Vetiver system for soil and water conservation on the Burma-Thailand gas pipeline and community outreach programs p g - byby Dr.Songkiert ...

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Vetiver system for soil and water conservation on
         the Burma-Thailand gas pipeline
       and community  y outreach p
                                 programs
                                    g

                         by

              Dr.Songkiert Tansamrit
             Executive Vice President
        PTT Research & Technology Institute

                   22 February 2008                 1
Agenda

   • Company
     C       profile
                fil

   • Th
     The use off vetiver
                   ti    grass system
                                  t   for
                                      f erosion
                                             i control
                                                     t l andd
     slope stabilization along the yadana gas pipeline project
     right of way

   • Huay Khayeng, Thailand vetiver cultivation exemplar

   • The vetiver development and promotion as initiated by His
     Majesty the King Contest

   • Conclusion

                                                                 2
PTT Group Value Added in Business Value Chain

                 Upstream                   Intermediate                             Downstream                         End Customer
                                                                Natural Gas
                                                                    Mix
                                                                                      Power Plants                          Electricity
                                            Pipeline
                               Natural                                                            Industry
Gas

                                Gas                                          Sales Gas

                                                                   Gas
                   PTTEP                                        Separation           Mother Station           PTT Stations DCS in Airport
                                                                  Plants                                NGV
                           GSP Products                        GSP Products
                           (C2, C3, LPG, NGL)
                                                                                      Compresso
                                                                                          r
                      Crude &                            NGL         Transportatio
                      Condensate                                          n                             Oil
                                         Crude &
                                         Condensate
Oil

                                                                                                      G
                                                                                                    LPG
O

                  Crude Oil
                 Procurement    Tradin                 PTTRF
                                  g
                                         Petroleum                                    Lube Base Plant
                                         Products
                                               P t
                                               Petrochemical
                                                      h i l Plants
                                                              Pl t                                            E d Products
                                                                                                              End P d t
                                                : Intermediates (MEG, Phenol, etc.)
Petrrochemical

                                                                                       Plastic
                                                                                       Resins

                                                                                                                      Export
                 Olefins & Aromatics                                                                                  Markets
                 Plants
                                                                                                                                            3
PTT Shareholder Structure

                                       America
                            Europe          3.9%

                   A i
                   Asia             10 4%
                                    10.4%

                             4.7%

 Public (SET) /                13.2%               Ministry of Finance
 Thai Financial Institute                          52.3%
                                                                Ownership :
                                                                Ministry of Finance
                                                                ‘Direct and Indirect’ ~
                                     15.5%                      68%, Public ~ 32%
               Vayupak
                 y p Fund

                                                                                          4
PTT Performance & Recognition
                   Largest Thai Public Company                                                                   Shareholding Structure                      (as of Sep 20, 2007)

                                                                                                       Ministry of Finance 52.17%, Vayupak Fund 15.50%,
                                                                     Market Cap. (Bt mn)      %
                                                                                                       Institutional & Public Investors 32.33%
                                                   SET                        6,211,611    100

                                                   PTT G
                                                       Group                  1 999 275
                                                                              1,999,275    32 2
                                                                                           32.2                                Award Recognitions
                      PTT                          PTT                          918,469    14.8
                      15%                                                                                                              207th : World’s Largest Corporations 2007
                                                   PTTEP                        497,910       8.0

                         Affiliates                IRPC                         109,200       1.8
                                                                                                                               354th : World’s 2,000 Leading Companies 2007
                              17%                  TOP                          162,182       2.6

                                                   PTTCH                        166,119       2.7                   1st : Large-Cap Corporate of the Year 2005/06 in Thailand
          Others                                                                                                    1st : Best Company in Thailand for CG 2006
           68%                                     PTTAR                        120,027       1.9
                                                                                                                           1st : Best Managed Company in Thailand 2006
                                                   BCP                           14,661       0.2                          1st : Best Corporate Governance in Thailand 2006
                                                   TIP                            5,250    0.08
Note : All data as of 11 Jan 2008;                 BAFS                            ,
                                                                                  5,457    0.09               27st : Top 250 Global Energy Companies Asia/Pacific 2007
SET=796.47
SET 796 47 (P/E=11.56),     PTT=326
              (P/E 11 56) PTT    326 (P/E=10.33)
                                     (P/E 10 33)

                                                                                                                                     CG Regognition Awards 2006 & 2007
                      Relative Size to Economy
Bn THB                                                                                                                 Global Top 40 Executives in Chemical by ICIS 2006
9000
                                                                PTT Group represents
                   8,438
                                                                     large portion of
8000                                                                                                                              1st : The Top Performers in Asia 2005
                                                                       Thai economy
7000                                                                                                                           1st   : Best Managed Company in Asia 2005
                                      SET 73.6%
6000                                                                                                                           1st : Best Managed Company Oil&Gas 2008
5000
                                                                                                                        1st : Best in Corporate Governance in Thailand 2005
4000
3000                                                                                                                          1st : Best CEO in Thailand 2005
                                                           PTT Group 23.7%
2000
                                                                           PTT 10.9%
                                                                                                                   Commitment to Social and Environmental Issues 2003/05/06
1000
                                                                                                                   Commitment to Energy Saving 2005/2006
     0
           GDP (2007E)                                                                                          Board of the Year Awards 2002/2003 & 2004/2005 & 2006/2007
                             Sovereign Ratings                                                                    1st : Best CEO 2005 / 1st : Best CSR / Best CG Report 2005
                                                                                                                  1st : Best Investor Relations (IR)2003 / 2006
             Foreign Rating                                    Moody’s *                S&P                       Distinction in Maintaining Excellent Corporate Report
             Thailand                                              A3                  BBB+
                                                                                                    รางว ัลร ัฐวิสาหกิจดีเด่น จากกระทรวงการคล ัง
             PTT                                                   A2                  BBB+               ปี 2549 : คณะกรรมการร ัฐวิสาหกิจดีเด่น/ คณะกรรมการดีเด่น/ CSR ดีเด่น
             * Bond rating
                                                                                                                                                                                      5
                                                                                                          ปี 2550 : การบริหารจ ัดการองค์กรดีเด่น/ ผลการดําเนินงานดีเด่น/ CSR ดีเด่น
Agenda

   • Company
     C       profile
                fil

   • Th
     The use off vetiver
                   ti    grass system
                                  t   for
                                      f erosion
                                             i control
                                                     t l andd
     slope stabilization along the yadana gas pipeline project
     right of way

   • Huay Khayeng, Thailand vetiver cultivation exemplar

   • The vetiver development and promotion as initiated by His
     Majesty the King Contest

   • Conclusion

                                                                 6
Introduction

• The Yadana Gas Pipeline Project needs to pass through a 50-kilometer
 stretch of the forest area, along which 20 meters construction right of
 way (R/W) are used, amounting to 600 - rai area.

                                 • Construction involves strip surface
                                  clearing, resulting in bare soil after
                                  pipeline
                                   i li installation,
                                           i t ll ti    thereby
                                                        th b exposed     d
                                  to immediate soil erosion impact.

                                 • Vetiver grass plays a significant role in
                                  permanent soil erosion prevention and
                                  rehabilitation of the area.

                                                                               7
Rationale

            • Thailand is a net energy import country,
             with 30% domestic production and 70%
             import.
            • At present, Thailand’s
                           Thailand s commercial
              energy consumption is 900,000 barrels
              per day of oil equivalent: comprising oil,
              lignite, natural gas and hydropower.

            • Natural gas is cleaner among petroleum
             fuels. It meets both economic objective
             fuels
             and environmental concern, as well as
             safety aspect.

            • As natural gas resources in the Gulf of
              Thailand is quite limited, replacement
              and additional supply
                             s ppl must
                                      m st be procured
                                               proc red
              from neighboring countries.
                                                           8
The procedures of the use Vetiver Grass System for Control and
      Slope Stabilization along the Yadana Gas Pipeline Right of Way

    Project                                                     Consideration
                               Existing                              on
  Description
                            Environmental                       Construction
                              Condition                          St t
                                                                 Strategy &
                                                                 Techniques
                                                                                    Formulate
           Pipeline Route            Ranking                                        Combined
                                                  Formulate
              Selection              Utmost                                        Strategy for
                                                 Strategy for
                                     I
                                     Impactt     Application                     Implementation
                                                                                       Plan

            Environmental           Mitigation
             Evaluation             Measure                                      Implementation
                                                                                      and
                                                                                   Evaluation

Consideration on            Environmental                       Consideration
                                                                C   id ti
  Alternative                  Impact                                on
    Routes                   Assessment                         rehabilitation

                                                                                            9
Project Description

                                • Laying a 238.5-kilometer
                                            238 5 kilometer natural gas
                                  pipeline from Thai border at Ban I tong,
                                  Thong Pha Phum, Kanchanaburi
                                  province
                                      i     to
                                            t the
                                               th Ratchaburi
                                                   R t h b i Power
                                                              P      Plant
                                                                     Pl t
                                  The pipeline construction of the 42-inch
                                  diameter (105-centimeter) requires the
                                  di i off 2.5-meter-wide
                                  digging     25     t   id andd 2.5-meter-
                                                                 25     t
                                  deep trench and installation.

• There are 12 block valve stations and one Operation & Maintenance
  Center in Ratchaburi province to control gas transmission
                                               transmission.
•
                   g on March 24,, 1997 and completed
• Construction began                           p      on June 30,1998.
                                                                ,
  (July 1,1998 is the Agreement deadline.)

                                                                         10
Environmental Impact Assessment

                        • Pipeline route selection; comparing
            Thailand     preliminary impact assessment;
                         and selecting the route with minimal
                         environmental impact.

                        • Assess environmental impact of the
                         chosen route in details, covering
                         13 issues on forest, wildlife, ecological
                         system and community by studying
  Myanmar                       - Pre-construction conditions
                                - Impact due to the construction

                                                                     11
Significant of Environmental Impact

Among the 13 environmental impact issues
                                   issues, soil erosion is prioritized as
the utmost immediate impact due to the following reasons :

                                   1. Characteristics of construction that
                                     immediately exposed soil to the
                                     erosion impact.
                                   2. Slope Complex Soil Series in the
                                     forest area along KP 0 to KP 27 :
                                     Erosion rate would increased by
                                     100 times compared with existing
                                     conditions of the area.
                                   3. The impact on water quality, soil
                                     fertility, community and above all
                                     the pipe itself.

                                                                             12
Strategic Approaches : Soil Erosion and Rehabilitation

Construction Strategies and Techniques

                                     • In the areas with Slope Complex Soil
               Berm                   Series and in high mountain areas
                                      from KP 0 to KP 27, construction must
                Soft Plugs plastic    be done and completed in one dry
               sacks (interwoven)
                                      season.

                                     • Build Permanent Physical Erosion
                                      Control Structure

                                        – Erosion prevention in the R/W

                                        – Build berms to divert and water
                                         to nearby stabilized areas
                                         outside the R/W
                                        – Build surface drainage control
                                         device
                                                                              13
Engineering Erosion Control Structure

     Diversion Berm : Herring bone   Diversion Berm : Ladder berm

                  Soft Plugs         Drainage system e.g. Riprap

                                                                    14
Physical Permanent Erosion Control Structure
  with Agronomic and Revegetation Erosion Control

KP 1+800 : 2001                                           KP 1+800 : 2001
Jute sacks and vetiver grasses
were used to rebuild berms.

                                             KP 1+ 800 : 2002
                                             Live stakes
                                             Li    t k were pegged     d to
                                                                         t hold
                                                                            h ld
                                             the soil-filled jute sacks together
                                             with vetiver grasses.
                                                                                   15
The Progress of Vetiver Grass System & Lessons Learned

  A total of 5,000 live stakes of 7 native plants were used to peg into the jute sacks.

      1.   Garuga pinnata Roxb.
      2.   Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) B.L.Burtt & Hill
      3.   Pterocarpus indicus Hasm.
      4.   Lagerstroemia tomentosa Presl
      5
      5.   Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk
                                 (Hassk.))
      6.   Cephalanthus tetrandra (Roxb.) Ridsdale & Bakhf.
      7.   Elaeocarpus hygrophilus Kurz.
                                                                                      16
Strategic Approaches : Soil Erosion and Rehabilitation

Botanical Strategies and Techniques
                                      • Grow 1.5 million vetiver
                                       grass slips in the areas
                                       with
                                        i h high
                                            hi h risks
                                                   i k off erosion,
                                                               i
                                       according to technical
                                       principles.

                                      • Grow grass and leguminous
                                       cover to enhance soil
                                       richness
                                       richness.

                                      • Grow a total of 61,250
                                       perennial trees, 3 meters
                                       from pipeline center along
                                       the pipeline R/W

                                                                   17
The Application of Engineering and Botanical Techniques
 with Vetiver Grass Slip Planting Positioning

                                Engineering Erosion Control            Re-vegetation & Agronomic
                                         Structure                          Erosion Control
    Classification                                          Soft                          Grass
                                   Special
                                   S   i l              Plugs&Berms    Vetiver   Tree       +
                                 Techniques                 and        Grass             Legume
                                                     Drainage System
E0 = Low Risk                           -                       -        -        ( )

E1 = Moderate Risk                      -                       -        -
E2 = High Risk                          -
E3 = Very High Risk

• Remarks : In E0 areas,, growing
                          g     g trees mayy not be required.
                                                      q

                                                                                                   18
0

          0
                                                                                                                                                                                    800

              800
                                                                                                                               1600
                                                                                                                                                                                                1600
025+040                                                                                                                                                               000+000
025+482                                                                                                                                                               000+562
025+795                                                                                                                                                               001+150
026+154
                                                                                                                                                                      001+578
026+488
                                                                                                                                                                      002+064
026+869

                                                                                                                                                      Ground Level
                                                                                                                                                                      002+627
027+183
                                                                                                                                                                      002+997
027+779
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Ground Level (m)

                                                                                                                                                      (m)
028+166                                                                                                                                                               003+414

028+500                                                                                                                                                               003+776

028+889                                                                                                                                                               004+257
029+406                                                                                                                                                               004+654
029+805                                                                                                                                                               005+049
030+325                                                                                                                                                               005+693
030+706
                                                                                                                                                                      006+249
031+090
                                                                                                                                                                      006+752
031+385
                                                                                                                                                                      007+437
031+898
                                                                                                                                                                      007+972
032+458
032+935                                                                                                                                                               008+472

033+279                                                                                                                                                               008+977

033+706                                                                                                                                                               009+419
033+950                                                                                                                                                               009+966
034+240                                                                                                                                                               110+489
034+543                                                                                                                                                               110+984
034+977
                                                                                                                                                                      111+522
035+495
                                                                                                                                                                      111+974
035+972
                                                                                                                                                                      112+389
                                                                                                                                                                                          KP 0- KP 25

036+336
                                                   KP 25 – KP 50
                                                                                                                                                                      113+018
036+629
036+999                                                                                                                                                              0113+505

037+385                                                                                                                                                              0113+966

037+777                                                                                                                                                              0114+535
038+252                                                                                                                                                              0115+201
038+703                                                                                                                                                              0115+733
039+052
                                                                                                                                                                     0116+219
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Vetiver grass combined with re-vegetation,

040+154
                                                                                                                                                                     0116+746
040+977
                                                                                                                                                                     0117+260
041+444
                                                                                                                                                                     0117+919
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Identify the Erosion Rating Risk R/W Profile

042+082
                                                                                                                                                                     0118+700
042+656
043+548                                                                                                                                                              0119+252

044+259                                                                                                                                                              0119+707
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                agronomic erosion control methodology and construction engineering

044+952                                                                                                                                                              0220+341
045+692                                                                                                                                                              0221+090
046+207
              Special Techniques, E3

                                                                                                                                                                     0221+625
047+003
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           methodology is a key to erosion control success in the Yadana Gas Pipeline Project

                                                                                                                                                                     0222+277
047+603
                                                                                                                                                                     0223+060
048+431
                                                                                                                                                                     0223+678
048+920
                                       Additional Vetiver Grass Growing,

                                                                                                                                                                     0224+245
                                                                                                                  Grass / Legume / Trees, E1 and E0

049+343
                                                                           Additional Vetiver Grass Growing, E2

                                                                                                                                                                     0224+957
 19
Physical Permanent Erosion Control Structure
with Agronomic and Revegetation Erosion Control

      KP 19 + 900: March 1998              KP 19 + 900: January 1999

                         KP 19 + 900: October 1999

                                                                       20
The Application of Engineering and Botanical Techniques
with Vetiver Grass Slip Planting Positioning

   KP 12 + 280: July 1997         KP 12 + 280: September 1999

                                                                21
The Application of Engineering and Botanical Techniques
with Vetiver Grass Slip Planting Positioning

        KP 46 + 300: December 1997   KP 46 + 300: July 1998

        KP 46 + 300: January 1999    KP 46 + 300: October 1998

                                                                 22
Rehabilitation performance i.e. multiplication results of the C and P Factor
          for each KP as of the end of the first and second rainy seasons

                                                                                 • Construction
            Erosion Rating                                                       • Physical Permanent Erosion Control
            (C x P Factor)
                                                                                 • Agronomic and Re-vegetation Erosion Control
            1.0
                                      46 14714
                                           304831492032
            0.9                                15     50   21
                                                           23
Very High                                2 4217
                                      567891   43  18
                                                   44  19
                                                                                              • In the 1st year,                        C x P changed to 0.4
                                                38 393540 26
                                         3 111633
                                       36403727
                                                1234
                                               45
                                              13 28 29
                                                   41
                                                          25
                                                           22
                                                           24                                                                                                                                      C Factor is Cropping
                                                                                                                                                                                                   Management Factor
            0.8                                                                               • 1st rainy season, C x P decreased to 0.24                                                          P Factor is Physical
                                                                                                                                                                                                   Erosion Control
            0.7                                                                               • 2nd rainy season, C x P improved to 0.13                                                           Structure and
   High
                                                                                                which closed to the pre-construction                                                               Erosion Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                   Practice
            06
            0.6                                                                                 period or natural condition
                                                                                                                  condition.
            0.5                                                    6 10
                                                            11 12 13                         • From KP 1 to KP 27, the rehabilitation was
                                                         1 2 3 255 22
                                                                                               slower than KP 28 to KP 50 as according
                                                                    9 23
                                                                    26  7 24
                                                                    8
 Moderate   0.4
                                                             4           14
                                                            4816
                                                           15   494217
                                                           31 32 30
                                                                     50 19 20
                                                                     18
                                                                   3335 28
                                                                     27   2140
                                                                         36
                                                                                               to the q
                                                                                                      quality
                                                                                                            y of soil that underwent
                                                             43374429
                                                                    3834
                                                                    47
                                                                        39
                                                                      4541           1 10
                                                                                   22 23
                                                                                        2 11   mining activities.
            0.3                                                                      3 4 52461225 26
                                                                 46              7 8 913 14
                                                                                          20272128                    1 2 10

            0.2                                                                         33 29                       3
                                                                                                                12 22 235 11
   Low                                                                               32 17
                                                                                 154516      18 3031
                                                                                    3446 47
                                                                                        3537 423843 44
                                                                                      194836494150
                                                                                       39  40                  24 25 26
                                                                                                                     138 439640
                                                                                                              3619372021
                                                                                                                     37 28
                                                                                                                 91627  8 1291 30                1 210
            0.1                                                                                                                           1225 322    5 11
                                                                                                                     3117321833 34 35
                                                                                                                   41 42 443544 45       24
                                                                                                                                        361937  1
                                                                                                                                                382623
                                                                                                                                                    4396294030              1911 2171 1
                       1 47304831 20 32                                                                                                    916 2021
                                                                                                                                               277 28
                                                                                                                                                   832                   1225322   51 11
                                                                                                                                                                                  23
                       46
                       242 14 17 49
                           43 15
                              44   1850
                                            21
                                            23                                                                    46 4748 49 50                 31424814333
                                                                                                                                              41347 17    144344535   36243727338
                                                                                                                                                                          92021
                                                                                                                                                                            16
                                                                                                                                                                            31
                                                                                                                                                                                 26
                                                                                                                                                                               742439
                                                                                                                                                                                 818
                                                                                                                                                                                 28
                                                                                                                                                                                 32 0629540
                                                                                                                                                                                          304535         1225 11 223
                                                                                                                                                                                                             322
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     11
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   1710
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     5611
                       3 38
                       567891
                                      19    26                                                                                               46
                                                                                                                                                    184 495 50             41
                                                                                                                                                                           46 47 4844333
                                                                                                                                                                                      494434
                                                                                                                                                                                           50         3624
                                                                                                                                                                                                         1937 338
                                                                                                                                                                                                             202126439
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     42940
                       4 451627 28 293525
                            11 33
                              391234
                                 40         22                                                                                                                                                               27
                                                                                                                                                                                                            16
                                                                                                                                                                                                          946
                                                                                                                                                                                                            41 747
                                                                                                                                                                                                              31  28
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  832
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 4218
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   484333
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        544
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       49  34
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           504535
 Normal     0.0         36037 41
                              13            24
                                                            1st Rainy Season                             2nd Rainy Season               3rd Rainy Season                 4th Rainy Season                   5th Rainy Season

                  7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 1999
                                                                        7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 2000
                                                                                                    7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 620017 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 2002
                                                                                                                                                             6 7 8 9 10 11 12
                           1997               1998
                                                                                                         Year

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    23
Significant Role of Vetiver Grass

      • As soon as vetiver slips were properly planted,
       the row of vetiver grass would immediately serve
        to prevent erosion while vegetation would take
        time to grow
                grow. Vetiver grass kept soil moisture
                                              moisture,
        maintained and enhanced the even growth of
       leguminous and grass seedlings.
      • When grown, with continuously expanding
        bushes, vetiver grass enhances and
        reinforces the Physical Erosion Control Structure
       constructed in areas with high risks of erosion to
       become Natural Permanent Erosion Control
       eventually.
       eventually

                                                            24
Significant Role of Vetiver Grass

      • Vetiver grass kept soil moisture and helped
       perennial tree saplings to grow up to
        a perennial tree as well as native species.
      • In case of erosion, the areas in which vetiver
        grass was grown would be easier for repair
        than the areas with vegetation alone
      • Local people can use leaves of vetiver grass
       in making handicrafts, making roof, etc.

                                                         25
Agenda

   • Company
     C       profile
                fil

   • Th
     The use off vetiver
                   ti    grass system
                                  t   for
                                      f erosion
                                             i control
                                                     t l andd
     slope stabilization along the yadana gas pipeline project
     right of way

   • Huay Khayeng, Thailand vetiver cultivation exemplar

   • The vetiver development and promotion as initiated by His
     Majesty the King Contest

   • Conclusion

                                                                 26
Huay Khayeng Community

                         •   Villages : Comprised of 8
                             villages, 10 communities, and
                             totaling 1,315 households (8,457
                             people)

                         •   Location: Limestone mountain
                             terrain 300 meters above sea
                             level; 10 km. from the Thailand-
                                                    Thailand
                             Myanmar border,

                         •   Occupation: Predominantly
                             husbandry, i.e.
                             rice, cassava, corn, livestock, etc.;
                             modest
                               odest labor
                                      abo force
                                            o ce

                         •   Economic status: Virtually
                             destitute due to ineffective
                             agricultural means; average
                             income equals 12,200
                             Baht/person/year (2004)             27
Vetiver Cultivation : Problems and Rationale

   In response to His Majesty the King’s wish to encourage people to
   grow vetiver for soil and water conservation, PTT initiated full-
   scale publicity statewide.

   Publicity to communities presents a daunting task as benefits
   from soil and water conservation do not yield immediate results.

   Introducing vetiver to local people may amplify existing burden

   Vetiver does not yield “instant value”; benefit from soil and water
   conservation requires time and a high level of management to be
   sustainable.

                                                                         28
Implementation Strategies

   The Participatory Process: Promotes mutuality in mentation and
   practice.

   Creating internal desire -- “inside-out” – and on a voluntary basis.

   Utilizing
   Utili i the
             th “Sufficiency
                “S ffi i     E
                             Economy Family”
                                     F il ” program as an
   incentive.

   Initiating case studies in vetiver, soil, and water conservation
   through first- hand accounts of cultivation benefits.

   Organizing vetiver- cultivation contests with a royally bestowed
   award as an inducement to communities to satisfy royal initiative

                                                                          29
Vetiver Growing Promotional Effort

4 Implementation Phases:

   Ph
   Phase I       Ph
                 Phase II           Ph
                                    Phase III         Ph
                                                      Phase IV

                                                        Exemplar
                                                       Community :
 Demonstration     Voluntary Plot      Village Plot
                                                            Full
 Plot
                                                      Participation of
                                                      th Community
                                                      the C        it

                                                                         30
Phase I : October 2003 – December 2004

Inspirational Forum             Demonstration Field            Vetiver Growing Day

          Inspirational Forum

           Illustration of benefits in vetiver cultivation
           Demonstration of vetiver cultivation on a plot specified by the community.

                                                                                        31
Phase II : January – September 2005

                                                         IIntroduction
                                                            t d ti off
                                                          development
                                                          patterns and
                                                          utilization of
                                                          vetiver leaves

H
Home d
     delivery
       li

                                   PTT fosters vetiver cultivation among
                                   willing villagers in their own fields.
                                   Officers are delegated to villages.
                                   Villagers offered first directives in
                                   self- sufficiency through a multitude of
                                   incentives.
Observed guidance                  Study tours are organized to thriving
and consultation                   vetiver areas with observed guidance
                                   and consultation.

                                                                              32
Phase III : October 2005 – February 2006

                                                              Families of Sufficient Economy

                                                                Encompassed the following criteria:

                                                                Each
                                                                E   hh
                                                                     household
                                                                            h ld participating
                                                                                     ti i ti iin the
                                                                                                 th
                                                                project had a responsibility to:
                                                                          Cultivate vetiver grass
                                                                          Cultivate vegetables
 Community leader council        Heightened registration of               R
                                                                          Regularly
                                                                                l l save money
       meeting                   vetiver growing                          (one baht a day)
                                                                          Abstain from drinking on
                                                                          religious (Buddhist) days
                                                                          E li t ffamily
                                                                          Explicate      il expenses

                                                                Binding households are then given the
                                                                option
                                                                   ti off 5 hens
                                                                            h    or 1 pig
                                                                                       i or catfish
                                                                                              tfi h within
                                                                                                     ithi
                                                                a budget equivalent to 900 baht per family
                                                                The number of participants rose from 55
                                                                households in the 2nd Phase to 250 in the
C d e helping
Children e p g with
                  t income
                       co e and
                              a dOOne-baht
                                     e ba t saving
                                            sa g
expense account (top left corner) everyday, sufficiency
                                                                3rd Phase
                                                                     Phase.
                                  economy

                                                                                                       33
Phase IV : March – December 2006

Raise laying hens for          Raise pigs for incremental       Monitor vetiver devlopment
individual sustenance          income

    Foster further participation in every village to grow vetiver.
    Select model households who have successfully applied vetiver for soil and water
    conservation utilizing the technical principles as prescribed in an efficient manner.
    F ilit t understanding
    Facilitate    d t di within ithi the
                                     th community  it regarding
                                                           di the
                                                                th diversified
                                                                   di    ifi d benefits
                                                                               b    fit off
    vetiver,
    i.e. production expense reduction, soil and moisture preservation, higher yields of
    produce,
    p  oduce, etc
               etc.

                                                                                              34
Huay Khayeng , Thailand Vetiver Cultivation Exemplar

 Over 593 communityy households g  grew vetiver in this p
                                                        project;
                                                           j ; about
 45% grew vetiver over 2.4 million slips (June 2006)

 Results:
  –   An income and expense account is established in every
      participating household,
                    household facilitating introspection,
                                           introspection expense
      reduction,
      and income increase.
  –   Economized production expenses e.g. water, fertilizer, insecticide
  –   Instilled plant pathology pedagogy, i.e. plants can grow well
      without fungus
  –   Soil conservation achieved through change by reversal in no-
      quality
      q     y soil to q
                      quality
                            y and reduction of soil surface deprivation
                                                              p         esp.
                                                                          p
      in slope areasใ

                                                                               35
Community Success Stories

     Mr. Sumitr Ming
                Ming-Khwan,
                     Khwan, 52 years old

 “Now, I understand that the benefits from
        growing vetiver are soil and water
                conservation,
                         ti   soil
                                 il surface
                                       f
   preservation, reduction of soil surface
   wash. Vetiver can prevent soil surface
                          from caving in.”

                                 Mr Boonniam Duanjan
                                 Mr.         Duanjan, 52 years old

                                 “My house is on a slope area. After growing
                                 vetiver, I found that; firstly soil doesn’t cave in;
                                 secondly, nearby plants are rich, able to absorb
                                 water well; thirdly, the cut vetiver leaves used
                                 to cover soil are turned into fertilizer;
                                 fourthly covering on vegetable plantation
                                 fourthly,                           plantation, soil
                                 will be moistured.”

                                                                                        36
Community Success Stories

                                  M Khanchit
                                  Mr. Kh hit Janpanya,
                                             J         34 years old
                                                                 ld

                                  “Now, after growing vetiver, soil condition is
                                  recovered. I can feel it’s alive. It’s getting
                                  bl k and
                                  blacker    d won’t
                                                   ’t fl
                                                      flow away. C Covering
                                                                          i soil il
                                  with vetiver leaves has rehabilitated its
                                  condition, with the return of microorganism.
                                  Vetiver can hold soil together well and can be
                                  used as fences to keep animals such as hens
                                  away.”

         M Rueang
         Mr. R    Plongjit,
                  Pl   ji 68 years old
                                    ld

        “Vetiver can considerably reduce
 expenses e.g. water, electricity from over
                   200 baht to 100 baht.”

                                                                                      37
Community Success Stories

         Mr. Jamlong Maneerat, 43 years old

“This year, vetiver has grown a lot. I can see
soil moisture with higher looseness. Manure
      used
         d is
           i reduced
                d    d by
                       b half
                          h lf from
                               f    5 tons
                                      t    per
                                      month.”

                                    Mr. Khamsaeng Meetha, 48 years old

                                    “After growing vetiver, vegetable
                                    plantation has more moisture. Around
                                    the vetiver thicket, soil condition is
                                    better than other areas.”

                                                                             38
The Royal Grace of
         His Majesty the King

          “His Majesty has reigned
         supreme
             p       in the hearts and
            minds of all Thais; His
          devotion to His people is
 On behalf
        moreof Thai people who are
                substantive        grateful
                                than   soilto
the majestic
        andgenerosity
               vetiverofcompounded.”
                         His Majesty the King
   The Petroleum Authorityy of Thailand

                                            39
Agenda

   • Company
     C       profile
                fil

   • Th
     The use off vetiver
                   ti    grass system
                                  t   for
                                      f erosion
                                             i control
                                                     t l andd
     slope stabilization along the yadana gas pipeline project
     right of way

   • Huay Khayeng, Thailand vetiver cultivation exemplar

   • The vetiver development and promotion as initiated by His
     Majesty the King Contest

   • Conclusion

                                                                 40
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
by His Majesty the King Contest

                        To commemorate His Majesty
                                               Majesty'ss optimizing vision of the use
                        of vetiver grass, PTT, in collaboration with other related
                        agencies, has launched Vetiver Grass Cultivation Program to
                        honor HM the King on the auspicious occasion of the Sixtieth
                        Anniversary Celebrations of His Majesty's Accession to the
                        Throne.

                        In response to HM the King's initiative and concern towards
                        His people's well-being, the program focal areas are

                             - Educating of the grass properties, the cultivating, and
                               the promoting of vetiver grass cultivation through the
                               public.

                             - Arranging the Vetiver Grass Cultivation Contest with
                               3 categories; Vetiver Plantation, Promote of Vetiver
                               Plantation and Poster                                41
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
by His Majesty the King Contest

In 2007, the contest was continuously organized with the new project name of
“The Vetiver Grass Development
                           p      and Promotion as Initiated by
                                                              y His Majesty
                                                                      j y the King
                                                                                 g
Contest” in compliance with The 4th Vetiver Grass Development and Promotion
As Initiated by His Majesty the King Master Plan (2007-2011) of RDPB.

This year’s contest was categorized into 3 topics which were
     - Vetiver plantation
     - Promotion of vetiver plantation
                            p
     - Products from vetiver focusing on product design and/or creativity.

The total of 420 pieces have been submitted
     - Vetiver plantation                       184      pieces
     - Promotion of vetiver plantation           24      pieces
     - Products from vetiver focusing           209      pieces
       on product design and/or creativity.

The 53 pieces awarded and 29 first prizes won the plates of token given from His
Majesty the King.

                                                                                     42
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
by His Majesty the King Contest

Vetiver Plantation Category (People) : 11 people have been awarded

                                                                     43
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
by His Majesty the King Contest

Vetiver Plantation Category (Community) : 4 communities have been awarded

                                                                            44
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
by His Majesty the King Contest

Vetiver Plantation Category (School) : 3 schools have been awarded

                                                                     45
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
by His Majesty the King Contest

Vetiver Plantation Category (Public Agency) : 1 agency has been awarded

                                                                          46
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
by His Majesty the King Contest

Promotion of Vetiver Plantation Category : 8 people have been awarded

                                                                        47
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
by His Majesty the King Contest

 Vetiver Product Category (Decoration) : 13 products have been awarded

“ดอกไม้ทะเล”
              ่ อง
แจก ันและถาดใสข              “ตุก
                                ๊ ตาหญิงไทย”              “แจก ันสานสายนํา้ ไหล”
โดย นายนพชย ั ภูจ
                ่ ริ เกษม    โดย นางนงนุ
                                   นางนงนชช แกวเรอนด
                                            แก้วเรือนดี   โดย นางบุ
                                                               นางบญเสก
                                                                     ญเสก สภาแกว
                                                                           สภาแก้ว
จ.ปทุมธานี                   จ.เชยี งใหม่                 จ.สุโขท ัย

                                                                                     48
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
  by His Majesty the King Contest

   Vetiver Product Category (Decoration) : 13 products have been awarded

“โคมไฟ กินรี” โดย         “หอคํา” โดย          “แจก ันสานสายดอกพิกล ุ ”   “โอ่งนํา้ สานสายสอง
นางสาวเบญจมาศ ว ังซา้ ย   นางบุญถึง ฤทธิเกิด   โดย นางว ันทา ดาวกรุง      สล ับส”ี โดย
    ี งใหม่
จ เชย
จ.เชยงใหม                 จ นนทบรี
                          จ.นนทบุ ร            แก้ว จ
                                               แกว  จ.สุ
                                                      สโขท
                                                       โขทยัย             นางเทียม เนยสงเนิ
                                                                          นางเทยม     เนยสูงเนน
                                                                                              น
                                                                          จ.สุโขท ัย

                                                                                              49
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
  by His Majesty the King Contest

   Vetiver Product Category (Decoration) : 13 products have been awarded

“นํา้ เต้นสาน” โดย        “แจก ันและถาดผลไม้” โดย        ““มูล
                                                             ่ ต
                                                               ี ก
                                                                 ุ๊ ตาหญ้า้ แฝก”
                                                                             ฝ ”
นางเพลิน จงเจริญ          นางพรรณพร ชาญภิญโญ             โดย นางสาวธน ัชพร บุคสงิ หา
จ.สุโขท ัย                จ.กรุงเทพฯ                      จ.อุดรธานี

                                                                                  50
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
by His Majesty the King Contest

 Vetiver Product Category (Decoration) : 13 products have been awarded

       ิ งยกล้อ”
“ควายซงวิ                   “เรือนไทย” โดย              “กรอบรูป”
โดย นายพิชติ คล ังวิจต
                     ิ ร    นายประศาสน์ พรมสุวรรณ       โดย นางนงนุช แก้วเรือนดี
จ.นนทบุร ี                  จ.อ่างทอง                       ี งใหม่
                                                        จ.เชย

                                                                                   51
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
  by His Majesty the King Contest

Vetiver Product Category (Household Application) : 13 products have been awarded

                                  “เบาะนงและหมอนหนุ
                                         ั              น”    “เด็กดอย ตะกร้าใสผ ่ า้ ”
  “เก้าอี้ ชา้ งไทย”
  โดย นายอิทธิพล มหาว ัน          โดย นางหนูรต   ิ บุตรวงษ์   โดย นางสาวอ ัจฉราภรณ์
  จ.เชยี งใหม่                    (กลุม
                                      ่ แม่บา้ นเกษตรกรบ้าน   ยอดคีร ี จ.กรุงเทพฯ
                                  โสน) จ.ศรีสะเกษ

                                                                                      52
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
   by His Majesty the King Contest

Vetiver Product Category (Household Application) : 13 products have been awarded

“ม้
 มานงทรงไข
  านงทรงไข่
      ั    ” โดย                   “โถเอนกประสงค์
                                    โถเอนกประสงค”                    “ก้
                                                                      กอนดนหญาแฝก
                                                                       อนดินหญ้าแฝก”
นางสาวปรินดา แตรวิจต   ิ ป์
                   ิ รศล           โดย นางสาวนฤดี ภูร่ ัตน์ร ักษ์    โดย นายธรรมนูญ เฮงษฎีกล
                                                                                           ุ
จ.กรุงเทพฯ                         จ.กรุงเทพฯ                        จ.กรุงเทพฯ

 “เบาะรองนงรถยนต์
           ั        ”            “ตะกร้าปร ับความสูงได้” โดย           “ชุดพานพุม
                                                                                ่ ”
 โดย วิทยาล ัยเทคนิคจ ันทบุร ี   นางสาวเสาวล ักษณ์ ก่อศกดิั ว ัฒนา     โดย กฤษณา กุณาศล
                                 จ.กรุงเทพฯ
                                                                                           53
The Vetiver development and promotion as initiated
  by His Majesty the King Contest

Vetiver Product Category (Household Application) : 13 products have been awarded

          “กระเป๋า”                               “ตะกร้าสานลายดอกพิกล ุ ”
          โดย นางจินต์ เทพกําเหนิด จ.นราธิวาส     โดย นางหร้อน่า เหนียดบุตร จ.กระบี

          “กล่องของขว ัญ”                                                   ั
                                                          ื วน” โดย นายศกดาดิ
                                                       “เสอม้                      ป้องทอง และ
                       ื
          โดย นางสาวชนชม  ศุภพิชญ์นาม จ.ชลบุร ี        นายว ัชรพงศ ์ สท
                                                                      ิ ธิมาตย์ จ.อุดรธานี       54
Agenda

   • Company
     C       profile
                fil

   • Th
     The use off vetiver
                   ti    grass system
                                  t   for
                                      f erosion
                                             i control
                                                     t l andd
     slope stabilization along the yadana gas pipeline project
     right of way

   • Huay Khayeng, Thailand vetiver cultivation exemplar

   • The vetiver development and promotion as initiated by His
     Majesty the King Contest

   • Conclusion

                                                                 55
Conclusion

              Details of an overviewed vetiver planting activities by PTT

                                                                                 The Vetiver
                                                                                 Development       The Vetiver
                                                                                 and Promotion     Development
                                                  The Royal Project              as Initiated by   and Promotion as
                                                  Foundation                     His Majesty       Initiated by
     Public                                          Kanchanaburi Province       the King          Hi M
                                                                                                   His  Majesty
                                                                                                           j t th
                                                                                                                the Ki
                                                                                                                    King
                                                     together with Highway       Contest           Contest
                                                     Department, Land            (1st year)        (2nd year)
                                                     Development of
                          Yadana Gas                 Agricultural Extension
                          Pipeline Project           1.28 million stalks
                             Office of the
Communities                  Royal
                             Development
                             Projects
                             Board as a
                             consultant
                             2.02 million stalk

       PTT           PTT Reforestration Project
                        Petchaboon Province
                        Royal Forest Department

              1994           1996                             2003        2005         2006        2008       2010         56
Thank you

            57
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