Waste Assessment 2018 - Prepared by South Waikato District Council XXXXX 2018
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Waste Assessment 2018 Prepared by South Waikato District Council XXXXX 2018 iii DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL WASTE ASSESSMENT
Prepared by: Mick Jones, Engineer/ Consultant Andrew Pascoe, Services Manager, South Waikato District Council Approved by: Ted Anderson, Group Manager, Assets, South Waikato District Council Contact Details Mick Jones micknita@xtra.co.nz 07 886 8658 Andrew Pascoe andrew.Pascoe@southwaikato.govt.nz 07 885 0764 Preface to the Waste Management and Minimisation Plan (WMMP18) The WMMP18 is a technical document. The key purpose of the WMMP18 is to present as clear a picture as possible of what happens with waste in the Territorial Area, an assessment of the waste industry in our District, the key issues to consider, and the basic options for addressing those issues over the next six years.
Contents
1.0 Introduction ........................................................................................... 9
1.1 Purpose of the Waste Assessment ............................................................ 9
1.2 Legislative Context .................................................................................... 9
1.3 Scope ...................................................................................................... 10
1.3.1 General .............................................................................................. 10
1.3.2 Period of Waste Assessment ............................................................. 10
1.3.3 Consideration of Solid, Liquid and Gaseous Wastes ......................... 10
1.3.4 Public Health Issues .......................................................................... 11
1.4 Strategic Context ..................................................................................... 12
1.4.1 New Zealand Waste Strategy ............................................................ 12
1.4.2 International Commitments ................................................................ 12
1.4.3 National Projects................................................................................ 13
1.5 Local and Regional Planning Context ...................................................... 13
1.5.1 Long Term Plan ................................................................................. 13
1.5.2 Regional Council Plans ...................................................................... 14
2.0 Waikato Region ................................................................................... 15
2.1 Overview .................................................................................................. 15
3.0 Our District .......................................................................................... 16
3.1.1 Demographics.................................................................................... 16
3.1.2 2013 Census...................................................................................... 17
4.0 Waste Infrastructure ........................................................................... 18
4.1 Disposal Facilities .................................................................................... 19
4.1.1 Class 1 Landfills................................................................................. 19
4.1.2 Transfer Stations ............................................................................... 21
4.1.3 Closed Landfills ................................................................................. 22
4.1.4 Class 2-4 Landfills ............................................................................. 22
4.1.5 Assessment of Residual Waste Management Infrastructure ............. 23
4.2 Hazardous Waste Facilities and Services ................................................ 23
v DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL
WASTE ASSESSMENT
4.3 SW Recycling and processing Facilities .................................................. 25
4.5 Assessment of Municipal Recycling and Reprocessing Facilities ......... 27
5.0 Waste Services ................................................................................... 28
5.1 Council-provided Waste Services ............................................................ 28
5.1.1 Council-contracted Collection Services ............................................. 28
5.1.2 Other Council Services ...................................................................... 29
5.1.3 Waste Education and Minimisation Programmes .............................. 30
5.1.4 Solid Waste Bylaws ........................................................................... 30
5.1.5 Litter Control and Enforcement .......................................................... 30
5.1.6 Public Litter Bins ................................................................................ 30
5.1.7 Abandoned Vehicles .......................................................................... 31
5.1.8 Street Cleansing ................................................................................ 31
5.1.9 Stream, Lake, Park Cleaning ............................................................. 31
5.1.10 Rural and Farm Waste .................................................................... 31
5.1.11 Hazardous Waste ........................................................................... 32
5.2 Assessment of Council-provided Solid Waste Services ........................... 32
5.3 Funding for Council-provided Services .................................................... 33
5.4 Non-Council Services .............................................................................. 33
5.4.1 Assessment of Non-Council Services ................................................ 34
6.0 Situation Review ................................................................................. 35
6.1 Waste to Class 1-4 Landfills .................................................................... 35
6.1.1 Definitions Used in this Section ......................................................... 35
6.2 Overview of Waste to Class 1-4 Landfills ................................................ 35
6.3 Waste Quantities ..................................................................................... 35
6.3.1 Waste to Class 1 Landfills ................................................................. 35
6.3.2 Other Waste Disposed of to Land ...................................................... 36
6.4 Composition of Waste to Class 1 Landfills ............................................... 37
6.5 Activity Source of Waste .......................................................................... 38
6.6 Diverted Materials .................................................................................... 39
6.6.1 Overview of Diverted Materials .......................................................... 39
6.6.2 Kerbside Recycling and Drop-Off Facilities ..................................................... 39
6.6.3 Composition of Kerbside Recycling................................................................. 40
6.6.4 Diversion of Organic Waste ............................................................................ 40
7.0 Performance Measurement ........................................................................ 42
7.1 Current Performance Measurement .................................................................... 42
7.1.1 Per Capita Waste to Class 1 Landfills ............................................................. 42
7.1.2 Per Capita Domestic Kerbside Refuse to Class 1 Landfills .............................. 44
7.1.3 Per Capita Kerbside Recycling ........................................................................ 45
7.1.4 Comparison of Activity Source of Waste to Class 1 Landfills ......................... 47
7.1.5 Council Bag Share of Domestic Kerbside Refuse Market ............................... 47
7.1.6 Diversion Potential of Waste to Class 1 Landfills ........................................... 47
8.0 Future Demand and Gap Analysis ............................................................... 48
8.1 Future Demand ..................................................................................................... 48
8.1.1 Population forecast for South Waikato District. ............................................ 48
8.1.2 Economic Activity ........................................................................................... 48
8.1.3 Changes in Lifestyle and Consumption ........................................................... 49
8.1.4 Changes in Waste Management Approaches ................................................ 49
8.1.5 Summary of Demand Factors ......................................................................... 50
8.1.6 Projections of Future Demand ........................................................................ 50
8.2 Future Demand – Gap Analysis ............................................................................. 50
8.2.1 Waste Streams ............................................................................................... 50
8.2.2 Hazardous Wastes .......................................................................................... 51
9.0 Initial Review of the Waste Management and Minimisation Plan 2012 - 2017
52
9.1 Data ....................................................................................................................... 52
9.2 Key Issues from the WMMP ................................................................................. 52
9.3 Other Issues Not Addressed ................................................................................. 52
9.4 New Guidance ....................................................................................................... 52
9.5 Actions................................................................................................................... 52
9.6 Implementation Plan ............................................................................................ 53
9.7 Progress................................................................................................................. 53
10.0 Statement of Options ................................................................................. 53
10.1 Key Issues to Be Addressed by WMMP ............................................................. 53
10.2 Summary Table of Potential Scenarios .............................................................. 54
vii DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL
WASTE ASSESSMENT
A.1.0 Medical Officer of Health Statement ........................................................... 56 A.2.0 Glossary of Terms ....................................................................................... 59 A.4.0 National Legislative and Policy Context ............................................................ 65 A.4.1 The New Zealand Waste Strategy 2010 ..................................................... 65 A.4.2 Waste Minimisation Act 2008 ........................................................................... 65 A.4.3 Waste Levy ....................................................................................................... 67 A.4.4 Product Stewardship ........................................................................................ 67 A.4.5 Waste Minimisation Fund ................................................................................ 68 A.4.6 Local Government Act 2002 .............................................................................. 69 A.4.7 Resource Management Act 1991 ...................................................................... 69 A.4.8 New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme ........................................................... 70 A.4.9 Litter Act 1979 ................................................................................................. 72 A.4.10 Health Act 1956 .............................................................................................. 73 A.4.11 Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 (HSNO Act) .................... 73 A.4.12 Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 .............................................................. 74 A.4.13 Other legislation ............................................................................................ 74 A.4.14 International commitments ............................................................................ 75 5.0 Tangata Whenua Policy guidelines ...................................................................... 76
1.0 Introduction
The Waste Management and Minimisation Plan has been prepared by South
Waikato District Council (Council) in accordance with the requirements of the
Waste Minimisation Act 2008 (WMA).
1.1 Purpose of the Waste Assessment
This Waste Assessment provides the information necessary to identify key issues
and priority actions to be included in the WMMP.
Section 51 of the Waste Minimisation Act 2008 (WMA) outlines the requirements
of a waste assessment, which must include:
a description of the collection, recycling, recovery, treatment, and disposal
services provided within the territorial authority’s district
a forecast of future demands
a statement of options
a statement of the territorial authority’s intended role in meeting demands
a statement of the territorial authority’s proposals for meeting the forecast
demands
a statement about the extent to which the proposals will protect public
health, and promote effective and efficient waste management and
minimisation.
1.2 Legislative Context
The principal solid waste legislation in New Zealand is the Waste Minimisation
Act 2008 (WMA). The purpose of the WMA is to:
“encourage waste minimisation and a decrease in waste disposal in order
to
(a) protect the environment from harm; and
(b) provide environmental, social, economic, and cultural benefits."
The WMA requires Territorial Authorities (TAs) to promote effective and efficient
waste management and minimisation within their district through adoption of a
WMMP.
TA’s must complete a formal review of its WMMP at least every six years. The
review must be prepared in accordance with the WMA. The Council’s existing
Waste Assessment was written by Consultants in April 2011, and the WMMP was
adopted on 9 December 2012.
Further detail on key waste-related legislation is contained in Appendix 3.0.
9 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL
WASTE ASSESSMENT1.3 Scope
1.3.1 General
The Waste Assessment provides a foundation that will enable Council to update
its WMMP in an informed and effective manner. In preparing this document,
reference has been made to the Ministry for the Environment’s ‘Waste
Management and Minimisation Planning: Guidance for Territorial Authorities’1.
The New Zealand Waste Strategy 2010 makes clear that TAs have a statutory
obligation (under the WMA) to promote effective and efficient waste management
and minimisation in their district. This applies to all waste and materials flows in
the District, not just those controlled by councils.
This Waste Assessment must take into consideration all waste and recycling
services carried out by private waste operators as well as the Council’s own
services. While the Council has reliable data on the waste flows that it controls,
data on those services provided by private industry is limited.
1.3.2 Period of Waste Assessment
WMMPs are to be reviewed at least every six years, but it is considered prudent
to take a longer-term view. The horizon for the WMMP is not fixed but is related
to the Long Term Plan (LTP)’s 10-year timeframe. For some assets and services,
it is appropriate to consider a longer timeframe.
1.3.3 Consideration of Solid, Liquid and Gaseous Wastes
This Waste Assessment is focused on solid waste that is disposed of to land or
diverted from land disposal.
Guidance provided by the Ministry for the Environment states that:
Councils need to determine the scope of their WMMP in terms of
which wastes and diverted materials are to be considered within
the plan.
liquid or gaseous wastes that are directly managed by a TA, and
disposed of to landfill, should be seriously considered for inclusion
in a WMMP.
Other wastes within the scope of the WMMP include gas from landfills and the
management of biosolids from wastewater treatment plant processes.
Council has an approved Gas Plan and Resource Consent (102448) for the
Tokoroa Landfill which allows for venting the gas into the atmosphere, and
requiring on site monitoring in areas where concentrations can be anticipated.
Council holds Resource Consents for landfill gas discharges to air at the closed
landfill sites in Putaruru (102589), and Tirau (102482).
1
Ministry for the Environment (2015), Waste Management and Minimisation Planning: Guidance for
Territorial Authorities. Wellington.Sewage biosolids from the wastewater treatment plants at Tokoroa and Putaruru
are disposed of at the Tokoroa Class 1 landfill site. It is mixed with greenwaste
mulch and stockpiled for beneficial reuse (as topsoil) for restoration of landfill
surfaces. These waste streams amount to a significant 1200 to 1500 tonnes per
annum diverted from the final landfill face. Large volumes of biosolids and
sludges from Hamilton City and Fonterra are disposed of for reuse at two
commercial sites within the South Waikato District.
1.3.4 Public Health Issues
Protecting public health is one of the original reasons for local authority
involvement in waste management. The New Zealand Waste Strategy 2010
contains the twin high-level goals of 'Reducing the harmful effects of waste', and
'Improving the efficiency of resource use'. Addressing waste management in a
strategic level, protection of public health is one of the components entailed in
'reducing harm'.
Protection of public health is currently addressed by a number of pieces of
legislation. Discussion of the implications of the legislation is contained in
Appendix 0.
1.3.4.1 Key Waste Management Public Health Issues
Key issues that are likely to be of concern to public health include:
Population health profile and characteristics
Meeting the requirements of the Health Act 1956
Management of putrescible wastes
Management of nappy and sanitary wastes
Potential for dog/seagull/vermin strike
Timely collection of material
Locations of waste activities
Management of spillage
Litter and illegal dumping
Medical waste from households and healthcare operators
Storage of wastes
Management of biosolids/sludges from wastewater treatment plants
Management of hazardous wastes (including asbestos, e-waste, etc.)
Private on-site management of wastes (i.e. burning, burying)
Closed landfill management including air and water discharges, odours
and vermin
Health and safety considerations relating to collection and handling.
1.3.4.2 Management of Public Health Issues
Strategically, the public health issues listed above are likely to apply to a greater
or lesser extent to virtually all options under consideration. For example, illegal
dumping tends to take place ubiquitously, irrespective of whatever waste
collection and transfer station systems are in place. Some systems may
exacerbate the problem (infrequent collection, user-charges, inconveniently
11 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL
WASTE ASSESSMENTlocated facilities etc.). Conversely, the issues can be managed through methods
such as enforcement, education and by providing convenient facilities.
In most cases, public health issues will be able to be addressed through setting
appropriate performance standards for waste service contracts. Performance
monitoring is important, is as the ability to address issues through the contract
structure. There is added emphasis on workplace health and safety under the
Health and Safety at Work Act 2015.
1.4 Strategic Context
1.4.1 New Zealand Waste Strategy
The New Zealand Waste Strategy: Reducing Harm, Improving Efficiency (NZWS)
is the Government’s core policy document concerning waste management and
minimisation in New Zealand. The two goals of the NZWS are:
1. Reducing the harmful effects of waste
2. Improving the efficiency of resource use.
The NZWS provides high-level, flexible direction to guide the use of the tools
available to manage and minimise waste in New Zealand. These tools include:
The Waste Minimisation Act 2008
Local Government Act 2002
Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996
Resource Management Act 1991
Climate Change Response Act 2002 and Climate Change (Emissions
Trading) Amendment Act 2008
International conventions
Ministry for the Environment guidelines, codes of practice
Voluntary initiatives.
The flexible nature of the NZWS means that councils are able to decide on
solutions to waste management and minimisation that are appropriate to local
situations and desired community outcomes.
Section 44 of the WMA requires councils to have regard to the NZWS when
preparing their WMMP. For the purpose of this Waste Assessment, the Council
has given regard to the NZWS and the current WMMP (2010).
1.4.2 International Commitments
New Zealand is party to the following key international agreements:
1. Montreal Protocol – to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the
production of numerous substances.
2. Basel Convention – to reduce the movement of hazardous wastes
between nations.
3. Stockholm Convention – to eliminate or restrict the production and use
of persistent organic pollutants.
4. 7Waigani Convention – bans export of hazardous or radioactive waste
to Pacific Islands Forum countries.1.4.3 National Projects
A number of national projects are underway, aimed at assisting TAs, business
and the public to adopt waste management and minimisation principles in a
consistent fashion.
1.4.3.1 National Waste Data Framework Project
The first stage of the National Waste Data Framework Project has been
completed. Waste Management Institute of New Zealand (WasteMINZ) is now
working on the implementation phase.
Council intends to be a part of the implementation of the NWDF by using the
categories and terminology of the Framework in the Waste Assessment and
WMMP.
1.4.3.2 National Standardisation of Colours for Bins
Until recently, organisations in New Zealand used a variety of colours to indicate
what waste streams can be placed in what bins. It was considered that this could
create confusion and increase the likelihood of contamination.
In October 2015 WasteMINZ, the Glass Packaging Forum, and councils around
New Zealand agreed on a standardised set of colours for mobile recycling and
rubbish bins, crates and internal office bins.
Council has adopted a two crate system for kerbside recycling collections: dark
green for “glass and plastic containers”, and maroon for “approved recyclables,
no glass”. The two crate system was selected to simplify kerbside sorting, and
enhance safety. Council has no current plans to change the colours as the
current stock of crates are in good condition after five years, and will not need
replacement until the next decade. The large 200l capacity steel drums at
recycling “drop off” sites are designed for glass bottles, and are coloured
accordingly – brown, green and silver.
1.5 Local and Regional Planning Context
This Waste Assessment and WMMP are prepared within a local and regional
planning context. Therefore actions and objectives identified in the Waste
Assessment and WMMP reflect, intersect with, and are expressed through other
planning documents. Key planning documents and waste-related goals and
objectives are noted in this section.
1.5.1 Long Term Plan
A key part of the Long Term Plan (LTP) is to achieve the vision for the Council:
'Healthy people thriving in a safe, vibrant, and sustainable community'.
Key outcomes for the LTP are:
Growth: Council aims to increase population and jobs, reduce
unemployment, increase average earnings and improve the
deprivation index
13 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL
WASTE ASSESSMENTResilience: Council and the community, need to anticipate, resist, respond
to and recover from significant change or events
Relationships: Council will build stronger relationsips with Iwi and Maori,
and community and business groups so working together we
can achieve growth and a resilient community.
1.5.1.1 Other Local Plans
South Waikato District Council has a number of other plans relating to the solid
waste and recycling activities that have been considered when preparing this
Assessment. These include:
Solid Waste Asset Management Plan 2015 – 2025 (DocSetID 313846)
Assessment of Water and Sanitary Services (DocSetID 194381) reviewed
2011
The South Waikato District Solid Waste Bylaw 2017
Waste Management and Minimisation Plan 2012 – 2017 (DocSetID
202094)
Waste Assessment 2011 (DocSetID 202095).
The other significant local plan to be considered in this Assessment has been the
Raukawa Environmental Management Plan 2014. A summary of local and shared
goals applicable to solid waste is reproduced in Appendix A5.0.
1.5.2 Regional Council Plans
The Waikato Waste and Resource Efficiency Strategy (2015 – 2018) has a vision
of 'working together towards a zero waste region'.
The Strategy contains ten strategic guiding principles, which were considered in
the development of this Plan.
The Waste Strategy Advisory Group (WSAG) was established to monitor and
review the effectiveness of the Strategy. It includes representation from industry,
local authorities, community enterprises, Auckland Council, Bay of Plenty
Regional Council, and the Ministry for the Environment.
The Bay of Plenty and Waikato Regional Councils work together on a number of
pan-regional collaborative projects.2.0 Waikato Region This section presents a brief overview of key aspects of the region’s geography, economy, and demographics that influence the quantities and types of waste generated and potential opportunities for the Council to manage and minimise these wastes effectively. 2.1 Overview Local authorities in the Waikato region comprise 11 territorial authorities and the Waikato Regional Council. The land area of the region covers 25,000km2 with 1,138 kilometres of coastline. Figure 1: Map of Waikato Territorial Authority Areas Source: www.waikatoregion.govt.n 15 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL WASTE ASSESSMENT
Source: www.localcouncils.govt.nz
3.0 Our District
Our District has a land area of 1,817km2, with key features being the Waikato
River hydro generation lakes along the southern and western boundary, and
Mamaku/Kaimai ranges along the eastern side. The main population centres in
the District are Tokoroa (13,800), Putāruru (3,800), Tirau (700) and a rural based
community (5,500). - The total District population (as at June 2016) of 23,800.
The Districts main industries are forestry, timber production, dairy, and pastoral
farming.
3.1.1 Demographics
The population distribution and growth is shown in the following table:
Table 1: Key Demographic Statistics 2001 - 2013
2001 2006 2013
Population 23,472 22,644 22,071
Dwellings 8,985 9,225 9,525
Median Income $20,900 $23,800
Source: Statistics NZ 2013 Census-data tables
Source: Compiled from http://www.stats.govt.nz/Census/2013-census/profile-and-summary-
reports/quickstats-about-a-place.aspx?3.1.2 2013 Census 17 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL WASTE ASSESSMENT
4.0 Waste Infrastructure The facilities available in South Waikato area are a combination of those owned, operated and/or managed by the Council, and those that are owned and/or operated by commercial entities or community groups. This inventory is not to be considered exhaustive, particularly with respect to the commercial waste industry as these services are subject to change. Figure 2: Landfills in the Waikato Region (Class 1)
4.1 Disposal Facilities In April 2016, the WasteMINZ released the final version of Technical Guidelines for Disposal to Land. These guidelines set out new standards for disposal of waste to land. Should the Regional Council implement the new guidelines, there will be significant changes to the operation of cleanfill sites in the region, including tighter controls. The definitions for the various classes of Landfills in ‘Technical Guidelines for Disposal to Land’ (2016)2 are reproduced in Appendix A.3.0. 4.1.1 Class 1 Landfills There is one Class 1 landfill disposal facility 3 (as defined in Section A3.0) in the South Waikato District at Newell Road, Tokoroa. The other known consented landfills are the CHH Properties and Oji Fibre industrial facilities at Smythe Road, Kinleith; and a Downer NZ facility at Ngatira quarry. 2Technical Guidelines for the Disposal to Land. WasteMINZ , April 2016 3Based on definitions in the Technical Guidelines for the Disposal to Land of Residual Waste and Other Material (Land Disposal Technical Guidelines) WasteMINZ Draft for Consultation June 2013 19 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL WASTE ASSESSMENT
Table 2: Other Class 1 landfills accessible from South Waikato District
Name & Description Location Capacity and
Owner/Operator Consent
Tirohia Landfill, Non-hazardous Tirohia, Hauraki Consented to accept
Waste Management residential, District 4 million m3 -
commercial and approximately 2035
industrial solid waste,
including special
wastes. Sludges with
less than 20% solid
by weight are
prohibited.
Compostable material
is also processed on
site.
Rotorua District Non-hazardous Atiamuri SH30, Consented to 2030
Landfill, Rotorua residential, Rotorua District
District Council, commercial and
Operated by Waste industrial waste,
Management including special
wastes (although
bylaw may be
reviewed to exclude
these in future).
North Waikato Non-hazardous Hampton Downs, Consented to 2030
Regional Landfill, residential, Waikato District
commercial and
EnviroWaste
industrial solid waste,
Services Ltd
including special
wastes. Sludges with
less than 20% solid
by weight are
prohibited.
Waitomo District Not known Te Kuiti
Landfill
Broadlands Road Not known Broadlands Road
Landfill, Taupo
District Council,
Operated by
Envirowaste
Ruapehu District A small district landfill Taumarunui Consented by
Landfill Horizons Regional
Council to 2020
Figure 3 shows the fluid nature of waste movements both within and between
regions and territorial local authorities. South Waikato is in a unique positionhaving five consented Class 1 landfills (including our own facility) within a two hour drive from Tokoroa. It is reported that 700,000 tonnes were landfilled in the Waikato region in 2010 with significant flows from Auckland, Bay of Plenty, and Gisborne regions. Figure 3 Waste Flows in the Waikato Region (Source: WRC Waste Strategy) 4.1.2 Transfer Stations There is one municipal refuse transfer station operating in the District at Putaruru. Envirowaste Solutions Ltd. own and operate a waste storage and transfer station at their premises in Wawa Road, Kinleith. 21 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL WASTE ASSESSMENT
Table 3: Transfer Stations in District
Facility Operation Hours Materials
Description accepted
Putaruru, SH1 Operated under Closed Monday, All general waste
Contract by DG Wednesday, and excepting large C
Waste Ltd. Fridays plus Statutory and D volumes,
holidays Open 9am to special and non-
4pm domestic hazardous
wastes
Once general waste is deposited at the Refuse Transfer Station, the waste is then
loosely compacted and bulked for transport to Tokoroa landfill. The total nett
volume of refuse transported in 16/17 was 1,339 tonnes. Greenwaste is
separated from the waste stream, mulched on site, and then transported to
Tokoroa landfill by the contractor. This product is surplus to current requirements
at Tokoroa, and alternative outlets are under investigation. An adjacent recycling
drop off centre is open all hours.
4.1.3 Closed Landfills
There are two closed municipal landfills in the District. Both have been covered
with impervious soil and grassed in accordance with resource consent
requirements. They are now grazed by adjacent land owners and are subject to
six monthly inspections. These are listed in the table below:
Table 4: Closed landfills in District
Local Authority Location Date closed
SWDC Tirau 2000
SWDC Putaruru 2007
4.1.4 Class 2-4 Landfills
Recent research4 estimates that waste disposed to land other than in Class 1
landfills accounts for approximately 70% of all waste disposed of. These
operators are not currently required to pay the waste levy to central government.
Other disposal sites include Class 2-4 landfills and farm dumps.
The Waikato Regional Council provides for cleanfill sites as a permitted activity
for anything up to 2,500 m3 per annum. A resource consent is required for any
facility that exceeds this volume, and any fill that intends to accept material other
than cleanfill.
4Ministry for the Environment (2014) Review of the Effectiveness of the Waste Disposal Levy.
The report estimates 56% of material disposed to land goes to non-levied facilities, 15% to farm
dumps and 29% to levied facilities.Table 5: Known consented Class 2,4 landfills in District
Facility Location Materials and Charges
CHH Properties Ltd. Smythe Road Industrial waste from the
Kinleith mills. Not open to
Oji Fibre Solutions Ltd. Kinleith, R,D Tokoroa
public.
Downer NZ Ngatira Road, Lichfield Cleanfill from contracting
operations. Not open to
public.
4.1.5 Assessment of Residual Waste Management Infrastructure
The Smythe Road Class 2 landfill is owned by CHH Properties Ltd and used by
Oji Fibre Solutions Ltd. It has a current Resource Consent from Waikato Regional
Council. Reported annual tonnages are approximately 17-18,000 tonnes, of
which about 75% is boiler ash. Oji Fibre Solutions have a large diversion scheme
in operation at Farm Road, Kinleith where recyclable products are separated from
the conventional industrial waste streams.
A number of legacy dumps around the Kinleith mills have been identified by
Carter Holt Harvey Consultants. These are recorded on Councils potentially
hazardous sites data base, and remain in the ownership of CHH Properties Ltd.
Waikato Regional Council are unable to report on individual dairy wastes to land
in SW District as some of the material is a Permitted Activity under the Regional
Plan, and they do not keep any records of which District the farms are located.
Volumes of dairy factory liquids irrigated under the Region wide consent are
declining year by year.
4.2 Hazardous Waste Facilities and Services
The hazardous waste market comprises both liquid and solid wastes that, in
general, require further treatment before conventional disposal methods can be
used. The most common types of hazardous waste include:
Organic liquids, such as those removed from septic tanks and industrial
cesspits
Solvents and oils, particularly those containing volatile organic compounds
Hydrocarbon-containing wastes, such as inks, glues and greases
Contaminated soils (lightly contaminated soils may not require treatment
prior to landfill disposal)
Chemical wastes, such as pesticides and agricultural chemicals
Medical and quarantine wastes
Wastes containing heavy metals, such as timber preservatives
Contaminated packaging associated with these wastes.
A range of treatment processes are used before hazardous wastes can be safely
disposed.
Most disposal is either to Class 1 landfills or through the trade waste system.
Some of these treatments result in trans-media effects, with liquid wastes being
23 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL
WASTE ASSESSMENTdisposed of as solids after treatment. A very small proportion of hazardous wastes are ‘intractable’, and require exporting for treatment. These include polychlorinated biphenyls, pesticides, and persistent organic pollutants. Council is the only known operator of reception services for domestic, and limited agrichemical hazardous wastes within the South Waikato District – at its Putaruru, and Tokoroa solid waste sites.
Table 6 contains known hazardous waste operators in the region. 25 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL WASTE ASSESSMENT
Table 6: Hazardous Waste Operators
Name Location
R and S McGregor Ltd Hamilton
Transpacific Industries Group (NZ) Ltd. Rotorua, Taupo
Waste Petroleum Combustion Ltd Pukekohe
Envirowaste Services Ltd Hamilton
3R Group Ltd Hastings
Interwaste (International Waste Ltd) Auckland
Council provides a limited reception facility for (typically) domestic sourced paint,
insecticides, batteries, used oil, sharps, fluorescent and exotic light bulbs. Some
triple rinsed agrichemical containers will also be received. The oil is taken off site
by a specialist firm. The majority of hazardous material is handled by a
specialised contractor for identification, reporting, and safe disposal. Sharps and
tubes are boxed up in prepaid containers, and processed by another preferred
contractor at Auckland airport.
The Agrecovery Rural Recycling programme is a useful outlet for our farmers,
with the district outlet based at Farmlands in Putaruru. It is based on “user pays”
principles so will always struggle to get widespread support from the industry.
This programme provides New Zealand’s primary sector with responsible and
sustainable systems for the recovery of ‘on farm’ plastics and the disposal of
unwanted chemicals. It currently provides three nationwide programmes:
Containers for the recovery of agrichemical, animal health and dairy
hygiene plastic containers
Wrap for the recovery of used silage wrap and pit covers
Chemicals for the disposal of unwanted and expired chemicals in
agriculture.
4.3 SW Recycling and processing Facilities
Council owns and manages the South Waikato Resource Recovery Centre in
Croad Place, Tokoroa. It is operated under contract by South Waikato
Achievement Trust (SWAT) who process both municipal and commercial
recyclables. The total mass of recyclables processed at the centre reported by
SWAT was 2,737 tonnes in 2011/12, and has remained relatively steady since
then.
Comparable figures with the previous two year period indicate no significant
change in recyclable processing since the purpose built centre opened in
November, 2014. There is considerable variability in the amounts processed each
year with no obvious explanation for the recent decline.3,000.00
Tonnes Recycled each year
2,500.00
2,000.00
1,500.00
1,000.00
500.00
-
2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
4.4 Other Recycling and Reprocessing Operations in the South
Waikato
Facility Description
Oji Fibre Solutions Significant industrial and energy recovery initiatives at Kinleith, and
Ltd paper/kraft recovery nationwide through their subsidiary “Fullcircle”
Materials Processing Greenwaste and untreated timber at Kinleith, and Taupo
Ltd
MyNoke Ltd Vermicomposting of industrial, council and some post-consumer
organic wastes near Kinleith
E-waste South Waikato Achievement Trust, Tokoroa
27 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL
WASTE ASSESSMENT4.4 Other Recycling and Reprocessing Facilities
Facility Description
O-I NZ Ltd Process colour-sorted, and bulk glass in Penrose
SIMS Pacific Ferrous metals recycling
MetalCo Scrap metals recycling
Resene PaintWise Accept unwanted paint and paint containers, with a small
Collection (Waihi Road, charge for non-Resene product. No automotive or marine
Tauranga) paint. Material is reused, recycled, or processed as
appropriate.
Agrecovery Accept unwanted agrichemicals, empty containers and
plastic wrap. Collection from properties (some charges
apply) or free drop-off of containers at limited sites.
Various retail outlets Plastic shopping bags
(Countdown, Warehouse,
New World)
Reclaim Plastics grade 1 and 2, baled cardboard
4.5 Assessment of Municipal Recycling and Reprocessing
Facilities
The South Waikato is well served with recycling and processing facilities given the
limitations of scale and a relatively small urban population. The nearest municipal
recycling processing plants outside the district are in Taupo (Envirowaste), and Kopu
near Thames (Smart Environmental).
The marketing of typical urban recyclables is notoriously fragile economically, but the
lack of any growth measured at the SW resource recovery centre is cause for concern.
The non-residential component sourced by SW Achievement Trust needs to be
supported if there is to be any future growth in traditional recyclable products from the
commercial sector.
There is potential for significantly greater e-waste recovery, but the cost of separate
disposal of e-waste compared to landfilling is a disincentive for greater recovery.
Currently TV sets and some electrical goods are set aside at the landfill face by residents
and collected by SWAT for processing. The public can drop off their e-waste at SWAT's
premises in Thompson Street, for a fee. The national programmes promoted by the
Ministry for Environment in recent years was not particularly successful. There is a view
that extended use of “product stewardship” agreements by central government would
assist in increasing recyclables in the e-waste, tyres, and hazardous waste streamsWaste Services
4.4 Council-provided Waste Services
Council provides a weekly kerbside refuse collection service in urban areas, kerbside
recycling collection service once a fortnight in urban ares, drop off recycling areas, a
resource recovery centre, landfill, and one refuse transfer station.
4.4.1 Council-contracted Collection Services
The tables below outline the key Council-provided refuse and recycling collection
services.
4.4.1.1 Kerbside Collection of Refuse and Recycling
Table 7: Council Kerbside Refuse Collections
Kerbside Charges Refuse Funding
Contract review
collection collection
/funding dates
service contractor
Revenue from bag Metallic Bag Sales and District Contract 640/410
sales covers the Sweeping wide "Waste “Kerbside Refuse and
Official
purchase cost, Ltd. collection charge" in Recycling Collection”
prepaid refuse
handling, and final Rates Duration 2012/17
bag collection
disposal. Refuse
from urban with optional 2x2
(rates) charge covers
kerbsides once year extensions.
the cost of the
a week.
collection service
alone.
Table 8: Council Kerbside Recycling Collections
Recycling Funding
Kerbside Contract
Materials collection
collection service review dates
Contractor
Glass, plastic Metallic District wide As above
60 litre capacity containers in one Sweeping Ltd “recycling
crates (green) crate. charge” in
Collected once a Balance kraft, Rates
fortnight from paper, tins,
urban kerbsides. plastics in other
(maroon) crate
29 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL
WASTE ASSESSMENT4.4.1.2 Council Recycling “drop off” site Collections
Recycling Funding
Recycling “drop off” Contract
Materials collection
sites review dates
Contractor
Standard Metallic District wide As above
Collection, weighing glass, plastic Sweeping Ltd “recycling”
and transport of containers, charge. In Rates
recyclables from five cardboard,
sites to resource and paper,
recovery centre. tins, beverage
containers.
As above South Waikato As above
Resource recovery Achievement
centre drop off Centre
4.4.2 Other Council Services
In addition to the services described above, there are other waste-related programmes
and services provided by the Council, including rates-funded clean ups of illegal
dumping, litter bins, cleaning, anti-graffiti services and landfill/transfer station
operations.
Table 9: Other Council Solid Waste Services
Service Contractor Funding Contract review
date
Metallic Sweeping Ltd. Refuse charge C640/410 Duration
Urban litter control,
2013/16 with opt.
Expires 2018
Parks litter control RYH Ltd (Parks litter) General rates 1+1 year extensions
Expires 2018
Downer NZ General rates / C640/ 427
Street cleaning
NZTA subsidy
D G Waste Ltd Refuse charge/ C640/437 Duration
Landfill, and refuse
2020.
transfer station South Waikato User fees.
operations
District wideSouth Waikato Recycling charge C640/ 412
Resource recovery
Achievement Trust for
centre (Croad Place)
processing of recyclables
4.4.3 Waste Education and Minimisation Programmes
The 'Paper 4 Trees' programme operates in 21 schools and preschools throughout the
District, with a six monthly recycling brochure. “Between 2007 and 2014 South Waikato
schools have earned 2,473 trees, saved 4,910m3 of landfill space, and diverted over 613
tonnes of paper and cardboard from landfill. This has prevented over 3,324 tonnes of
carbon dioxide from being produced” (Paper4Trees, 2015).
Council supports the Waste Exchange by agreement (RUG2011/A5) with District and
Regional Councils in Waikato and Bay of Plenty.
Council provides Zero Waste education for Schools on request.
4.4.4 Solid Waste Bylaws
Council has responsibilities and powers as regulators through the statutory obligations
placed upon them by the WMA. The Council is the regulatory authority for:
Management of litter and illegal dumping under the Litter Act 1979
Trade waste requirements
Nuisance related bylaws
Offensive trade licenses under the Health Act.
Council reviewed its Solid Waste Bylaw in 2017 and this was adopted on 20 December
2017.
4.4.5 Litter Control and Enforcement
Litter control is undertaken by Contract for cyclic cleansing, litter patrols and litter bins in
public spaces, and by Council officers for rural and spot dumping service requests. Urban
CBD areas are also serviced by 'street minders' for attention to spot litter and spillages.
Fly tipping has been reported to Council on occasion and this has been followed up with
letters and/or fines sent to the culprit, if they could be identified.
Patrols are made of areas where fly tipping has occurred previously in an effort to
reduce the possibility of additional incidents of fly tipping being repeated.
Special attention is paid to litter and path cleaning at suburban shopping areas. The total
mass of street litter deposited in the landfill one particular year was recorded as 94
tonnes. However given the use of multipurpose vehicles it has not been possible to
separately identify the quantities of material collected from this source.
4.4.6 Public Litter Bins
Public litter bins tend to be standardised by shape and colour in each community
(although the Putāruru Community have taken it upon themselves to paint some bins
different colours), they are generally fitted with galvanised liners and plastic outer liners
to keep them in a sanitary condition. Issues include some overflowing bins during
31 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL
WASTE ASSESSMENTweekend summer months near food outlets, misuse by some operators for shop refuse, and disposal of household waste by residents. During summer holidays and other peak holiday periods additional "Holiday Bins" are provided in each of the main urban centres. These bins utilise 200l steel drums to provide additional capacity during these busy periods. 4.4.7 Abandoned Vehicles In recent years this is not seen to be a problem as there is still a market for old car bodies. Isolated instances are handled by reminders to frontage owners/occupiers, followed by standard removal procedures under the Local Government Act. 4.4.8 Street Cleansing Street cleansing between kerblines is undertaken under contract by Downer NZ , and a specialist subcontractor who sweep street kerbs on frequencies varying from a few days per week (for CBD areas), to weekly, monthly, and six monthly depending on the street classification. They also clean out street sumps on semi-annual and annual frequencies plus urban state highways by agreement with the NZ Transport Agency. 4.4.9 Stream, Lake, Park Cleaning Recreation reserves and lake side reserves are maintained under contract by RYH Ltd who undertake cyclic mowing and litter clearances. 4.4.10 Rural and Farm Waste A study of farm waste management practices in the Waikato and Bay of Plenty was carried out in 2014. This study found that a very large number of farms use one of the ‘three B’ methods of waste management – bury, burn, or bulk storage on property. The study also estimated that there would be an average of 37 tonnes of waste disposed of on each farm property. The study concluded that better information, education and awareness of existing alternatives is required. A better understanding of the risks, and associated indirect costs involved in the current ‘three B’ practices would support this. Some rural properties in the South Waikato are serviced by “Petes Bins” (Enviro Waste NZ) with a wheelie bin and skip service. The only Council provided services available is access to convenient recycling drop off centres and solid waste disposal sites at Putaruru and Tokoroa which offer facilities for reception of some hazardous wastes. The 3R Group operate a successful range of programmes including 'Agrecovery' of agricultural and horticultural plastics. The nearest collection site is Farmlands in Putaruru. The recovery of farm containers and chemicals is funded by 60 brand owners but there are still waste products which are not funded by industry. The Council recycling drop off centres appear to be well supported by farmers in the District.
4.4.11 Hazardous Waste Facilities are available at the solid waste disposal sites at Putaruru and Tokoroa for the disposal of old farm chemicals, domestic chemicals/sprays, surplus paint, batteries, fluorescent tubes/lamps, sharps (needles), whiteware (especially old fridges), and waste oils. Wastes are documented at the kiosk and potentially hazardous material is stored in specialised concrete storage sheds at Tokoroa. Material is accepted at no additional charge as it is better to divert this type of waste from the landfill. A sample of vehicle loads are checked each day by the kiosk operator for any product which could be deemed potentially hazardous. Several times each year product is sent to specialist hazardous waste contractors who document and report on the products and recycle and/or destroy as appropriate. Intractable chemicals like 24D and 245T are still presented in small quantities each year. Kiosk Operators and appropriate Council Officers are trained in hazardous waste identification. The Contractor has now taken over responsibility for operating and managing this facility in the new contract. 4.5 Assessment of Council-provided Solid Waste Services The current mix of Contract and Council officer involvement in service delivery is considered appropriate for the South Waikato. The move to user pays bags was a deliberate attempt to introduce choice for customers and to ensure critical mass for a reliable kerbside refuse collection service by Council. The move to recycling crates and their ready availability at a discounted rate of $15 each has proven successful and much safer for the collection contractor. Smaller 45l crates are also available for residents who find the larger 60l crates too difficult to handle. The Newell Road landfill is nearing the economic end of filling. The main resource consent expires in October 2020 and the existing consented area is likely to be filled before that date given current filling rates. Adjacent Council owned and designated land is available for a new landfill cell and/or a refuse transfer station. Final decisions will need to be made in 2018 as the lead times for designs, resource consents, construction and new operational contracts for a refuse transfer station(s) can be expected to exceed 2 years. This issue has been examined in some detail since 2010 with the 'Economic Evaluation of solid waste' by Harrison Grierson Consultants , WMMP12, and more recently the 'landfill future options' (Doc SetID 324248) considered by Council (January 2015) for the Long Term Plan 2015, and a subsequent report (Doc Set 334276) to Council on 12 February 2015. Council resolved (2) 'That Option 2 ( use of the current cell until at maximum capacity allowed by the resource consent then transport waste to an external landfill, Croad Place site extended to accommodate transfer station) be considered as the preferred planning option until the review of the Waste Management and Minimisation Plan and the 2018-28 LTP finally address the issue'. This issue will be updated and discussed in the options section of the WMMP17. 33 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL WASTE ASSESSMENT
4.6 Funding for Council-provided Services The annual cost of providing solid waste services is $1,635,000. The breakdown of categories is as follows: Street refuse and litter control $217,000 Kerbside refuse and recycling collections $350,000 Recycling processing - $300,000 Solid waste disposal - $573,000 Street (channel and sump) Cleansing – $162,000 Parks litter $33,000. Funding is outlined in Table 9. There are user pays elements in the purchase of official refuse bags and gate fees on entry to solid waste disposal facilities. The gate fees are struck to return 80% of solid waste disposal expenses in accordance with Council policy. The current (2016/17) waste collection charge is $52.21 p.a. for each part of a rating unit provided with a waste collection service, and producing $363,465 p.a. (excl. GST). The current District recycling charge is $48.15 p.a. on each inhabited part of a rating unit (with certain criteria), and producing $446,079 (excl. GST). (Ref Annual Plan 2016-17) Overall, the solid waste and recycling activity is funded 56% from rates, and 45% from user charges. (ref Long Term Plan 2015-25) 4.7 Non-Council Services There are a number of non-Council waste and recycling/reuse service providers operating in the District: Envirowaste Solutions Ltd. operate a depot in Wawa Road, Kinleith for their 'Petes Bins' brand wheelie bin and skip refuse collection business and to consolidate loads of refuse which is shipped out of District to the Waitomo District landfill. Tonnages being exported were estimated in excess of 3,000 tonnes per annum in 2011. Envirowaste are active in both urban and rural sectors. Greenfingers Garden Bags Ltd operate a garden greenwaste collection service which is shipped out of District. The parent Company (Earthcare Environmental) operate a “Citywide” kerbside wheelie bin service and use the Council landfill for disposal. Tonnages are less than 300 tonnes per annum. The South Waikato Achievement Trust collect industrial and commercial recyclables from the southern part of the district amounting to 800 to 1100 tonnes per annum. An expanding part of their business is processing a broad range of e-waste at their Thompson Street, Tokoroa plant. They are also Council's preferred contractor for processing all municipal recyclables at Council's Croad Place Resource Recovery site. Materials Processing Ltd operate the Kinleith Recycling collection and processing facility exclusively for Oji Fibre Solutions Ltd., and operate a greenwaste composting and processing facility on two sites at Wawa Road, Kinleith. They are also active in processing wood based hog fuel for Kinleith use from local and regional facilities.
Mynoke Ltd. A significant volume of waste from the Kinleith pulp production is diverted into the Iona Block, Kinleith where MyNoke Ltd are consented to vermicompost up to 140,000 tonnes of raw material per annum. It includes up to 13,000 tonne/year biosolids from Hamilton City Council, and an additional 5,000 TPA biosolids from other Waikato WWT plants. MyNoke also holds a separate consent within the Pinedale Block for vermicomposting, where Kinleith wood solids is mixed with Fonterra sludges. Fonterra have a large consented intensive irrigation scheme at Pinedale where 31,000m 3 of dairy liquid by-products were received in 2015/16 year. Their operation is a cut and carry vegetation operation with no stock. 4.7.1 Assessment of Non-Council Services The independent commercial contractors for refuse, greenwaste and recycling provide a complimentary and competitive service to residents and commercial customers with few controls or direction from Council. The only proviso is the lack of growth in diverting recyclables from the municipal waste stream - as the activity is essentially non- commercial, and the commercial sector may need some support from Council. Residential customers have plenty of choice around more expensive wheelie bins and can choose between using their recycling crates or purchasing refuse bags. The large scale Kinleith and Fonterra industries are active in diverting and re using valuable resources within the District. 35 DRAFT SOUTH WAIKATO DISTRICT COUNCIL WASTE ASSESSMENT
You can also read
