is modified uniformly quality and performance in 3 Transport and storage 13 through the cross section, not just accordance with set standards 4 Wood moisture at the surface. The entire cell wall is assured. Accoya wood always content 15 structure is altered to the effect meets the requirements of Durability 5 Processing 17 that it repels moisture, greatly Class 1 for Use Classes 1-4 in reducing the capacity for bound accordance with EN 350-1 & EN 6 Gluing 23 water and therefore swelling and 335-1. See 2.8 for more information. 7 Contact with shrinkage. This bulking up of the other materials 27 structure in turn gives it excellent Accoya wood has evidenced Metals Non-metals 28 30 even when wet. Pure science protection and sustained strength improved performance in multiple tests and in numerous regions against various fungal, termite From non durable woods to Accoya ® through acetylation 8 Weathering 33 The wood structure is modified and other insect species in many through the process to give it its locations around the world. 9 Coatings 41 Hydroxyl groups unique stable, durable and inertHydroxyls are hydrophilic (attract water), Non durable Distillation of 10 Fire behaviour 48 properties with high thermal causing cellulose to swell (and shrink when wood species by-products subsequently dried) and become more insulation that all helps to deliver ACE T YLATION P RO C ESS susceptible to attack by biological organisms. 11 Contact 51 long term performance. Accoya Acetylation Water returned to Acetyl groups wood performs in the harshestWood of cellulose contains a small ground water system environments and even lends itselfnumber of naturally occurring acetyl groups which are hydrophobic (repel Acetic anhydride and Water to being coated black. water). There are an insufficient acetic acid reused number of acetyls in natural wood to provide durable, stable performance Modification quality of each batch Naturally occurring acetyl produced is validated to the Acetylation Free hydroxyls Acetylated wood Reaction of wood with acetic anhydride core of the wood by a range of (concentrated acetic acid) at high temperature Cellulose sophisticated and proven tests tothat precisely increase the level of moisture Acetic anhydride resistant acetyl groups. take place in Accsys’ laboratories. This quality control approach is Acetyl group independently audited on a regular basis by organisations from USA, France and the Netherlands. Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 7
CON T E N TS 2 Accoya wood properties technical data 1 Introduction 2 2.7 Classification of natural established for that region. Testing 2.8 Durability use classes on the US Pacific coast is ongoing 2 Accoya wood wood durability to wood- The EN 335 gives general definitions properties 3 with no attack after 4 years. destroying fungi of use classes for different service 3 Transport and storage 13 Accoya wood is warranted for situations and is relevant to solid Accoya wood is resistant to salt 4 Wood moisture 50 years above ground, 25 years timber and wood-based products. and can be used around saltwater content 15 in ground contact and freshwater Accoya wood is suitable for use (for instance as marina decking immersion. A copy of the warranty classes 1-4 defined in this standard. 5 Processing 17 and boardwalks). Accoya is used is available in the warranties in permanent salt water immersion cont on page 9... 6 Gluing 23 section on www.accoya.com but is not warranted for resistance 7 Contact with against attack from marine other materials 27 organisms. However, Accoya wood Use class Conditions of use Wetting Wood moisture content Metals 28 has been tested in the waters of Northern Europe for more than a 1 No contact with the ground, Permanently dry Permanently dry < 20% Non-metals 30 sheltered and dry decade without attack and a 10 8 Weathering 33 year service life position has been 2 No contact with the ground, sheltered Occasionally exposed to Incidental short term wood 9 Coatings 41 with little chance of becoming wet moisture MC >20% 10 Fire behaviour 48 Durability class Description 3 No contact with the ground, not Regularly exposed to Regular, short-term sheltered in all weather conditions moisture exposure >20% 11 Contact 51 1 Very Durable 4 In contact with the ground Permanently exposed or in Permanent exposure to 2 Durable contact with fresh water water with wood MC >20% 3 Moderately Durable 5 In contact with salt or salt water Permanently exposed to Permanent exposure >20% splash zones¹ brackish water to salt water 4 Slightly Durable ¹ The Accoya warranty covers use in salt water splash zones, for instance Marina decking. Accoya is suitable in full salt water 5 Not Durable immersion though the warranty does not cover attack by marine organisms. Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 8
CON T E N TS 2 Accoya wood properties technical data 1 Introduction 2 The AWPA standard U-1 describes 2 Accoya wood use category designations and properties 3 typical applications. Accoya wood is suitable for Use Classes UC1 – 3 Transport and storage 13 UC4A in this standard. 4 Wood moisture content 15 Use category Service conditions Use environment Typical application 5 Processing 17 UC1 Interior, Interior construction Above Ground, Dry Continuously protected from weather or Interior construction and furnishings 6 Gluing 23 Dry other sources of moisture 7 Contact with UC2 Interior, Interior construction Above Ground, Damp Protected from weather, but may be Interior construction, sill plates other materials 27 Damp subject to sources of moisture Metals 28 UC3A Above Ground, Exterior construction Above Ground, Coated & rapid Exposed to all weather cycles, including Coated millwork, siding, trim Non-metals 30 Protected water runoff intermittent wetting 8 Weathering 33 UC3B Above Ground, Exterior construction Above Ground, Uncoated or poor Exposed to all weather cycles including Decking, railings, joists and beams Exposed water run-off. Excludes above ground applications with intermittent wetting but with suffcient air for decks and freshwater docks, fence 9 Coatings 41 ground contact type hazards. circulation so wood can readily dry pickets, uncoated millwork 10 Fire behaviour 48 UC4A Ground Contact, Ground Contact or Fresh Water Non-critical components Exposed to all weather cycles, including Sawn fence, deck and guardrail 11 Contact 51 General use (Includes above ground applications with ground contact prolonged wetting posts, joists and beams for decks and type hazards or that are critical or hard to replace) freshwater docks Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 9
CON T E N TS 2 Accoya wood properties technical data 1 Introduction 2 2.9 Dimensional stability MOVEMENT LEVELS FROM GREEN TO OVE N D RY CO N D I T I O N 2 Accoya wood comparison Typical characteristic values Wetting Warranty properties 3 Species Radial Tangential Maximum5 Accoya wood exhibits superior 3 Transport and storage 13 dimensional stability compared to Accoya 0.8% 1.6% 2.5% 4 Wood moisture other naturally durable species, in (Acetylated radiata pine)4 content 15 both radial as well as tangential Douglas fir¹ 4.8% 7.6% - 5 Processing 17 direction (table adjacent). Ipe1 6.6% 8.0% - 6 Gluing 23 This provides short and long term benefit. In the short term, Accoya Kebony3 1.4% 2.5% - 7 Contact with other materials 27 remains stable during processing. Meranti¹ 3.0% 6.6% - In the medium term, joinery remains Metals 28 stable and resists movement when Merbau¹ 2.7% 4.6% - Non-metals 30 environmental conditions fluctuate Radiata pine4 3.4% 7.9% - 8 Weathering 33 after installation. Sapele¹ 4.6% 7.4% - 9 Coatings 41 Further on in service, deck boards remain flat, stable around fixings Siberian larch2 4.0% 9.0% - 10 Fire behaviour 48 and with practically no splinters. Teak (Burmese FEQ)¹ 2.5% 5.8% - 11 Contact 51 Cladding boards and louvres retain their flush and smooth lines and Thermally modified ash3 2.3% 4.0% - coated products benefit from the Western red cedar1 2.4% 5.0% - board stability placing less stress on the coating and leading to ¹ Wood Handbook, USDA Forest Products Laboratory. Green to Oven Dry measurements requiring earlier maintenance. ² Rosenfeld Kidson – Species Fact Sheet Larix sibirica 3 Internal testing Accsys 4 Dimensional stability of Accoya wood under different moisture conditions, SHR Report 6.322 5 Accoya wood - Certificate of Warranty Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 10
CON T E N TS 2 Accoya wood properties technical data 1 Introduction 2 2.10 Expansion and Species Characteristic values Wetting Warranty 2 Accoya wood Contraction Radial sawn (inch/mm) Tangential sawn (inch/mm) Maximum (inch/mm) properties 3 The adjacent table shows average Accoya 0.04 / 1.0 0.09 / 2.2 0.14 / 3.6 3 Transport and storage 13 (Acetylated radiata pine) movement from green (soaked) to 4 Wood moisture oven dry boards of 5 3/4” or 145mm Douglas fir 0.27 / 7.0 0.43 / 11.0 - content 15 width. Accoya wood’s enhanced dimensional stability often allows Ipe 0.38 / 9.6 0.46 / 11.6 - 5 Processing 17 for: Kebony 0.08 / 2.0 0.14 / 3.6 - 6 Gluing 23 • Greater widths on cladding Meranti 0.17 / 4.4 0.38 / 9.6 - 7 Contact with other materials 27 without excessive cupping Merbau 0.15 / 3.9 0.26 / 6.7 - Metals 28 • Narrower gaps between Radiata pine 0.19 / 4.9 0.45 / 11.5 - Non-metals 30 deck boards Sapele 0.25 / 6.4 0.42 / 10.7 - 8 Weathering 33 • Gaps between deck boards not closing up when soaked Siberian larch 0.23 / 5.8 0.51 / 13.1 - 9 Coatings 41 in winter months. Teak (Burmese FEQ) 0.14 / 3.6 0.33 / 8.4 - 10 Fire behaviour 48 It is however still necessary Thermally modified ash 0.13 / 3.3 0.23 / 5.8 - 11 Contact 51 to take into account the expected Western red cedar 0.14 / 3.5 0.29 / 7.3 - expansion in installing Accoya products. Tangential or flat sawn Quarter or radial sawn Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 11
CON T E N TS 2 Accoya wood properties technical data 1 Introduction 2 2.11 Design and allowance 2.12 Slip resistance • If decking boards are coated, stains are more suitable in 2 Accoya wood for expansion The slip resistance of all wooden properties 3 terms of slip resistance than Accoya wood is extremely (decking) boards and many other oils, although that is heavily 3 Transport and storage 13 materials depends on factors such dimensionally stable but this does dependent on the particular 4 Wood moisture not mean it is completely inert. as degree of weathering, surface coating system and the cleaning content 15 Changes in humidity can cause profiling, coating, wetness of the maintenance. slight changes in its dimensions and boards and maintenance – i.e. the 5 Processing 17 these should be taken into account presence of a biofilm of bacteria, • Smooth surfaces have a higher 6 Gluing 23 for product design and installation. fungi and algae. Test methods coefficient of sliding friction In extreme conditions the movement vary greatly across the world (even compared to grooved surfaces, 7 Contact with other materials 27 tolerances in section 2.10 should throughout Europe) and only a few and are therefore less slippery. be allowed. Installation guides countries have official requirements Metals 28 Generally speaking, the results that cover dimensional stability covering the slip resistance of Non-metals 30 flooring surfaces. for Accoya wood when tested by considerations for common wood 8 Weathering 33 these methods are comparable to products should be more than The most common slip resistance unmodified wood species with the 9 Coatings 41 sufficient for Accoya wood. measures express results on new same surface specifics (including 10 Fire behaviour 48 The Accoya Lumber Grade Guide boards in wet and dry condition: dimensions, profile details, surface lists the maximum allowable finish and the presence of a 11 Contact 51 • Most dry timber decking boards lubricant and/or biofilm). shape tolerance for delivered can be considered as sufficiently sawn Accoya planks. Accoya’s slip resistant. dimensional stability does ensure it can resist distortion in all but • When wet, the slip resistance the most severe applications. of decking boards is decreased Traditional approaches such by approximately 35% as engineered component in comparison with dry development may not be required circumstances and are therefore but will improve performance in considered more slippery. particularly severe applications Designing for easy water run- such as oversize doors coated off and ventilation beneath the black. For more specific information boards are therefore important. on dimensional stability values and A shaded location will also affect distortion risk, please contact your the time for the boards to dry out. local Accsys sales representative. Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 12
CON T E N TS 3 TRANSPORT AND STORAGE 1 Introduction 2 3.1 Accoya wood packages 3.2 Transport 2 Accoya wood All Accoya wood undergoes In order to prevent damage, properties 3 inspection before leaving the products made of Accoya should 3 Transport and storage 13 plant. Accoya wood is strapped be carefully transported. Protection 4 Wood moisture with banding straps into standard of joints, frame corners, projecting content 15 labelled packages, each with a profiles (cills) and hardware is unique number. The packages are especially important. To prevent 5 Processing 17 covered with paper wrapping for water uptake during transport, 6 Gluing 23 dust protection – the wrapping storage and at the building site, is not water resistant. Accsys it is strongly recommended that 7 Contact with other materials 27 supplies Accoya wood in rough Accoya and Accoya products are sawn dimensions in dry condition stored under cover or covered Metals 28 and ready for use (wood moisture in suitable, breathable and Non-metals 30 content
CON T E N TS 3 TRANSPORT AND STORAGE 1 Introduction 2 3.3 Storage As with other wood species, with each board is printed at one 2 Accoya wood storage at the building site should end of the board’s sawn surface. Accoya wood that needs further be a minimum of 10cm above properties 3 processing, gluing or coating concrete flooring and 30cm above Batch number should be recorded 3 Transport and storage 13 should be carefully stored as part of a manufacturer’s (unpaved) ground. Additional 4 Wood moisture (preferably horizontally), in closed protection from rain is strongly production record-keeping per content 15 and well ventilated sheds to recommended but sufficient job. In case of doubt, Accsys will prevent water/moisture uptake. ventilation underneath the sheets is verify the product’s authenticity. 5 Processing 17 Please see section 4 for more required to prevent surface moulds. In addition, Accoya wood can 6 Gluing 23 details on determining whether generally be traced through the Accoya wood has absorbed When storing bundles of (rough) supply channel by its packaging 7 Contact with other materials 27 excess water and for drying Accoya please note bearers need number. It is therefore imperative considerations. to be at least every 1.2m and in to retain all relevant documents. Metals 28 line with stickers in the bundle. This tracking is also needed if Non-metals 30 Accoya wood can be manufactured Any bundles stored on top of each you intend to offer products with into parts, even with long intervals other should have the bearers sustainable wood certification such 8 Weathering 33 before assembly. Unlike many and stickers aligned to ensure the as FSC. The packaging number 9 Coatings 41 wood species, changes in size, transfer of pressure does not cause is to be quoted in the case of any 10 Fire behaviour 48 straightness and shape of parts undue stress on the boards. Storing queries, complaints or warranty due to dimensional stability issues bundles of processed products claims. 11 Contact 51 are minimal, and thus it is typically (e.g. cladding boards) should be possible to pre-manufacture days’ horizontally on bearers at least 3.5 Information transfer worth of assembly versus having to every 800mm, with a minimum keep tight schedules between time It is important to inform the of 3. Again, bundles on top of of machining and assembly. Direct owner and third parties performing each other should have the exposure to water and changing installation that Accoya has been bearers aligned. climate (temperature and relative used in the manufacture of the humidity) should still be avoided. (end) product. Sections of this 3.4 Traceability Note that all freshly machined guide, such as proper storage surfaces have the best surface Accoya wood is primarily at the building site, appropriate energy and give best coating identified by its packaging labels, fasteners and fixtures to use and bonding results. which feature the Accoya logos. for final installation and related Additionally the batch number considerations, should be and grade (A1 and A2) associated communicated. Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 14
CON T E N TS 4 WOOD MOISTURE CONTENT 1 Introduction 2 Wood releases moisture in dry climates and absorbs moisture 2 Accoya wood in humid conditions. The moisture within wood takes two properties 3 forms; “free water”, which is contained in the cell cavities 3 Transport and storage 13 (or lumen), and “bound water”, which is contained in the 4 Wood moisture cell wall matrix. content 15 5 Processing 17 While Accoya wood in any It is therefore also important that in a sustained climate of 95% condition will have minimal buildings that introduce high levels relative humidity/20oC (70oF). 6 Gluing 23 bound water, which is what of water via the building materials As such, overseas shipping 7 Contact with accounts for many of its superior require careful management and regional/seasonal climate other materials 27 properties, it can still contain free to maintain a suitable climatic fluctuations can have an influence Metals 28 water (for example as a result environment and equilibrium. on moisture content. Non-metals 30 of not using effective end grain sealer in window manufacture or 4.1 Definition Typically, moisture gain or loss due 8 Weathering 33 in horizontal application). Final to fluctuating humidity occurs in In line with normal convention, the cell walls and is bound. More 9 Coatings 41 product quality can be harmed by wood moisture content, as excessive moisture gain through free water during manufacture; 10 Fire behaviour 48 expressed in this guide, is the mass soaking quickly fills the cell wall it is therefore essential that the of the water contained in wood, absorption limit and is deposited in 11 Contact 51 moisture content of the wood expressed as a percentage of the the cell wall cavity (fibre lumen) as is determined prior to further mass of absolutely dry wood. free water. processing such as gluing and coating if there is a suspicion that 4.2 Wood moisture content the boards have become wet prior Equilibrium moisture content at fluctuating relative humidity levels to the manufacturing step. Accsys dispatches Accoya wood in dry condition (wood moisture EMC during adsorption and desorption sequence [%] Cell cavity content
CON T E N TS 4 WOOD MOISTURE CONTENT 1 Introduction 2 4.3 Measuring for 4.4 Water absorption 2 Accoya wood excess water properties properties 3 The typical wood moisture End grain water absorption of 3 Transport and storage 13 content of Accoya wood cannot Accoya is particularly high due 4 Wood moisture be measured accurately with to the cell structure. Liquid water content 15 standard moisture meters prior to absorption can be deep and 5 Processing 17 processing because its moisture Accoya takes longer to dry out content is below the measuring than many species. If there has 6 Gluing 23 range. However, standard moisture been a risk of sustained wetting 7 Contact with meters may be used to determine prior to product manufacture, other materials 27 whether Accoya wood has an measurements for possible excess Metals 28 excess of “free water”. water should therefore be to the core of boards. Extra care should Non-metals 30 For pin-type (electric) moisture be taken in storage and effectively 8 Weathering 33 meters an Accoya setting is sealing end grain of coated wood, not available. For indicative which is discussed further in 9 Coatings 41 measurements either radiata pine section 9 on coatings. 10 Fire behaviour 48 or another pine setting may be chosen. For capacitive meters a Good design and fit for purpose 11 Contact 51 density setting of around 510 kg/ practices should be adopted in m3 should be used. A measurement Accoya use and application. The showing a moisture content of 8% potential for water ingress should or more may indicate the presence be considered and addressed of “free water” and the wood by employing good design and should be allowed to dry before assembly practices appropriate further processing, gluing to the location of the installation, or coating. such as should be employed when working with any timber. For PI N ME T E R example, avoid water traps such as horizontal surfaces, allow plenty of ventilation for cladding and decking and use a protective coating for external windows and doors. Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 16
CON T E N TS 5 PROCESSING 1 Introduction 2 Processing of Accoya wood does not affect its unique 2 Accoya wood properties, such as durability and dimensional stability, properties 3 as the wood is modified throughout the cross section to 3 Transport and storage 13 a uniform level and these properties are not leachable. 4 Wood moisture content 15 5 Processing 17 Accoya is easy to process and against a wide range of standards can be compared, in general, to a in many regions and have shown 6 Gluing 23 harder softwood species such as no issues. 7 Contact with yellow poplar (tulip wood). Accoya other materials 27 typically runs better through As with other wood species machines than softwoods such as with higher acid levels (for example Metals 28 Douglas fir, cedar and larch and oak and WRC), caution should Non-metals 30 much better than most durable be taken to prevent long term 8 Weathering 33 tropical hardwoods. exposure of wood machinery and exhaust systems to high moisture 9 Coatings 41 Special tools are not required for levels combined with dust and 10 Fire behaviour 48 standard operations such as cross shavings to prevent corrosion. cutting, ripping, planing, routing or Prior to machining the wood, 11 Contact 51 drilling. Depending on the required moisture content should be coating, sanding before finishing checked (section 4). A moisture is often not required, due to the content reading below 8% particularly smooth surfaces indicates suitability for processing. of Accoya after machining and Also note that the tracking number subsequent resistance to grain printed on the Accoya sawn boards raising from moisture pick up. (see section 3.4) should be recorded against the job sheet It should be noted that a light prior to processing. vinegar-like odour may become apparent when Accoya wood is processed. With proper suction / ventilation this can be reduced to a minimum. Health and safety tests have been successfully performed Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 17
CON T E N TS 5 PROCESSING 1 Introduction 2 5.1 Visual grades factors such as the amount of 2 Accoya wood resin in particular logs and boards. Accoya wood is a high Individual boards are spaced with properties 3 performance, all-natural solid small battens, typically leaving a 3 Transport and storage 13 wood and as such offers the lighter mark where they meet the 4 Wood moisture beauty, versatility and charm of board – known as sticker marks. content 15 the original wood species. Accoya is available in a range of different The acetylation process can 5 Processing 17 qualities. Consistent with the grade result in discoloration generally 6 Gluing 23 purchased, the timber may show up to 6mm in depth with sticker certain visual defects after being marks up to a similar depth, and 7 Contact with other materials 27 processed, which are not visible due to natural wood variation, on the sawn boards’ surfaces as occasionally deeper. Removal Metals 28 graded. The boards are sold on of this surface discolouration is Non-metals 30 the basis of defects visible on the not required when using opaque 8 Weathering 33 sawn boards. Defects arising after coatings or for parts that will processing might include internal not be visible. Discolouration 9 Coatings 41 D I SCO LO U RAT I O N : RO U G H BOA R D, A F T E R SU R FAC I N G 3MM cracks, internal resin pockets and and sticker marks visible on A N D A F T E R SU R FAC I N G 6MM FRO M RO U G H 10 Fire behaviour 48 movement. For more information surfaced, non coated product on grade names and definitions for applications or translucent stain 11 Contact 51 Accoya radiata pine, please see coated applications will fade over 6mm the Lumber Grading Specifications, the course of days and months available on www.accoya.com. proportionate to the level of UV 25mm 18mm exposure. Discolouration can be 5.2 Discolouration more apparent once the wood is 1mm Accoya boards have a discoloured wet or translucent coated. zone around the perimeter. Wood As an example the drawing to the resins move from the core of the right shows a 18mm thick cladding wood to outer zone during kiln board produced from 25mm drying. These resins are then Accoya by setting the bottom knife solubilised and darkened during to remove 1mm from the back side the acetylation process which and 6mm (plus any over thickness) causes discolouration in this from the top side. outer zone. The level and depth of discolouration depends on Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 18
CON T E N TS 5 PROCESSING 1 Introduction 2 5.3 Changed properties • Accoya wood has an outer zone marks during processing and to 2 Accoya wood of discolouration which should avoid contact with products that Due to the acetylation process, be considered in profiling. will contaminate the surface, such properties 3 a number of wood properties Please see section 5.2. as oil, lubricant or rust, particularly 3 Transport and storage 13 have been altered that are of if the wood is to be coated or glued, 4 Wood moisture importance for machining • Please reference section 5.2 as this can affect appearance content 15 of Accoya wood: on discolouration when setting and compatibility. up for profiling to achieve the 5 Processing 17 • The Janka and Brinell hardness best result. Accoya wood has a low wood 6 Gluing 23 increases from the original wood moisture content and shavings used to produce Accoya (refer to For further guidance and detailed are fine and may become 7 Contact with section 2 for ratings). As a guide, information please contact your other materials 27 electrostatically loaded due to Accoya wood is more comparable local Accsys sales representative friction caused from machining. Metals 28 in machining to species like yellow and consider arranging an Accoya This can lead to impressions of Non-metals 30 poplar/tulip wood. Manufacturer Training Programme shavings if the exhaust system has 8 Weathering 33 session at your workshop. too low capacity and/or a large • Since the moisture content of Accoya is generally below section of the wood is profiled 9 Coatings 41 5.4 Sawing, planing in one run. Solutions include 5%, this can make some of the 10 Fire behaviour 48 material a little more brittle than and profiling increasing the blade rotation unacetylated wood. velocity (rpm), improving the 11 Contact 51 Accoya wood is easy to cut in any exhaust/extraction system, using direction. Skilful sawing will give a • Density has increased (avg. antifriction lubricants or otherwise smooth appearance with very few 515 kg/m³) as compared to reducing static energy at the rotary flaws. Standard techniques such unacetylated radiata pine. blades. as using back boards can be used • Internal stress within the wood when very fine results are desired. Despite Accoya wood’s improved is reduced by the process. This properties, boards may harbour Accoya wood is easily planed eases the process of ‘working’ tension and flaws internally, similar to a very smooth surface finish. the timber compared to to other comparable wood species. Special tools are not required. It untreated radiata pine and many is important to avoid machining cont on page 20... other wood types used for exterior use. Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 19
CON T E N TS 5 PROCESSING 1 Introduction 2 These typical wood guidelines also 2 Accoya wood apply to Accoya wood: properties 3 • Similar to other wood species, 3 Transport and storage 13 re-sawing, ripping or heavily 4 Wood moisture planing Accoya boards can content 15 reveal stresses created during drying and processing. Ripping 5 Processing 17 to create thinner boards is not 6 Gluing 23 recommended with boards having an original thicknesses 7 Contact with other materials 27 of more than 38mm and should be approached cautiously in Metals 28 all instances. Please consult Non-metals 30 your Accsys sales manager for 8 Weathering 33 guidance on specific situations or variations. • W hen planing Accoya wood • To attain the highest surface 9 Coatings 41 ensure that knives are aligned finish quality on Accoya wood, 10 Fire behaviour 48 • Checks and resin pockets can correctly and are sharp. If it is best you contact your appear, especially after heavy working with multiple species machine and tooling provider for 11 Contact 51 planing or re-sawing. and knives that are rapidly optimum feed and cutter speed dulled, it is advised to machine settings advice. When machining • Although the Accoya wood Accoya wood first before the Accoya wood for the first time process relieves a lot of the other species. it is best to produce some test stresses that can cause runs to establish the appropriate distortion, normal selection • Due to the smooth Accoya parameters for a particular processes still apply for reducing surface after planing all machine and set up. the chances of change beyond cutter marks may be more acceptable limits. Thus, for defined and show through the • The in-feed rollers can be critical parts and for deep coating. Special care is needed aluminium but the out feed milling, wood pieces with and feed speeds should be rollers of equipment should pronounced slope of grain, adjusted accordingly. A feed preferably be rubber to prevent irregular growth rings and speed comparable to durable surface damage. similar issues should be avoided hardwoods is common while or used in more tolerant areas. experience is developed. Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 20
CON T E N TS 5 PROCESSING 1 Introduction 2 5.5 Drilling 5.6 Sanding 2 Accoya wood Accoya wood drills in a manner Sanding Accoya wood presents no properties 3 and quality consistent with most challenges. Experience from Accsys 3 Transport and storage 13 softwoods. For deep drilling, care manufacturing customers over the 4 Wood moisture may be needed to remove debris, years has shown that it is often not content 15 given the fine smaller shavings that necessary to sand Accoya wood are produced by Accoya wood. For between coats of water based 5 Processing 17 dowel connections it is important coatings since fibres scarcely 6 Gluing 23 that the diameter of the drill is no ‘bloom’ or roughen the surface after smaller than the diameter of the moisture absorbance. Nevertheless, 7 Contact with other materials 27 plug to prevent splitting. advice should be taken from your coatings partner on good process Metals 28 Best practice for wedges for door detail, as poor practice may result Non-metals 30 construction is to make sure the in reduced surface aesthetics. dimensions of rebate and wedge 8 Weathering 33 are sufficiently large, the wedge is When sanding of the wood 9 Coatings 41 flattened rather than pointed and surface is required, a belt sander 10 Fire behaviour 48 care should be taken in installing: with a 120 grit pad will give good a series of taps will avoid splitting. coating quality results. Orbital palm 11 Contact 51 See section 6.3 for additional sanders may create a “washboard” details. effect as the soft pad will sink in and erode the softer summerwood, leaving the denser winterwood high. Avoid this type of machinery D O O R WE D G ES or make sure the sander has a hard and rigid base (no Velcro type fixing of the pad). Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 21
CON T E N TS 5 PROCESSING 1 Introduction 2 5.7 Fasteners is recommended. This model components to achieve optimal 2 Accoya wood largely follows the guidelines of product service life. Further it is Accoya wood can be fixed in the the popular Cradle to CradleTM recommended to design in such properties 3 same way as other commonly (C2C) philosophy to close biological a manner that product or material 3 Transport and storage 13 used softwood species and the and technological cycles as far as re-use is facilitated, as the service 4 Wood moisture same general rules regarding possible and re-use materials. life of Accoya wood might be content 15 pre-drilling, countersinking and The model consists of the following exceeding the (economical) service keeping sufficient distance from possible waste management life of the product. 5 Processing 17 the edges should be applied. Like scenarios in which prevention is 6 Gluing 23 most durable woods, Accoya the most desirable option and If this is not possible, it is contains a small amount of acid. It dumping is the least. recommended that Accoya wood 7 Contact with other materials 27 is therefore strongly recommended is used for energy production that corrosion resistant fixings, • Avoiding waste through incineration. The Metals 28 such as high quality stainless steel, • Designing products that German wood research institute Non-metals 30 are used. For further information integrate waste avoidance and Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut (wki) 8 Weathering 33 on stainless steel and other metal re-use at the end of their life has confirmed that Accoya wood options, please refer to section 7. • Re-use of the product may be incinerated for energy 9 Coatings 41 • Re-use of the material production in the same manner 10 Fire behaviour 48 5.8 Waste wood and • Use for energy production as untreated wood. 11 Contact 51 end-of-life considerations (incineration) • Burning The last resort should be Accoya wood waste can be composting where Accoya wood • Dumping handled in the same way as can be handled in the same way untreated wood. Accoya wood Since Accoya wood has a long as untreated wood. Please bear is non toxic and does not require service life, it is often the proper in mind that the decomposition any special disposal considerations. selection and maintenance of other process will be longer than for Given its long life, multiple components that now become untreated wood because of applications and non toxicity, the critical success factors. It is Accoya wood’s resistance to Accoya wood is suited for therefore recommended integrating biological degradation. re-use and recycling. Accoya wood’s performance into the overall design strategy of a In the end-of-life phase, the product, and apply an appropriate adoption of the “preferential maintenance interval for coatings sequence for waste management” and other finished product Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 22
CON T E N TS 6 gluing 1 Introduction 2 As with all wood species, the optimal glue choice will depend 2 Accoya wood on the application and the required performance of the glue properties 3 bond. Accoya wood has been tested with various types of 3 Transport and storage 13 adhesives for many applications. 4 Wood moisture content 15 In general, Accoya wood can 5 Processing 17 be glued using most commonly 6 Gluing 23 used wood adhesive systems. Particularly good results are 7 Contact with other materials 27 obtained with polyurethane (PU), Metals 28 emulsion poly isocyanate (EPI), epoxy and phenol resorcinol Non-metals 30 formaldehyde (PRF) adhesives. 8 Weathering 33 The results of gluing with polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) improve with longer 9 Coatings 41 clamp times but it should not be 10 Fire behaviour 48 solely relied on for strong joints. Melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) 11 Contact 51 should be avoided. When gluing Accoya wood it is strongly recommended to test first and if needed contact your adhesive supplier(s) as they have in-depth knowledge of the gluing process and their adhesives. Use should always be in line with best practice, design and performance specific demands. Gluing Accoya and products offered by adhesive system partners is part of the Accoya Approved Manufacturer training programme. Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 23
CON T E N TS 6 gluing 1 Introduction 2 6.1 Changed properties as a catalyst and those consisting • With water based adhesives, 2 Accoya wood of two or more components that possibly increase the clamp time Comprehensive testing has shown could migrate differently may or press time to allow the water properties 3 that Accoya wood has good gluing have weaker bonds. to be absorbed and the adhesive 3 Transport and storage 13 properties. However, it is imperative to produce adequate green 4 Wood moisture that the product’s modified For further information about the strength to bond the Accoya content 15 properties are taken into account. moisture content of Accoya wood, wood pieces. This is of particular importance please refer to section 4. 5 Processing 17 because common wood adhesives • The applied pressure during 6 Gluing 23 (PVAc, EPI, PU, PRF) either harden Aspects that require extra attention gluing should be adapted to the on contact with moisture or part of for the effective gluing of Accoya strength of Accoya wood, as 7 Contact with wood are detailed hereafter. The other materials 27 the water content of the adhesive should the temperature if heat needs to be absorbed by the wood. presence of a low amount of acetic is applied. Accoya wood should Metals 28 acid in Accoya wood, as with many be treated as moderately hard Non-metals 30 The acetylation process other durable woods, can affect the softwood in this context. substantially reduces the ability of adhesive, especially acid catalysed 8 Weathering 33 the wood to swell. This can impact adhesives and adhesives with a • The curing time and the best 9 Coatings 41 properties such as the ability of large amount of alkaline additives. curing conditions. 10 Fire behaviour 48 joints to ‘self-clamp’. Another effect is that the equilibrium 6.2 Optimising the adhesion • The properties of glued and 11 Contact 51 moisture content of Accoya finished product should be fit process wood is substantially lower than for purpose. untreated wood in the same It is highly recommended that you climatic conditions. While this consult your adhesive supplier in makes Accoya wood dimensionally order to obtain the best results for stable, it can mean that absorption gluing Accoya wood. Points properties of the adhesive into the to consider include: Accoya wood are different due • The quantity of adhesive to to the hydrophobic nature of the be applied should, if possible, wood surface, especially during the be even on both sides in first few minutes after the adhesive accordance with the adhesive is applied to the surface of Accoya manufacturer’s instructions. wood. Adhesives that require water Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 24
CON T E N TS 6 gluing 1 Introduction 2 6.3 Joints 6.4 Finger jointing 2 Accoya wood It is strongly advised that any Good results have been achieved properties 3 end-grain that will be exposed with EPI, PRF and PU. Special care 3 Transport and storage 13 be sufficiently sealed using a is required in producing the fingers. 4 Wood moisture suitable product as recommended Sharp, damage free knives need content 15 by the supplier. This is particularly to be used to ensure high quality critical for joinery. For a long lasting fingers as blunt knives can result 5 Processing 17 result, the importance of a proper in “broken” fingers. 6 Gluing 23 frame corner joint is emphasized. Despite the improved durability Due to the short-term 7 Contact with hydrophobicity of the Accoya other materials 27 and dimensional stability of Accoya wood, it is still important to make wood surface and dimensional Metals 28 stability of the Accoya fingers the frame corner joint connection Non-metals 30 watertight to avoid possible paint (reducing the self clamping benefit performance problems and after adhesive application), it 8 Weathering 33 other damage. might be necessary to increase 9 Coatings 41 pressing time and curing time. 10 Fire behaviour 48 Dowels, biscuits and similar Press pressures should be devices, if not made from Accoya adjusted to softwoods or to the 11 Contact 51 wood, may swell (much) more specific settings recommended than Accoya wood. Plastic dowels by the adhesive supplier. graded to the application may be used as an alternative to wooden 6.5 Laminating pressure because Accoya wood is dowels. For dowel connections it smoother and may expel adhesives Good results can be achieved is important that the diameter of from the gluing surface. Take with PU (both 1 and 2 component the drill is exactly the same as advice from your adhesive supplier types), PRF and EPI. The best the diameter of the plug. This is on best practice for surface results are obtained with structural to prevent splitting of the ends. preparation (roughening) before PU and PRF adhesives and only laminating. Adhesive may also these types should be used in require more time to penetrate the uncoated use or applications which surface of the Accoya wood. will be subject to regular wetting. It is important to work on a flat cont on page 26... surface and not apply excessive Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 25
CON T E N TS 6 gluing 1 Introduction 2 Due to the high dimensional Whilst EN14080:2013 suggests 2 Accoya wood stability of Accoya wood, the that the durability of glued properties 3 annual ring orientation and the laminated products shall be taken amount of balancing of layers as the natural durability according 3 Transport and storage 13 is of less importance. to EN 350-2 of the timber from 4 Wood moisture which they are made, and therefore content 15 6.6 Best practice in design DC1 with Accoya, professional 5 Processing 17 of structural laminate bodies such as the Structural Timber Association (STA) in the UK 6 Gluing 23 The physical and chemical changes consider the use of well-maintained associated with acetylation, can water-repellent stain finishes 6.7 Best practice • Protecting end grain 7 Contact with other materials 27 affect the curing process of the glue together with rain screening and line. In particular adhesives which in designing • Orienting lamella to achieve Metals 28 other protection measures as require moisture for hardening can essential when used in Glulam for moisture vertical grain on surfaces to Non-metals 30 mimimise checking and water be affected by the particularly low applications, and therefore the management in 8 Weathering 33 moisture content of Accoya. ingress points Accoya Warranty will only apply glulam beams 9 Coatings 41 to Glulam applications where this includes: • A robust adhesive to Testing has so far been undertaken guidance and moisture exclusion prevent delamination and 10 Fire behaviour 48 on Accoya wood by Dynea and is achieved and maintained. moisture ingress Henkel, in accordance with EN301 11 Contact 51 and EN 302-1 (PRF adhesives) Please contact your Accsys • Regular inspection for or EN 15425 (PU adhesives), to sales manager for best practice identification and repair confirm that their adhesives are guidelines related to structural of splits or delamination suitable for structural bonding of laminate design and maintenance. Accoya. It may be possible to • A maintained, film use other adhesives, but these forming coating would need to be confirmed by the relevant manufacturers. • Drainage, particularly on horizontal surfaces and ventilation. Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 26
CON T E N TS 7 CONTACT WITH OTHER MATERIALS METALS 1 Introduction 2 All wood contains organic acids, although the quantity 2 Accoya wood varies by species. In moist conditions, these organic acids properties 3 contribute to the corrosion of metal fasteners used in wood. 3 Transport and storage 13 Accoya wood has comparable acid levels to many other 4 Wood moisture durable species such as oak and western red cedar. In wet content 15 circumstances, the Accoya wood will have a pH in the range 5 Processing 17 of 4 – 5.5. For a list of system suppliers in your region, please 6 Gluing 23 visit the More about Accoya / System Suppliers section of our 7 Contact with website www.accoya.com other materials 27 Metals 28 Tests have shown that base metals species such as oak and western Non-metals 30 and galvanized metals that are red cedar should be adopted. 8 Weathering 33 in direct or indirect contact with wood containing acids will corrode Indirect contact issues can occur in 9 Coatings 41 in damp climatic conditions. It is non-ventilated high humidity areas therefore strongly recommended with a high risk of condensation (for 10 Fire behaviour 48 that high quality stainless steel, example lock rebates, swimming 11 Contact 51 corrosion resistant aluminium pool enclosures, bathrooms). High or naval brass products be used quality hardware and/or corrosion in areas exposed to moisture or avoiding techniques described condensation. When stainless further on in this section should steel, corrosion resistant aluminium be considered for these areas. As or naval brass is not available it is with any installation, pit or galvanic important to take precautions using corrosion must also be avoided by lesser grade metals. The metal using fasteners that are compatible and/or the Accoya wood should be with the metals used in hinges, coated or otherwise separated to locks and other hardware. avoid direct contact between the Please consult your fixings supplier wood and these metals. Similar to avoid any issues. good practices that are commonly used in the industry for reference Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 27
CON T E N TS 7 CONTACT WITH OTHER MATERIALS METALS 1 Introduction 2 7.1 Stainless steel 7.2 Naval brass and 7.3 Coated hardware 2 Accoya wood The use of corrosion-resistant aluminium When stainless steel fixtures or properties 3 stainless steel fasteners and Corrosion testing on naval brass other corrosion resistant metals 3 Transport and storage 13 fixtures that conform to EN are not available, coated fixtures (brass containing tin) and higher 4 Wood moisture 10088-1 is recommended, such quality aluminium products show (such as with epoxy, lacquer, content 15 as widely used 1.4301 (A2) or that these metals are highly polyurethane or powder coating) 1.4401 (A4) quality stainless corrosion resistant in direct can be considered for those 5 Processing 17 steel. The A4 quality should be contact with Accoya and may be locations where moisture and 6 Gluing 23 used in particularly challenging considered as well. condensation exposure risk is environments, such as in coastal low (for example the dry side of 7 Contact with other materials 27 regions or near highly polluted For example the following windows and doors). Damage industrial zones. An international aluminium grades performed to the coating during installation Metals 28 comparison of grade specifications well in internal testing: 3003, should be prevented to reduce Non-metals 30 is shown in the table below. 6005, 6060 and 6063. Accsys risk of corrosion. For example, 8 Weathering 33 anticipate the following grades by predrilling for fasteners. These comparisons are will also perform well: 6061, 5154, 9 Coatings 41 approximate only since exact It should be noted that the 5052, 3052 and 1100, since they 10 Fire behaviour 48 properties vary by standard. The are commonly used in industrial performance of coated fixtures list is intended as an example manufacture and transport of varies, and no particular standard 11 Contact 51 of commonly available highly that can be cited. acetic acid. corrosion resistant stainless steel fasteners known to work well S TA I N L E S S S T E E L G R A D E S P E C I F I C AT I O N S with Accoya. Many other grades of stainless steel exist, of which USA UNS Old EN Euronorm Name ISO French Swedish Japanese many are also highly corrosion No British No 3506 AFNOR SS JIS resistant, but it is best to work with BS your supplier to understand the 304 S30400 304S31 58E 1.4301 X5CrNi 18-10 A2 Z 6 CN 18 09 2332 SUS 304 compatibility of these other grades 304L S30403 304S11 - 1.4306 X2CrNi 19-11 - Z 2 CN 18 10 2352 SUS 304L with Accoya wood. 3016 S31600 316S31 58H, 58J 1.4401 X5CrNiMo 17-12-2 A4 Z 6 CND 17.11 2347 SUS 316 316L S31603 316S11 - 1.4404 X2CrNiMo 17-13-2 - Z 2 CND 18.13 2348 SUS 316L Accoya® Wood Information Guide | V3.9 | 2020 28
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