Vote Education - The Treasury

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Vote Education

APPROPRIATION MINISTER(S): Minister of Education (M26)

APPROPRIATION ADMINISTRATOR: Ministry of Education

RESPONSIBLE MINISTER FOR MINISTRY OF EDUCATION: Minister of Education

                                        The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2    1
Vote Education                                                                                Overview of the Vote

Overview of the Vote
The Minister of Education is responsible for appropriations in Vote Education for the 2020/21 financial
year covering the following:

• a total of just over $2,617 million for services from the Ministry of Education (depreciation and capital
  charge on school accommodation and learning support services being the most significant costs)

• a total of nearly $1,172 million for capital expenditure by the Ministry of Education, mainly related to
  school sector property

• a total of nearly $9,977 million for educational services from schools (including teacher salaries), early
  learning, educational services from the New Zealand Qualifications Authority, Network for Learning,
  Teaching Council of Aotearoa New Zealand and other non-departmental providers. Aside from teacher
  salaries, schools' operations grants and early learning subsidies, other significant costs include
  curriculum and professional development in schools and early learning sectors and school transport
  services

• a total of nearly $52 million for allowances, scholarships and awards for students, teachers and
  trainees

• a total of just over $69 million for other educational services, and

• a total of nearly $55 million for capital expenditure for Crown entities and schools.

The Minister of Education is also responsible for a capital injection to the Ministry of Education of nearly
$593 million.

Details of these appropriations are set out in Parts 2-4.

2    The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2
Appropriations and Capital Injections                                                                                                   Vote Education

Details of Appropriations and Capital Injections
Annual Appropriations and Forecast Permanent
Appropriations
                                                                                                                     2019/20                   2020/21

                                                                                                                  Final        Estimated
                                                                                                              Budgeted             Actual        Budget
Titles and Scopes of Appropriations by Appropriation Type                                                         $000              $000           $000

Departmental Output Expenses

School Property Portfolio Management (M26)                                                                    1,973,988        1,969,348     2,007,620
This appropriation is limited to support and advice for schools on property issues; managing and
supporting the purchase and construction of new property; and upgrades to existing property and
disposal of surplus property; managing teacher and caretaker housing; and other services
provided by the Ministry of Education in its stewardship of the land, buildings and other facilities
that comprise the State school sector property portfolio.

Services to Other Agencies RDA (M26)                                                                               2,650           2,650          2,650
This appropriation is limited to the provision of services by the Ministry of Education to government
departments and other agencies where those services are not within the scope of another
departmental output expense appropriation in Vote Education.

Support and Resources for Parents and the Community (M26)                                                        13,498           13,498         13,500
This appropriation is limited to expenditure on support focused on increasing informed
engagement by families and communities in their children's educational outcomes.

Support and Resources for Education Providers (M26)                                                             127,657         123,737                 -
This appropriation is limited to expenditure on policies, regulations and services focused on the
governance, management and operation of education providers.

Total Departmental Output Expenses                                                                            2,117,793        2,109,233     2,023,770

Departmental Other Expenses

Transfer of an Asset to the Teaching Council of Aotearoa New Zealand (M26)                                         2,935           2,935                -
This appropriation is limited to the expenses incurred in transferring the Teaching Council Online
Services Application intangible asset from the Ministry of Education to the Teaching Council of
Aotearoa New Zealand.

Total Departmental Other Expenses                                                                                  2,935           2,935                -

Departmental Capital Expenditure

Ministry of Education - Capital Expenditure PLA (M26)                                                           987,826         987,826      1,171,891
This appropriation is limited to the purchase or development of assets by and for the use of the
Ministry of Education, as authorised by section 24(1) of the Public Finance Act 1989.

Total Departmental Capital Expenditure                                                                          987,826         987,826      1,171,891

Non-Departmental Output Expenses

Contribution to the Teaching Council of Aotearoa New Zealand (M26)                                               10,757           10,757         12,157
This appropriation is limited to a contribution towards the Teaching Council of Aotearoa
New Zealand carrying out its leadership and other statutory functions for the teaching profession
and education.

Early Learning (M26)                                                                                          2,034,613        2,029,613     2,138,602
This appropriation is limited to subsidising delivery of early learning services for children under six
years of age by licensed and certificated services, and the provision of related funds to such
services.
School Managed Network Funding (M26)                                                                             30,250           30,250         28,750
This appropriation is limited to supporting schools' purchase of a core package of managed
network services from the provider of the managed network service.

                                                                 The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2    3
Vote Education                                                                                            Appropriations and Capital Injections

                                                                                                              2019/20                 2020/21

                                                                                                             Final      Estimated
                                                                                                         Budgeted           Actual     Budget
Titles and Scopes of Appropriations by Appropriation Type                                                    $000            $000        $000
School Transport (M26)                                                                                    220,950        220,950      220,950
This appropriation is limited to transporting eligible students to and from State and state integrated
schools and associated facilities.
Schooling Improvement (M26)                                                                                 9,475           9,475       19,018
This appropriation is limited to school support and schooling improvement projects, including iwi-
strengthening education projects, to improve the capability of schools and school clusters and their
responsiveness to the needs of their communities.
Support for Early Learning Providers (M26)                                                                 11,226          11,226       11,226
This appropriation is limited to assisting early learning services and other bodies corporate that
provide child places for early learning.
Supporting Parenting (M26)                                                                                 29,669          29,669        8,974
This appropriation is limited to delivery of specific programmes and providing advice and support
that enhances the role of parents/caregivers in the development of their children.
UNESCO (M26)                                                                                                2,083           2,083        2,083
This appropriation is limited to providing administration and a programme of activities of the
(New Zealand) National Commission of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organisation, including annual membership contribution to international administration and
participation in regional and international activities.
Primary Education (M26)                                                                                  3,547,444      3,542,444             -
This appropriation is limited to providing roll-based operations funding to schools, teacher and
management salaries, support costs and supplementary funding programmes to enable the
delivery of the National Curriculum to all students for Years 0 to 8.
School Risk Management Scheme (M26)                                                                         5,000           5,000             -
This appropriation is limited to the expenses incurred in purchasing reinsurance and settling claims
under the school risk management scheme, in accordance with sections 78D to 78F of the
Education Act 1989.
Secondary Education (M26)                                                                                2,428,959      2,423,959             -
This appropriation is limited to providing roll-based operations funding to schools, teacher and
management salaries, support costs and supplementary funding programmes to enable the
delivery of the National Curriculum to all students for Years 9 to 13.
Secondary-Tertiary Interface (M26)                                                                        100,675        100,675              -
This appropriation is limited to delivery of programmes of learning at the secondary-tertiary
interface.
Total Non-Departmental Output Expenses                                                                   8,431,101      8,416,101    2,441,760
Benefits or Related Expenses
Home Schooling Allowances (M26)                                                                             5,021           5,021        5,111
This appropriation is limited to allowances for parents/caregivers of children in full-time
correspondence programmes for primary and secondary education and parents/caregivers of
children receiving their primary and secondary education at home (where a certificate of exemption
from enrolment has been approved under section 21 of the Education Act 1989).
Scholarships and Awards for Students (M26)                                                                 16,564          16,564       15,772
This appropriation is limited to scholarships and allowances for school students, including
subsidies toward fees and travel costs and programmes.
Scholarships and Awards for Teachers and Trainees (M26)                                                    26,187          26,187       30,675
This appropriation is limited to study awards, sabbaticals and fellowships for teachers and
scholarships and allowances for students undertaking teacher training education.
Total Benefits or Related Expenses                                                                         47,772          47,772       51,558

4    The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2
Appropriations and Capital Injections                                                                                                   Vote Education

                                                                                                                     2019/20                   2020/21

                                                                                                                  Final        Estimated
                                                                                                              Budgeted             Actual        Budget
Titles and Scopes of Appropriations by Appropriation Type                                                         $000              $000           $000
Non-Departmental Other Expenses
Impairment of Debts and Assets and Debt Write-Offs (M26)                                                           3,700           3,700          1,000
This appropriation is limited to bad debt write-offs for Crown debt and to impairment of Crown debt
or other assets arising from objective evidence of one or more loss events that occurred after the
initial recognition of the Crown debt or asset, and the loss event (or events) has had a reliably
measurable impact on the estimated future cash flows of the debt or other asset.

Integrated Schools Property (M26)                                                                                76,190           71,483         68,123
This appropriation is limited to providing funding to proprietors of integrated schools for capital
upgrade, including modernisation, of their existing school property and facilities as well as
expansion of the network of integrated schools.

Total Non-Departmental Other Expenses                                                                            79,890           75,183         69,123

Non-Departmental Capital Expenditure

School Support Project (M26)                                                                                       1,880           1,880          1,880
This appropriation is limited to capital costs of implementing approved school support and
schooling improvement projects (other than costs related to school property assets).

Schools Furniture and Equipment (M26)                                                                            58,751           44,619         49,862
This appropriation is limited to providing funding to schools for new furniture and equipment when
capital works have been approved or to fund the replacement of furniture and equipment.

Total Non-Departmental Capital Expenditure                                                                       60,631           46,499         51,742

Multi-Category Expenses and Capital Expenditure

Improved Quality Teaching and Learning MCA (M26)                                                                259,762         252,262        251,416
The single overarching purpose of this appropriation is to improve the quality of teaching and
learning for children and young people aged 0-18 years.

Departmental Output Expenses

Support and Resources for Teachers                                                                               99,446           99,446         73,238
This category is limited to expenditure on policies and services focused on supporting the
capability of teachers, kaiako and leaders to improve outcomes for students.
Non-Departmental Output Expenses

Curriculum Support                                                                                               59,012           59,012         76,766
This category is limited to funding educational programmes for teachers, kaiako and leaders,
students with their families, and the community that expand learning opportunities.

Professional Development and Support                                                                            101,304           93,804       101,412
This category is limited to building the capability of teachers, kaiako and leaders, through the
delivery of learning and development opportunities.

Outcomes for Target Student Groups MCA (M26)                                                                    867,333         866,216        946,795
The single overarching purpose of this appropriation is to improve outcomes for targeted student
groups.

Departmental Output Expenses

Interventions for Target Student Groups                                                                         329,389         328,272        333,169
This category is limited to expenditure on policies and services focused on targeted student groups
or individuals' participation in education.

Non-Departmental Output Expenses

Learning Support                                                                                                517,724         517,724        594,352
This category is limited to providing additional resources to enable students with additional learning
needs to participate in education.

                                                                 The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2    5
Vote Education                                                                                            Appropriations and Capital Injections

                                                                                                              2019/20                 2020/21

                                                                                                             Final      Estimated
                                                                                                         Budgeted           Actual     Budget
Titles and Scopes of Appropriations by Appropriation Type                                                    $000            $000        $000

School Lunch Programme                                                                                      6,125           6,125        5,263
This category is limited to providing school lunches to students in schools and kura with high
concentrations of disadvantage.
Service Academies                                                                                           3,785           3,785        3,785
This category is limited to providing military-focused programmes for disengaged or disengaging
senior students in secondary schools.

Students Attendance and Engagement                                                                         10,310          10,310       10,226
This category is limited to providing services to support increased attendance for non-attending
students.
Oversight and Administration of the Qualifications System MCA (M26)                                        77,805          77,805       59,578
The single overarching purpose of this appropriation is for the New Zealand Qualifications
Authority to provide effective oversight and administration of the qualifications system.
Non-Departmental Output Expenses

Secondary School Assessments                                                                               55,327          55,327       43,709
This category is limited to the New Zealand Qualifications Authority delivering external assessment
for national secondary school qualifications, including the National Certificate of Educational
Achievement and Scholarship examinations, and moderating of internal school assessments.
Standards and Qualifications Support                                                                             -               -      15,869
This category is limited to the New Zealand Qualifications Authority managing, operating,
maintaining and providing advice on the New Zealand qualifications system, and providing quality
assurance services on NZQA's areas of responsibility.
Provision of Communication and Advice                                                                       3,448           3,448             -
This category is limited to communication and advice related to education policies, programmes
and services that are the responsibility of the New Zealand Qualifications Authority.

Qualifications Support Structures                                                                           6,331           6,331             -
This category is limited to the New Zealand Qualifications Authority overseeing the setting of
standards and New Zealand qualifications development, recognition and review of qualifications,
and contributing to the maintenance and promotion of the New Zealand qualifications system.
Quality Assurance                                                                                           6,281           6,281             -
This category is limited to the provision by the New Zealand Qualifications Authority of quality
assurance services and maintenance of the quality assurance framework, to support the
New Zealand qualifications system.
Non-Departmental Capital Expenditure

Developing Online Assessment Systems                                                                        6,418           6,418             -
This category is limited to development and delivery of the National Certificate of Educational
Achievement (NCEA) Online assessment solution and associated changes required to the
New Zealand Qualifications Authority infrastructure.
Oversight of the Education System MCA (M26)                                                                67,284          67,284       62,778
The single overarching purpose of this appropriation is to provide policy advice, research,
monitoring and related services that enable Ministers to discharge their responsibilities for a well-
functioning education system (excluding tertiary education).

Departmental Output Expenses

Stewardship and Oversight of the Education System                                                                -               -      59,270
This category is limited to providing advice and services to support Ministers to discharge their
portfolio responsibilities relating to education (excluding tertiary and international education), and
delivery of research and data analysis, monitoring and reporting on the education system, and
related administrative and oversight activities.

6    The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2
Appropriations and Capital Injections                                                                                                  Vote Education

                                                                                                                    2019/20                   2020/21

                                                                                                                 Final        Estimated
                                                                                                             Budgeted             Actual        Budget
Titles and Scopes of Appropriations by Appropriation Type                                                        $000              $000           $000

Ministerial Services                                                                                              4,408           4,408                -
This category is limited to the provision of services to Ministers to enable them to discharge their
portfolio (other than policy decision-making) responsibilities.

Monitoring the Education System                                                                                 14,661           14,661                -
This category is limited to the monitoring and reporting on education at a system-wide level to
support Ministers in discharging their responsibilities for education related matters.

Policy Advice                                                                                                   20,924           20,924                -
This category is limited to the provision of advice (including second opinion advice and
contributions to policy advice led by other agencies) to support decision-making by Ministers on
education related matters.

Research and Analysis                                                                                           24,263           24,263                -
This category is limited to the production and dissemination of research and data analysis to
support the work of other agencies and Ministers in discharging their responsibilities for education
related matters.

Non-Departmental Output Expenses

Education Research Initiatives                                                                                    3,008           3,008          3,008
This category is limited to the purchase of research about teaching and learning in our educational
institutions and independent research on education issues, policies and practices.

Independent Advice on Government Priority Areas                                                                      20              20              500
This category is limited to the provision, independently of the Ministry of Education, of advice
(including second opinion advice and contributions to policy advice led by other agencies, advice
on operational matters and expert review service advice) to support decision-making by Ministers
on government priority areas.

Primary and Secondary Education MCA (M26)                                                                              -               -    6,807,802
The overarching purpose of this appropriation is to provide teachers, funding and other resourcing
entitlements to schools (and other education providers) to deliver education to school students in
Years 0 to 13.

Departmental Output Expenses

Support and Resources for Education Providers                                                                          -               -      127,809
This category is limited to expenses incurred on operational policies, regulations and services
relating to the governance, management and operation of education providers (other than tertiary
education providers).

Non-Departmental Output Expenses

Primary Education                                                                                                      -               -    3,868,725
This category is limited to providing roll-based operations funding to schools, teacher and
management salaries, support costs and supplementary funding programmes to enable the
delivery of education to all students for Years 0 to 8.

School Risk Management Scheme                                                                                          -               -         5,000
This category is limited to the expenses incurred in purchasing reinsurance and settling claims
under the school risk management scheme, in accordance with the Education Act 1989.

Secondary Education                                                                                                    -               -    2,806,268
This category is limited to providing roll-based operations funding to schools, teacher and
management salaries, support costs and supplementary funding programmes to enable the
delivery of education, including the delivery of programmes of learning at the secondary-tertiary
interface, to all students for Years 9 to 13.

Total Multi-Category Expenses and Capital Expenditure                                                        1,272,184        1,263,567     8,128,369

Total Annual Appropriations and Forecast Permanent Appropriations                                          13,000,132      12,949,116      13,938,213

                                                                The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2    7
Vote Education                                                                                                    Appropriations and Capital Injections

Multi-Year Appropriations
Type, Title, Scope and Period of Appropriations                                        Appropriations, Adjustments and Use                       $000

Non-Departmental Output Expenses

Teacher-Led Innovation Fund (M26)                                                      Original Appropriation                                  10,000
This appropriation is limited to supporting teacher-led innovation and
                                                                                       Adjustments to 2018/19                                   (545)
classroom-based research of innovative teaching practices.
                                                                                       Adjustments for 2019/20                                      -
Commences: 01 July 2015
                                                                                       Adjusted Appropriation                                   9,455
Expires: 30 June 2020                                                                  Actual to 2018/19 Year End                               9,247

                                                                                       Estimated Actual for 2019/20                               208

                                                                                       Estimate for 2020/21                                         -

                                                                                       Estimated Appropriation Remaining                            -

Non-Departmental Capital Expenditure

Schools Payroll Sustainability Loan (M26)                                              Original Appropriation                                  13,225
This appropriation is limited to making a loan to Education Payroll Limited to
                                                                                       Adjustments to 2018/19                                       -
undertake the Education Payroll Development Programme.
                                                                                       Adjustments for 2019/20                                      -
Commences: 01 October 2017
                                                                                       Adjusted Appropriation                                  13,225
Expires: 30 September 2020                                                             Actual to 2018/19 Year End                               4,000

                                                                                       Estimated Actual for 2019/20                             6,225

                                                                                       Estimate for 2020/21                                     3,000

                                                                                       Estimated Appropriation Remaining                            -

Total Annual Appropriations and Forecast
Permanent Appropriations and Multi-Year
Appropriations
                                                                                                                     2019/20                 2020/21

                                                                                                                    Final     Estimated
                                                                                                                Budgeted          Actual      Budget
                                                                                                                    $000           $000         $000
Total Annual Appropriations and Forecast Permanent Appropriations                                             13,000,132    12,949,116     13,938,213

Total Forecast MYA Non-Departmental Output Expenses                                                                  208            208             -

Total Forecast MYA Non-Departmental Capital Expenditure                                                            6,225          6,225         3,000

Total Annual Appropriations and Forecast Permanent Appropriations and Multi-Year                              13,006,565    12,955,549     13,941,213
Appropriations

Capital Injection Authorisations
                                                                                               2019/20                                        2020/21

                                                                                 Final Budgeted          Estimated Actual                      Budget
                                                                                           $000                     $000                         $000

Ministry of Education - Capital Injection (M26)                                            436,356                  409,438                   592,622

8    The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2
Part 1.1 - New Policy Initiatives                                                                                                      Vote Education

Supporting Information
Part 1 - Vote as a Whole
1.1 - New Policy Initiatives
                                                                            2019/20
                                                                               Final        2020/21       2021/22         2022/23         2023/24
                                                                           Budgeted          Budget      Estimated       Estimated       Estimated
Policy Initiative                   Appropriation                              $000            $000           $000            $000            $000
Access to Sanitary Products in      Outcomes for Target Student
Schools and Kura                    Groups MCA

                                    Interventions for Target Student              319          2,273               -               -               -
                                    Groups
                                    Departmental Output Expense

Adjusting Learning Support          Outcomes for Target Student
Funding for Population Growth       Groups MCA
                                    Interventions for Target Student                 -         1,793          1,399          2,461          12,770
                                    Groups

                                    Departmental Output Expense

                                    Learning Support                                 -         2,040          2,917          3,921           6,364

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Primary and Secondary
                                    Education MCA

                                    Primary Education                                -           445            752          1,012           1,046

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Secondary Education                              -           265            448            603             623
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense

Approach to Funding for             Early Learning                              2,843               -              -               -               -
Immediate Teacher Supply in
Early Childhood Education           Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Primary Education                         (1,450)               -              -               -               -

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense

                                    Secondary Education                       (1,675)               -              -               -               -

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Oversight and Administration of
                                    the Qualifications System MCA

                                    Qualifications Support Structures             282               -              -               -               -

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense

                                                              The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2    9
Vote Education                                                                                                     Part 1.1 - New Policy Initiatives

                                                                                  2019/20
                                                                                     Final      2020/21     2021/22      2022/23       2023/24
                                                                                 Budgeted        Budget    Estimated    Estimated     Estimated
Policy Initiative                      Appropriation                                 $000          $000         $000         $000          $000

Bargaining for Teachers' and           Primary Education                           (5,000)             -           -             -              -
Primary Principals' Collective
Agreements - Reprioritise              Non-Departmental Output
Funding from Investing in              Expense
Educational Success
                                       Secondary Education                         (5,000)             -           -             -              -

                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense

                                       Primary and Secondary
                                       Education MCA
                                       Primary Education                                    -   (10,000)    (25,500)     (25,500)       (25,500)

                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
                                       Secondary Education                                  -   (10,000)    (24,000)     (24,000)       (24,000)

                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
Capital Investment Package -           Departmental Capital Injection               20,000      190,000     190,000              -              -
Five Year Agreement Capital
Funding for School Property
Capital to Operating Swap for          Support and Resources for                       525             -           -             -              -
Motor Vehicles                         Education Providers

                                       Departmental Output Expense

                                       Improved Quality Teaching and
                                       Learning MCA
                                       Support and Resources for                       525          300         300           300            300
                                       Teachers
                                       Departmental Output Expense

                                       Primary and Secondary
                                       Education MCA
                                       Support and Resources for                            -       300         300           300            300
                                       Education Providers
                                       Departmental Output Expense

                                       Departmental Capital                       (15,000)             -           -             -              -
                                       Withdrawal
Christchurch Schools' Rebuild          School Property Portfolio                            -     3,690       7,370         7,370          7,370
Programme                              Management
                                       Departmental Output Expense

                                       Schools Furniture and                                -     4,690            -             -              -
                                       Equipment

                                       Non-Departmental Capital
                                       Expenditure
                                       Departmental Capital Injection                       -    86,730            -             -              -

10    The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2
Part 1.1 - New Policy Initiatives                                                                                                     Vote Education

                                                                           2019/20
                                                                              Final        2020/21        2021/22        2022/23         2023/24
                                                                          Budgeted          Budget       Estimated      Estimated       Estimated
Policy Initiative                   Appropriation                             $000            $000            $000           $000            $000

Continuing the Early Childhood      Primary and Secondary
Education Provider Assessment       Education MCA
Group
                                    Support and Resources for                       -         1,924          1,949           1,974          2,000
                                    Education Providers
                                    Departmental Output Expense

Cost Adjustment for Early           Early Learning                                  -        16,044         34,088         35,549          36,970
Childhood Education Subsidies
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
Cost Adjustment for Schools'        Early Learning                                  -              7             13             13               13
Operational Grant
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Improved Quality Teaching and
                                    Learning MCA

                                    Curriculum Support                              -            37              75             75               75

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Outcomes for Target Student
                                    Groups MCA

                                    Learning Support                                -           916          1,721           1,726          1,736

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Primary and Secondary
                                    Education MCA
                                    Primary Education                               -         9,523         15,459         15,329          15,353

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Secondary Education                             -         7,249         11,796         11,971          12,118

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
Cost Adjustment for Secondary-      Primary and Secondary
Tertiary Programmes (Trades         Education MCA
Academies)
                                    Secondary Education                             -           895          1,790           1,790          1,790

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
Drawdown from the Early Years Support and Resources for                        1,729          1,729          1,729           1,729          1,729
Violence Prevention Sites             Parents and the Community
Contingency for You Matter to Us
Initiative ( see also Vote Justice in Departmental Output Expense
the Justice Sector)

Drawdown from the Kōhanga Reo Early Learning                                 30,000                -               -              -               -
Contingency
                              Non-Departmental Output
                              Expense

                                                            The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2    11
Vote Education                                                                                                    Part 1.1 - New Policy Initiatives

                                                                                  2019/20
                                                                                     Final      2020/21    2021/22      2022/23       2023/24
                                                                                 Budgeted        Budget   Estimated    Estimated     Estimated
Policy Initiative                      Appropriation                                 $000          $000        $000         $000          $000
Drawdown of Funding for Digital        Improved Quality Teaching and
Devices for Learning Support           Learning MCA
Coordinators
                                       Curriculum Support                              124         248         248           248            248
                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
                                       Outcomes for Target Student
                                       Groups MCA
                                       Learning Support                                623         623         623           623            623
                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
Drawdown of Operating Funding          Support and Resources for                        27            -           -             -              -
for new Learning Support               Education Providers
Coordinator Role
                                       Departmental Output Expense
                                       Improved Quality Teaching and
                                       Learning MCA
                                       Support and Resources for                       200         200         200              -              -
                                       Teachers
                                       Departmental Output Expense
                                       Outcomes for Target Student
                                       Groups MCA
                                       Interventions for Target Student              4,054        1,538         51              -              -
                                       Groups
                                       Departmental Output Expense
                                       Learning Support                             22,181       56,756     54,397        54,743         54,743
                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
                                       Oversight of the Education
                                       System MCA
                                       Research and Analysis                           280            -           -             -              -
                                       Departmental Output Expense
                                       Stewardship and Oversight of the                     -      380         540              -              -
                                       Education System
                                       Departmental Output Expense
Enabling Students to Access            School Managed Network                        1,500            -           -             -              -
Online Teaching and Learning           Funding
                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
                                       Schools Furniture and                         8,500            -           -             -              -
                                       Equipment
                                       Non-Departmental Capital
                                       Expenditure
                                       Improved Quality Teaching and
                                       Learning MCA
                                       Support and Resources for                       500         800            -             -              -
                                       Teachers
                                       Departmental Output Expense
                                       Curriculum Support                            3,700       21,440           -             -              -
                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense

12    The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2
Part 1.1 - New Policy Initiatives                                                                                                     Vote Education

                                                                           2019/20
                                                                              Final        2020/21        2021/22        2022/23         2023/24
                                                                          Budgeted          Budget       Estimated      Estimated       Estimated
Policy Initiative                   Appropriation                             $000            $000            $000           $000            $000
English for Speakers of Other       Outcomes for Target Student
Languages                           Groups MCA
                                    Learning Support                                -         4,962          5,244           5,510          5,510
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
Establishing the Prime Minister's   Scholarships and Awards for                  900            900                -              -                -
Vocational Excellence Award         Students
                                    Benefits or Related Expense
                                    Support and Resources for                    300               -               -              -                -
                                    Education Providers
                                    Departmental Output Expense
                                    Primary and Secondary
                                    Education MCA
                                    Support and Resources for                       -           150                -              -                -
                                    Education Providers
                                    Departmental Output Expense
Extending the Pilot of the          Outcomes for Target Student
Community Organisation Refugee      Groups MCA
Sponsorship Category (see also
                                    Learning Support                                -              -           310             354               401
Vote Tertiary Education and Vote
Labour Market in the Education      Non-Departmental Output
and Workforce Sector, Vote          Expense
Health in the Health Sector, and
Vote Social Development in the
Social Services and Community
Sector)
Funding for Administering the       Oversight and Administration of
Interim Code of Practice for the    the Qualifications System MCA
Pastoral Care of Domestic
                                    Quality Assurance                            687               -               -              -                -
Tertiary Education (see also Vote
Tertiary Education in the           Non-Departmental Output
Education and Workforce Sector)     Expense
                                    Standards and Qualifications                    -           778                -              -                -
                                    Support
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
Funding of Childcare for Essential Supporting Parenting                      20,240                -               -              -                -
Workers
                                   Non-Departmental Output
                                   Expense
Home-based ECE - Support for        Early Learning                                  -         3,638          6,132         10,591          12,131
Educators to Become Qualified
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Improved Quality Teaching and
                                    Learning MCA
                                    Professional Development and                    -           764            779             530               541
                                    Support
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Oversight of the Education
                                    System MCA
                                    Stewardship and Oversight of the                -           384            220             220               220
                                    Education System
                                    Departmental Output Expense

                                                            The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2     13
Vote Education                                                                                                    Part 1.1 - New Policy Initiatives

                                                                                  2019/20
                                                                                     Final      2020/21    2021/22      2022/23       2023/24
                                                                                 Budgeted        Budget   Estimated    Estimated     Estimated
Policy Initiative                      Appropriation                                 $000          $000        $000         $000          $000

Implementing a Free and Healthy Support and Resources for                            3,167            -           -             -              -
School Lunch Prototype for Year Education Providers
1-8 Students
                                Departmental Output Expense

                                       Schools Furniture and                           360            -           -             -              -
                                       Equipment
                                       Non-Departmental Capital
                                       Expenditure
                                       Outcomes for Target Student
                                       Groups MCA
                                       Interventions for Target Student              3,156        1,355           -             -              -
                                       Groups
                                       Departmental Output Expense

                                       School Lunch Programme                        6,125        5,263           -             -              -

                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
                                       Primary and Secondary
                                       Education MCA
                                       Support and Resources for                            -     5,445           -             -              -
                                       Education Providers

                                       Departmental Output Expense

Improving Teacher Pay in               Early Learning                                       -    35,038     36,878        38,706         40,502
Education and Care Services
                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
Initiatives Responding to the 15       Support and Resources for                     1,033            -           -             -              -
March Terror Attacks: Additional       Education Providers
Funding (see also Vote Internal
Affairs in the Finance and             Departmental Output Expense
Government Administration
                                       Outcomes for Target Student
Sector, Vote Courts, Vote
                                       Groups MCA
Corrections, Vote Police and Vote
Justice all in the Justice Sector)     Students Attendance and                         167          83            -             -              -
                                       Engagement
                                       Departmental Output Expense

                                       Primary and Secondary
                                       Education MCA
                                       Support and Resources for                            -      517            -             -              -
                                       Education Providers
                                       Departmental Output Expense

Managing Growth at Public              School Property Portfolio                            -     6,280      8,452         8,392          8,369
Private Partnership Schools            Management
                                       Departmental Output Expense

                                       Departmental Capital Injection                       -     1,431      1,865         1,667          1,773

                                       Schools Furniture and                                -     3,499           -             -              -
                                       Equipment

                                       Non-Departmental Capital
                                       Expenditure

14    The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2
Part 1.1 - New Policy Initiatives                                                                                                     Vote Education

                                                                           2019/20
                                                                              Final        2020/21        2021/22        2022/23         2023/24
                                                                          Budgeted          Budget       Estimated      Estimated       Estimated
Policy Initiative                   Appropriation                             $000            $000            $000           $000            $000

Ministry of Education Payroll:      Oversight of the Education
Holidays Act Assessment Work        System MCA
                                    Stewardship and Oversight of the                -         1,200            600                -               -
                                    Education System
                                    Departmental Output Expense

                                    Monitoring the Education System              200               -               -              -               -

                                    Departmental Output Expense

Ministry of Education Settlement    Primary Education                        19,455                -               -              -               -
and Implementation of the
Teacher Aide Pay Equity Claim       Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Secondary Education                      11,607                -               -              -               -

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Improved Quality Teaching and
                                    Learning MCA
                                    Professional Development and                    -         1,000            500                -               -
                                    Support

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Outcomes for Target Student
                                    Groups MCA
                                    Learning Support                           1,912          3,911          4,448                -               -

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense

                                    Primary and Secondary
                                    Education MCA
                                    Primary Education                               -        39,786         45,242                -               -

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Secondary Education                             -        23,736         26,992                -               -

                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
Pay Equity                          Primary and Secondary
                                    Education MCA
                                    Support and Resources for                       -         3,403                -              -               -
                                    Education Providers

                                    Departmental Output Expense

                                                            The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2    15
Vote Education                                                                                                    Part 1.1 - New Policy Initiatives

                                                                                  2019/20
                                                                                     Final      2020/21    2021/22      2022/23       2023/24
                                                                                 Budgeted        Budget   Estimated    Estimated     Estimated
Policy Initiative                      Appropriation                                 $000          $000        $000         $000          $000

Raising the Profile and                Secondary Education                         (5,382)            -           -             -              -
Strengthening the Pipeline into
Vocational Education (see also         Non-Departmental Output
Vote Tertiary Education in the         Expense
Education and Workforce Sector
                                       Secondary-Tertiary Interface                 12,205            -           -             -              -
and Vote Social Development in
the Social Services and                Non-Departmental Output
Community Sector)                      Expense

                                       Improved Quality Teaching and
                                       Learning MCA
                                       Support and Resources for                     1,472        1,028           -             -              -
                                       Teachers
                                       Departmental Output Expense

                                       Primary and Secondary
                                       Education MCA

                                       Secondary Education                                  -    13,646     13,646        13,646         13,646

                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
Recent Settlements of Teachers'        Early Learning                               14,804       25,913     34,485        35,133         35,133
and Principals' Collective
Agreements                             Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
                                       Primary Education                          158,544             -           -             -              -

                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
                                       Secondary Education                          92,600            -           -             -              -

                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
                                       Scholarships and Awards for                     665        2,055      2,683         2,700          2,700
                                       Teachers and Trainees
                                       Benefits or Related Expense

                                       Outcomes for Target Student
                                       Groups MCA

                                       Learning Support                              9,279       19,738     25,241        25,609         25,609

                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
                                       Primary and Secondary
                                       Education MCA
                                       Primary Education                                    -   324,695    415,905       420,987       420,987

                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
                                       Secondary Education                                  -   223,469    284,338       290,585       290,585

                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense

16    The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2
Part 1.1 - New Policy Initiatives                                                                                                      Vote Education

                                                                            2019/20
                                                                               Final        2020/21        2021/22        2022/23         2023/24
                                                                           Budgeted          Budget       Estimated      Estimated       Estimated
Policy Initiative                   Appropriation                              $000            $000            $000           $000            $000
School High Health Needs Fund       Outcomes for Target Student
                                    Groups MCA
                                    Interventions for Target Student            1,600          2,777          4,163           4,090          4,090
                                    Groups
                                    Departmental Output Expense
                                    Learning Support                                 -            21              50             50                50
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Primary and Secondary
                                    Education MCA
                                    Primary Education                                -           213            506             506               506
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Secondary Education                              -           127            302             302               302
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
School Investment Package           School Property Portfolio                   1,850         11,780         25,930         34,000          34,000
                                    Management
                                    Departmental Output Expense
Schools Payroll Strategy and        Primary and Secondary
Compliance                          Education MCA
                                    Support and Resources for                        -         2,000                -              -                -
                                    Education Providers
                                    Departmental Output Expense
Settlement of Non-Teaching Staff Primary Education                            12,916                -               -              -                -
Collective of Agreements
                                 Non-Departmental Output
                                 Expense
                                    Secondary Education                         7,706               -               -              -                -
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Improved Quality Teaching and
                                    Learning MCA
                                    Professional Development and                     -           500            500             500               500
                                    Support
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Outcomes for Target Student
                                    Groups MCA
                                    Learning Support                            1,270          2,298          2,495           2,495          2,495
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Primary and Secondary
                                    Education MCA
                                    Primary Education                                -        23,381         25,384         25,384          25,384
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense
                                    Secondary Education                              -        13,949         15,144         15,144          15,144
                                    Non-Departmental Output
                                    Expense

                                                             The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2     17
Vote Education                                                                                                      Part 1.1 - New Policy Initiatives

                                                                                  2019/20
                                                                                     Final       2020/21     2021/22      2022/23       2023/24
                                                                                 Budgeted         Budget    Estimated    Estimated     Estimated
Policy Initiative                      Appropriation                                 $000           $000         $000         $000          $000

Support State Sector             School Property Portfolio                                  -      1,325       1,752         2,944          3,861
Decarbonisation to Deliver Low   Management
Emissions Energy Investments
(see also Vote Business, Science Departmental Output Expense
and Innovation in the Economic
Development and Infrastructure
Sector)
Supporting Kōhanga Reo Cost            Early Learning                                       -     22,555      23,118        23,626         24,071
Pressures
                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense

Supporting the Education               School Property Portfolio                            -     15,000            -             -              -
Infrastructure Service                 Management
                                       Departmental Output Expense

Supporting Playcentre                  Early Learning                                       -        762         768           771            772
Sustainability
                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
Supporting the Teaching Council Contribution to the Teaching                                -     11,000       5,500              -              -
to Transition to an Annual      Council of Aotearoa
Practising Certificate Fee      New Zealand
                                       Non-Departmental Output
                                       Expense
Total Initiatives                                                                 448,625       1,254,590   1,298,237    1,056,679     1,075,953

18    The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2
1.2 - Trends in the Vote

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Part 1.2 - Trends in the Vote
                                                                                     Summary of Financial Activity

                                                                                                                                       2015/16     2016/17      2017/18     2018/19         2019/20                         2020/21                     2021/22     2022/23     2023/24
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Non-
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Departmental Departmental
                                                                                                                                                                                           Final   Estimated Transactions Transactions         Total
                                                                                                                                         Actual      Actual       Actual      Actual   Budgeted        Actual      Budget       Budget       Budget    Estimated   Estimated   Estimated
                                                                                                                                          $000        $000         $000        $000        $000         $000         $000         $000         $000         $000        $000        $000
                                                                                     Appropriations
                                                                                     Output Expenses                                  3,595,070   3,699,206    3,894,503   4,052,292   4,339,367   4,329,727    2,023,770    2,441,760     4,465,530   4,568,255   4,656,584   4,743,066
                                                                                     Benefits or Related Expenses                       33,852      34,354       38,147      37,883      47,772       47,772          N/A       51,558       51,558      50,519      53,349      52,903
                                                                                     Borrowing Expenses                                       -           -            -           -           -           -            -             -            -           -           -           -
                                                                                     Other Expenses                                     70,865      65,206       71,517      77,374      82,825       78,118            -       69,123       69,123      69,123      69,123      67,683
                                                                                     Capital Expenditure                               797,547     966,007     1,030,141   1,077,700   1,054,682   1,040,550    1,171,891       54,742     1,226,633   1,195,159    933,529     772,231
The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2

                                                                                     Intelligence and Security Department Expenses            -           -            -           -           -           -            -          N/A             -           -           -           -
                                                                                     and Capital Expenditure
                                                                                     Multi-Category Expenses and Capital
                                                                                     Expenditure (MCA)
                                                                                        Output Expenses                               6,244,374   6,329,976    6,556,101   6,890,525   7,475,501   7,452,964      593,486    7,534,883     8,128,369   8,171,131   8,150,998   8,210,917
                                                                                        Other Expenses                                        -           -            -           -           -           -            -             -            -           -           -           -
                                                                                        Capital Expenditure                                   -           -            -           -      6,418        6,418          N/A             -            -           -           -           -
                                                                                     Total Appropriations                            10,741,708 11,094,749    11,590,409 12,135,774 13,006,565 12,955,549       3,789,147   10,152,066    13,941,213 14,054,187 13,863,583 13,846,800
                                                                                     Crown Revenue and Capital Receipts
                                                                                     Tax Revenue                                              -           -            -           -           -           -          N/A             -            -           -           -           -
                                                                                     Non-Tax Revenue                                     5,786       6,603        4,296            -      4,965        4,965          N/A        4,965        4,965       4,965       4,965       4,965
                                                                                     Capital Receipts                                         -           -            -           -           -           -          N/A             -            -           -           -           -
                                                                                     Total Crown Revenue and Capital Receipts            5,786       6,603        4,296            -      4,965        4,965          N/A        4,965        4,965       4,965       4,965       4,965

                                                                                     Note - where restructuring of the vote has occurred then, to the extent practicable, prior years information has been restated as if the restructuring had occurred

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Vote Education
                                                                                     before the beginning of the period covered. In this instance Total Appropriations for the Budgeted and Estimated Actual year may not equal Total Annual
                                                                                     Appropriations and Forecast Permanent Appropriations and Multi-Year Appropriations in the Details of Appropriations and Capital Injections.
 19
Vote Education                                                                                                          Part 1.2 - Trends in the Vote

Adjustments to the Summary of Financial Activity Table Due to Vote
Restructuring

                                                                                                                  2019/20     2019/20
                                                                                                                     Final Estimated
                                                                  2015/16     2016/17     2017/18     2018/19   Budgeted        Actual
                                                              Adjustments Adjustments Adjustments Adjustments Adjustments Adjustments
                                                                     $000        $000        $000        $000        $000        $000
Appropriations
Output Expenses                                                (5,272,876) (5,326,589) (5,519,664) (5,751,917) (6,209,735) (6,195,815)
Benefits or Related Expenses                                               -                -           -           -              -             -
Borrowing Expenses                                                         -                -           -           -              -             -
Other Expenses                                                             -                -           -           -              -             -
Capital Expenditure                                                        -                -           -           -              -             -
Intelligence and Security Department Expenses and                          -                -           -           -              -             -
Capital Expenditure
Multi-Category Expenses and Capital Expenditure
(MCA)
     Output Expenses                                             5,272,876      5,326,589       5,519,664   5,751,917    6,209,735      6,195,815
     Other Expenses                                                        -                -           -           -              -             -
     Capital Expenditure                                                   -                -           -           -              -             -
Total Appropriations                                                       -                -           -           -              -             -
Crown Revenue and Capital Receipts
Tax Revenue                                                                -                -           -           -              -             -
Non-Tax Revenue                                                            -                -           -           -              -             -
Capital Receipts                                                           -                -           -           -              -             -
Total Crown Revenue and Capital Receipts                                   -                -           -           -              -             -

The prior year information in the Summary of Financial Activity table has been restated to reflect the
current Vote structure.

20    The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2
Part 1.3 - Analysis of Significant Trends                                                                              Vote Education

1.3 - Analysis of Significant Trends
Significant changes in departmental and non-departmental appropriations related to early childhood
education and schooling between 2015/16 and 2023/24 are discussed briefly below.

Departmental Expenditure
The largest component of departmental output expenditure relates to the provision of school land and
buildings, including capital charge, depreciation and Public Private Partnership contractual payments. The
major changes here relate to movements in the value of the property portfolio after additional government
investment in schools, the annual revaluation of the portfolio and property disposals. There are also
increased costs related to delivering a more extensive works programme and managing a growing
property portfolio. In 2016/17, the capital charge rate was reduced from 8% to 7% from 1 July 2016 and to
6% from 1 January 2017.

Other significant changes to departmental funding include:

• increased provision for services for students with learning support needs, including provision for
  teacher aides, and additional in-class support, Intensive Wraparound Services, adjustments to funding
  levels for the Ongoing Resourcing Scheme, School High Health Needs Fund, teacher aides and other
  supports (both for price and volume changes) and settlements of related collective agreements

• the development of various systems, such as an education-wide funding system and initiatives to
  support the implementation of a managed network for all schools and support for the design and
  delivery of curriculum resources for students and teachers in Māori language in education provision, in
  particular Māori-medium education

• provision for improving and accelerating education outcomes for Pacific learners to ensure they and
  their families have their identities, languages and cultures valued and respected and have the skills,
  knowledge, and equitable opportunities to pursue any education pathway

• support for the implementation of Communities of Learning | Kāhui Ako that peaked in 2017/18 and
  2018/19

• provision for improving data quality, availability and timeliness which will enable the education system
  to know about the people in its care and how best to position services in a timely and efficient manner,
  and that will address the needs of each learner and their community and whānau

• implementing a Free and Healthy School Lunch prototype for Year 1 to 8 students

• initiatives for raising the profile of and strengthening the pipeline into vocational education

• supporting the maintenance of services through capital operating swaps, procurement efficiency
  savings and occasional transfers from non-departmental programmes

• delivery of the extensive education work programme

• provision for the cost of establishing, designing and implementing required changes to ensure that the
  schools payroll service is compliant with Holidays Act 2003 legislation (and assessing and remediating
  any resulting liability), as well as assessing and negotiating a range of pay equity claims and
  implementing resulting settlements, and

• support for the implementation of changes in the Education Act 1989 to deliver increased student
  achievement.

                                               The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2    21
Vote Education                                                                              Part 1.3 - Analysis of Significant Trends

Departmental output expense appropriations Interventions for Target Student Groups and Support and
Resources for Teachers were moved to multi-category appropriations from 2016/17, and Stewardship of
the Education System and Policy Advice were moved to another multi-category appropriation from
2017/18. Support and Resources for Education Providers will be moved to the Primary and Secondary
Education MCA from 2020/21.

Departmental Capital Expenditure
Most capital expenditure by the Ministry of Education relates to the State school property portfolio, either
through school projects or projects managed by the Ministry. Movements between years mainly relate to
factors such as site purchases and the timing of new schools' roll-growth classrooms and redevelopment
projects. There is also an ongoing focus on expenditure in Christchurch to remediate damage from the
2010 and 2011 earthquakes and reflect demographic change. Also included is expenditure on school
Information and Communications Technology (ICT) network upgrades (including broadband), as well as
the development of information systems.

Capital Injections
Additional capital provided to the Ministry over the period mainly relates to the expansion and upgrading
of the school property portfolio (including the recent School Investment Package), the Christchurch
Schools Rebuild Programme, and repayment of service concession liabilities to the private sector
partners for schools built under Public Private Partnerships. Also reflected is provision for energy
efficiency initiatives in schools, and the development and upgrade of information systems such as the
Education Resourcing System and to address learners' needs by improving data quality, availability,
timeliness and capability.

Non-Departmental Outputs
From 2018/19, most non-departmental other expense appropriations and categories under multi-category
appropriations were reclassified as non-departmental output expenses, including Early Childhood
Education, Primary Education, Secondary Education and Learning Support (under the Outcomes for
Target Student Groups MCA).

From 2020/21, the largest appropriations in the Vote (Primary Education and Secondary Education) have
been combined under Primary and Secondary Education MCA, together with Secondary-Tertiary
Interface and School Risk Management Scheme.

Changes in non-departmental output expenses are principally owing to a combination of:

• roll-related increases in early childhood education sessional payments, as well as revised funding
  rates and increased provision for equity funding

• roll-related increases in funding for schooling, including teacher salaries, as well as provision for
  improved operations funding rates for schools

• the impact of wage settlements for teachers and principals (including the flow-on of these costs to the
  early childhood education sector), as well as changes to Accident Compensation Commission (ACC)
  rates and the take up of superannuation subsidies

• provision for current and former school staff who have not been paid in accordance with the
  requirements of the Holidays Act 2003, although final entitlements are still to be determined

• the impact of pay equity settlements for school staff such as teacher aides, as well as a contribution
  toward the settlement of non-teaching staff collective agreements setting the current living wage as a
  minimum rate

22    The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2
Part 1.3 - Analysis of Significant Trends                                                                             Vote Education

• funding for schools to replace parental donations to alleviate financial pressure on families who
  struggle to pay school donations, as well as benefiting eligible schools by providing greater certainty of
  revenue or increased revenue

• initiatives addressing the consequences of the COVID-19 lock-down, initially in 2019/20 and 2020/21,
  including ensuring the availability of childcare for the children of essential workers and providing some
  students with access to online teaching and learning

• initiatives to improve pay for qualified and certificated early childhood teachers in education and care
  services to increase teacher's wellbeing and improve retention; to support financial sustainability to the
  playcentres; and to fund the home-based early learning education to become qualified

• other initiatives in the schooling sector, including provision for English for Speakers of Other
  Languages, and Youth Guarantee services, with reallocations from Youth Guarantee funding (in Vote
  Tertiary Education) for additional Trades Academy places

• funding from 2019/20 to address staffing cost pressures for kōhanga reo, in the context of helping to
  respond to and resolve the Wai 2336 kōhanga reo claim findings

• restarting Te Kotahitanga to supporting equitable outcomes for Māori learners by addressing cultural
  bias and racism in the education system (Te Hurihanganui) and supporting whānau to engage in the
  education of Māori learners (Mana Whānau)

• support for the implementation of Communities of Learning | Kāhui Ako from 2015 through 2019/20
  when the numbers of these communities stabilise

• implementing a Free and Healthy School Lunch prototype for Year 1-8 students

• steady growth in the demand for (and costs) of school transport services, partly offset by efficiency
  savings identified in 2015/16 and 2016/17

• introduction of new Learning Support Coordinator roles from 2019/20 as well as bolstering the support
  for other interventions for children and young people with learning support needs including maintaining
  the level of funding in light of growing student numbers

• support for the Teaching Council (previously Education Council) of Aotearoa New Zealand through to
  2021/22 to deliver its new functions under the Education Amendment Act 2015 and transition to an
  annual practising certificate fee

• various initiatives to continue to increase the levels of teacher supply for the future, complimented by
  initiatives in Vote Tertiary Education

• support for New Zealand Qualifications Authority development of National Certificate of Educational
  Achievement Online for delivery of digital assessments and learning as well as the removal of the
  NCEA assessment fee for all students

• the impact of reprioritisation decisions and other efficiencies including improving the cost-effectiveness
  of professional learning and development from 2016/17

• provision for the Home Interaction Programme for Parents and Youngsters moved from Vote Social
  Development from 2016/17

• the transfer of career services functions to Vote Tertiary Education (Tertiary Education Commission)
  from 2017/18, and

• provision for a Teacher-Led Innovation Fund from 2015/16 to 2019/20.

                                              The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2    23
Vote Education                                                                              Part 1.3 - Analysis of Significant Trends

Non-departmental output expense appropriations Professional Development and Support, Curriculum
Support, Students Attendance and Engagement, and Service Academies were moved to multi-category
appropriations from 2016/17. The Education Research Initiatives and the Independent Advice on
Government Priority Area component of the Provision of Information and Advisory Services
(disestablished) appropriation also moved to a multi-category appropriation from 2017/18. A new multi-
category appropriation called Oversight and Administration of the Qualifications System MCA was
created from 2018/19 comprising the functions and activities of the New Zealand Qualifications Authority
across several output appropriations.

Benefits or Related Expenses
From 2018/19, most Benefits or Related Expenses appropriations were consolidated under two separate
appropriations, Scholarships and Awards for Students and Scholarships and Awards for Teachers and
Trainees. The major differences from then relate to the settlements of teachers' collective agreements,
teacher supply initiatives and the establishment of the Prime Minister's Vocational Excellence Awards.

Non-Departmental Other Expenses
Non-departmental other expenses comprised the majority of funding in Vote Education until 2018/19
when most of these appropriations or categories under multi-category appropriations were reclassified as
non-departmental output expenses, including Early Childhood Education, Primary Education, Secondary
Education and Learning Support. Discussion of changes to baselines under these appropriations over the
forecast period is therefore reflected under non-departmental output expenses above.

Of the remaining other expense appropriations, the major changes relate to:

• provision for increased property grants due to changes in State-integrated school rolls and movement
  in the value of the State school property portfolio

• contributions to the cost of new State-integrated schools or additional classrooms, including from
  the removal of the charter schools model

• recognition of the impact of past education policy changes on property-related costs at State-
  integrated schools, as well as provision for the seismic strengthening of buildings in greater
  Christchurch, and

• provision for occasional impairment and balance sheet adjustments.

Non-Departmental Capital Expenditure
The major changes in non-departmental capital expenditure over the period relate to provision for
furniture and equipment for new school buildings, including funding for broadband initiatives and school
network upgrades. Other significant changes include:

• a loan for the sustainability of the payroll over 2018/19 to 2020/21, and

• provision for the New Zealand Qualifications Authority to implement NCEA Online.

24    The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2
Part 1.4 - Reconciliation of Changes in Appropriation Structure                                                                     Vote Education

1 . 4 - Re c o n c i l i a t i o n o f Ch a n g e s i n A p p r o p r i a t i o n S t r u c t u r e
                                                        Old Structure                                       New Structure
                                          Appropriations to which
                                 2019/20 Expenses (or Capital               Amount                                       2019/20
2019/20 Appropriations          (Current) Expenditure) have been             Moved 2019/20 Appropriations              (Restated)        2020/21
in the 2019/20 Structure            $000 Moved from or to                     $000 in the 2020/21 Structure                 $000            $000
                                                                                      Multi-Category Expenses
                                                                                      and Capital Expenditure
                                                                                      Primary and Secondary
                                                                                      Education MCA
Departmental Output                                                                   Departmental Output
Expense                                                                               Expense
Support and Resources           127,657 Transferred to Support and        (127,657) Support and Resources for             127,657        127,809
for Education Providers                 Resources for Education                     Education Providers
                                        Providers, category of
                                        Primary and Secondary
                                        Education MCA
                                          Transferred from Support         127,657
                                          and Resources for
                                          Education Providers
Non-Departmental                                                                      Non-Departmental
Output Expenses                                                                       Output Expenses
Primary Education              3,547,444 Transferred to Primary         (3,547,444) Primary Education                  3,547,444       3,868,725
                                         Education, category of
                                         Primary and Secondary
                                         Education MCA
School Risk                        5,000 Transferred to School Risk         (5,000) School Risk Management                  5,000          5,000
Management Scheme                        Management Scheme,                         Scheme
                                         category of Primary and
                                         Secondary Education MCA
Secondary Education            2,428,959 Transferred to Secondary       (2,428,959) Secondary Education                2,529,634       2,806,268
                                         Education, category of                     (including Secondary-
                                         Primary and Secondary                      Tertiary Interface)
                                         Education MCA
                                          Transferred from Primary       3,547,444
                                          Education
                                          Transferred from School             5,000
                                          Risk Management Scheme
                                          Transferred from               2,428,959
                                          Secondary Education
Secondary-Tertiary              100,675 Transferred to Secondary          (100,675)
Interface                               Education
                                          Transferred from Secondary-      100,675
                                          Tertiary Interface
Early Childhood                2,034,613 Renamed                                      Early Learning                   2,034,613       2,138,602
Education
Support for Early                 11,226 Renamed                                      Support for Early                    11,226         11,226
Childhood Education                                                                   Learning Providers
Providers
Multi-Category Expenses
and Capital Expenditure
Oversight of the                                                                      Oversight of the
Education System MCA                                                                  Education System MCA
Departmental Output                                                                   Departmental Output
Expenses                                                                              Expense
Ministerial Services               4,408 Transferred to Stewardship         (4,408)
                                         and Oversight of the
                                         Education System,
                                         category of Oversight of the
                                         Education System MCA

                                                            The Estimates of Appropriations 2020/21 - Education and Workforce Sector B.5 Vol.2    25
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