PROGRAM GUIDE 2020 2021 - FIRST NATIONS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
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FIRST NATIONS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE 2020 - 2021 PROGRAM GUIDE 24 3 Old York Road, Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory, Ontario, Canada K0K 1X0 1 T/F. 800.267.0637 Ext. 156 | recruitment@fnti.net www.fnti.net
Photo: Minoomin Harvest HOW TO APPLY CAMPUS LOCATIONS You can apply to any of FNTI’s Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory programs for FREE! 3 Old York Road fnti.net Visit The Old York Road Campus features culturally infused choose your program and classrooms and resource rooms. click on ‘Apply Now.’ 314 Airport Road You can even apply for more than The Aviaton Campus, also known as the Tyendinaga ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS one program, there is no maximum! Aerodrome, boasts newly-renovated classrooms, First Nations Technical Institute would like to thank our Board of Directors for their computer labs, flight briefing rooms, common space, invaluable support and vision, and for their guidance in this time of growth and renewal. meeting rooms a fully-equipped kitchen and a student 2 residence. 23 Classes are held at Old York Road and Aviation campuses, as well as locations in First Nations communities and nearby centres across Ontario.
TABLE Programs at a glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Vision and Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 OF About FNTI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 CONTENTS Indigenous Knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Approach to learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 College programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 University programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Community-driven education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 COMMUNITY INITIATIVES Standalone Indigenous degrees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Community initiatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 TONTAKAIÊ:RINE TYENDINAGA JUSTICE CIRCLE How to apply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Campuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 For over ten years, Tontakaiê:rine (It has become right again) has been a community-driven program funded by the Ministry of Children and Youth Services offering two main programs for qualifying youth aged 12-17. Programs include Restorative Initiatives, which offers culturally appropriate programming for youth who come in to conflict with the law. As well as Extra-Judicial Measures, is a pre-charge program that focuses on ways that youth can be diverted out of the youth criminal justice system. Education and consultations to the wider community in the areas of Indigenous restorative processes are also offered. The Adult Restorative Initiatives program works with the Indigenous adult population to provide 22 culturally relevant services to those who have come into conflict with the law. The focus is on healing, reparation, positive reintegration and crime prevention awareness. 3 More recently FNTI and Tontakaiê:rine have partnered with the Ministry of the Attorney General to offer new programming. These programs expand upon FNTI’s commitment to assist Indigenous Peoples in conflict with the law.
FNTI 2020-2021 ACADEMIC YEAR PROGRAMMING* Program Granting Institution Credential Start Delivery Site(s) Early Childhood Education Canadore College Ontario College Diploma September 2020 Cochrane and Parry Sound First Peoples’ Aviation Flight Canadore College Ontario College September 2020 Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory Advanced Diploma Mental Health and Canadore College Ontario College Diploma September 2020 Rama and Addiction Worker Moose Factory Social Service Worker Canadore College Ontario College Diploma September 2020 Aamjiwnaang First Nation and Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory Bachelor of Arts Public Co-delivered: Administration and Ryerson University Degree Ongoing Toronto Governance Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory Co-delivered: Bachelor of Social Work Ryerson University Degree May 2020 Toronto Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory Co-delivered: Master of Social Work Wilfrid Laurier Graduate Degree September 2020 Kitchener BACHELOR OF University Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory Master of Public Administration Queen’s University Graduate Degree September 2020 Kingston INDIGENOUS SOCIAL WORK COMING SOON! Bachelor of Arts and Science Indigenous First Nations Technical Institute Degree Coming Soon Sustainable Food Systems First Nations Technical Institute Undergraduate Degree Bachelor of Health First Nations Degree Sciences Indigenous Technical Institute Midwifery Bachelor of Indigenous First Nations Degree OVERVIEW Social Work Technical Institute *Start dates and delivery sites are subject to change. Bachelor of Indigenous Social Work (BISW) degree in networks of First Nations child and family services program will provide FNTI’s typical high level agencies building greater workforce capacity in 4 of academic rigour, with traditional practices communities across Ontario and Canada. 21 and cultural knowledge, which are expected by Indigenous Peoples across the province. Graduates from the program will be equipped to reduce the number of Indigenous children in care Indigenous social workers play an integral role and improve systems to be truly child and family in the health and well-being of families and the centred, community-directed and focused on communities. Changes in legislation have resulted prevention and early intervention.
VISION Healthy, prosperous and vibrant learners and communities through transformative learning experiences built on a foundation of Indigenous Knowledge. MISSION To share unique educational experiences, rooted in Indigenous Knowledge, thereby enhancing the strength of learners and communities. Intensive Delivery Mode Students in most programs* at FNTI attend classes in an intensive delivery mode, meaning that they receive instruction for one or two post-secondary courses in a one-week period approximately once a month, instead of stretching the instruction of courses throughout an entire semester. *all programs except First Peoples’ Aviation Technology – Flight 20 Standalone Indigenous Degree 5
gis tered cha ABOUT FNTI Graduation Rate COMMUNITY-DRIVEN TESTIMONIALS Employment Rate 96% First Nations Technical Institute (FNTI) is an Indigenous-owned and governed post-secondary 94.5% EDUCATION institute with 35 years of rich history of delivering programming rooted in Indigegogy and Indigenous We can tailor an education plan for your ways of knowing. community and/or organization in the location Our community-driven approach College coupled 91% with our College 94% of your choice. intensive delivery mode allows Indigenous learners University 100% University 95% to maintain connections to family and community We would love to come meet with you and your while they study and prepare for their future careers. team to consider partnership potentials moving “The morning circle ceremony is something I look forward to every day in forward. Please contact Jessica Charette, Director class. It is a meaningful way to start the day. Smudging and prayer start 1of 613 101 160 FNTI is a not for profit, registered charitable of Community Partnerships at 613.813.6893 or organization, accredited by the World Indigenous the day in such a positive comforting way. Classmates are more of family Nations Higher Education Consortium (WINHEC), a 18% 46% jessicac@fnti.net for more information. than just classmates. I find it so important and rewarding to learn of the of 126 member of Colleges and Institutes Canada (CICan), Examples of programs delivered in community, to Indigenous culture. I share the knowledge I learn in this course, which I and is undergoing the process of an organizational 21% meet community needs include: think many people need to know about, Canadian history.” First Nations review with the Indigenous across Advanced Firstand Education Nations across Bachelor of Indigenous Social Work Canada Skills Council (IAESC). Ontario 46% Anishinabek Business - Mental Health and Addiction Worker Child and Youth Care FNTI has over 4,000 graduates with certificate, 21% Haudenosaunee Indigenous Community Diabetes Support “There are always wonderful and memorable moments when we gather diploma and degree credentials issued in partnership 18% Other/Unidentified Indigenous Wellness and Addictions 3K with recognized Ontario colleges and universities. together. Learning is also being uncomfortable but wonderful as we 11% Cree Prevention The Institute anticipates the delivery of standalone grow and learn! I am so grateful to have been selected to participate in Office Administration bachelor’s degrees in Fall 2020 in accordance with 2% Métis Personal Support Worker the BSW program. I am healing and educating myself, what a beautiful the Indigenous Institutes Act, 2017. 1% Inuit Trauma Care experience. Thank you for giving me this opportunity FNTI/Ryerson.” 1% Mi’kmaq - Bachelor of Social Work Post-Secondary Success Metrics: Alumni 268 students ages 18 to 71 (average age 38) “This program has been amazing. I feel the growth, understanding, and Graduation Rate Employment Rate 96% 94.5% wisdom we gained has been incredible. I am grateful for the experiences, opportunity for learning and healing. Thank you for all you do.” - Bachelor of Social Work “I love this program, it is helping me gain so many tools culturally, and College 91% College helping start94% and further myself in my own journey! I will be forever University 100% University 95% grateful for this experience. Even though it’s been the most challenging but most rewarding experiences thus far.” 6 - Community and Justice Services 19 1of 94.5% 160 101 Graduation Rate Employment Rate 96% 613 of 126 18% 46% “The smudge, welcome, staff, and students were all amazing. This is truly Located on the Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory, our Old York Road Campus features classrooms, computer, and 21%incredibly appreciated experience.” a unique, First Nations across First Nations across - Public Administration and Governance cultural resource rooms. Our nearby Aviation Campus has on-site classrooms, flight briefing rooms, and a student residence. We deliver college and university programming in First Nations communities, Friendship Centres, and Canada Ontario 46% Anishinabek cities and towns right across the province. College 91% College 94% 21% Haudenosaunee University 100% University 95% 18% Other/Unidentified 11% Cree
Professional Master INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE FNTI DELIVERS PROGRAMS+ FNTI students are anchored in an inclusive environment and are surrounded by cultural advisors, faculty, staff and industry professionals to help them attain a culturally-relevant educational journey that reflects each learner’s self-identity. These of Public Administration Offered in partnership with Queen’s University Indigenous culture and knowledge inform and inspire all aspects of FNTI. In addition to being Indigenous-owned and governed, and primarily employing aspects of cultural integration augment mainstream program delivery. FNTI students meet cultural, as well as all post-secondary program vocational learning outcomes and essential employability skills. FNTI provides culturally relevant teachings, practices and curricula to ensure that Indigenous employees, FNTI: Indigenous learners see themselves and their realities reflected in their classes, program delivery and student supports, including: September 2020 • Creates culturally-rich learning • Welcoming the presence and guidance of Elders/Cultural Advisors in the environments -- Elders and classroom. Cultural Advisors are involved in • Encouraging inclusive educational experiences through the use of sharing, learning sessions, ceremonies, and learning and healing circles. Kingston celebrations. Circles and traditional activities are integrated into learning experiences. • • Employing Indigenous and adult-friendly methodologies. Ensuring that Program Advisory Committees benefit from feedback from Elders, cultural advisors, Indigenous academics, Indigenous professionals, community representatives, alumni and other related stakeholders. 2.5 Years Professional Master's Degree • Promotes Indigenous cultural • Providing learner and employee access to the Cultural Resource Room at the Old York Road Campus. practices and learning methodologies in the classroom. OVERVIEW • Implements Indigenous learning outcomes in all curricula. DELIVERY METHOD Students in most programs* at FNTI attend classes in an intensive delivery mode, This program is designed for experienced senior PMPA offers a rich and rewarding learning experience, • Ensures Indigenous learners see meaning that they receive instruction for one or two post-secondary courses in a administrators and executives in First Nations and other with faculty who are leading scholars and prominent one-week period approximately once a month, instead of stretching the instruction themselves and their realities of courses throughout an entire semester. Indigenous agencies. This unique program helps leaders policy leaders, among accomplished and ambitious reflected in the curricula, course integrate traditional knowledge and philosophies into student colleagues who are committed to making delivery, and support services. *all programs except First Peoples’ Aviation Technology – Flight Indigenous policy and governance, and build capacity for a significant difference in their workplace and their • Promotes Indigenous perspectives and within Indigenous communities. community for the benefit of others. by including Elders, Indigenous professionals, alumni, and community STUDENT SUPPORTS Students acquire policy development and analysis skills, We pride ourselves in offering a student-centred environment. Each program has a representatives on Program Advisory dedicated cultural advisor committed to preserving a way of life based on Indigenous and also build management capacity in ways that help Committees. values including spirituality, sacredness, reciprocity, social responsibility, and education. them translate policy into action. Advisors help to integrate Indigenous cultural factors that protect the health and well- being of students. A student success facilitator is also assigned to each program. SSFs are responsible for enhancing academic success and the student experience. They advise students with respect to academic progression and assist with student issues by acting as a liaison with faculty and support services in order to propose and implement solutions. Each student also receives access to I.M. Well – a program that helps individuals access mental health support 24/7 based on their individual needs. 18 7 WHAT YOU WILL LEARN: CAREER OPPORTUNITIES: FINANCIAL SUPPORTS • Leadership concepts • Senior leader in education, band office, public/not for FNTI offers financial aid advising. Assistance for tuition fees, travel and accommodation costs • Foundations of policy profit organization Contact 1.800.267.0637 ext 139 may be available to students through sources such as: • Policy Analysis • Fundraising specialist for more information. • Education Office of your First Nation • Policy Development • Budget analyst • Policy researcher/advisor • Aboriginal Area Management Boards • Employment Ontario Programs • Ontario Student Assistance Program (OSAP) • Scholarships, bursaries, and grants
Master of Social Work Offered in partnership with Wilfrid Laurier University Photo: Minoomin Harvest September 2021 Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory/Kitchener Two Year Master's Degree OVERVIEW Our goal is to develop social work practitioners who Evidence of paid and/or voluntary experience in the demonstrate an understanding of, and respect for, the human service field, awareness of contemporary social history, traditions and cultures of the Indigenous Peoples issues and social work values, demonstrated ability to of Canada. This unique program includes the involvement communicate effectively, and motivation for a career as of Indigenous Elders, a traditional circle process, and a professional social worker is assessed on the basis of Indigenous ceremonies. application material. Students explore and further their own holistic growth Although this program is open to students of all cultural and learn from work in cultural camps, classes, and backgrounds, candidates must also have some familiarity in the field. Academic knowledge is balanced with with the traditional wholistic healing approach and/or APPROACH TO LEARNING experiential learning and the need to practice on the basis of Indigenous world views. This is a graduate degree have used it in their practice. This will be demonstrated through a personal statement, references and an program for individuals who already possess a Bachelor of admission interview. FNTI provides culturally-responsive post-secondary FNTI has reshaped this model to introduce its intensive Social Work undergraduate degree. education that supports the self-empowerment, delivery mode, which ensures increased access to healing, identity formation and capacity of employment skills, and high-quality education rooted in Indigenous Peoples and communities across Canada. Indigegogy and Indigenous ways of knowing. Conventional models of education are founded on Indigenous learners participate in programs that are 8 a traditional business model, which perpetuates the ideal that the greatest student and the best worker is rooted in traditional knowledge based on enhancing education as medicine for the mind, body and spirit. We 17 WHAT YOU WILL LEARN: CAREER OPPORTUNITIES: one who carries out their work in school or industry value the adult learning model and view our learners • Indigenous Research Methodologies • Medical social worker with high efficiency and consistency. as already possessing many gifts, expertise, experience • Holistic Healing Practices • Addictions counsellor and knowledge. They are always invited to share their • Indigenous Identity • Child welfare advocate knowledge equally in the Indigenous classroom. • Social Justice and Transformational Practices • Clinical mental health social worker • Indigenous Kinship Structures
Bachelor of Social Work Offered in partnership with Ryerson University September 2020 Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory/Toronto 2.5 Years Bachelor's Degree OVERVIEW The Bachelor of Social Work degree program prepares INTERNSHIP/FIELD PLACEMENT you for a wide range of careers in the field of social work: family service agencies, children’s aid societies, general and The Bachelor of Social Work is one of the only bachelor’s psychiatric hospitals, school boards, correctional facilities, degrees that requires an internship or field placement, social service agencies, federal and provincial departments, which will give you the practical experience necessary to private practice and more. kick-start your career. The program covers social work research and practice, Upper year study will consist of four placement sessions and includes training in the field with opportunities to plus unpaid, supervised workplace, placement at a different explore areas of special interest through electives and agency than where students are currently working. This professionally-related courses. This specialized program entails completing 504 additional hours in placement. develops social workers who embody self-determination, Through this experience, you will gain valuable skills and cultural preservation and holistic healing in Indigenous insight that will help you understand the diverse roles, communities. settings, and responsibilities of the social work profession. 16 WHAT YOU WILL LEARN: CAREER OPPORTUNITIES: College Programs 9 • Health and Society • Child and youth welfare • Decolonization and Anti-Oppression • Health and social services • Social Research • Non-profit groups • Family Violence • Crisis care • Global Environmental issues • Education and policy analysis
EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Public Administration Two-Year Ontario College Diploma Intensive Delivery Mode (approximately one week of classes a month) Offered in partnership with Canadore College and Governance Offered in partnership with Ryerson University September 2020 Cochrane and Parry Sound September 2020 OVERVIEW Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory/Toronto There is an increased demand for qualified early childhood intensive field placements that focus on personal growth educators across communities in Ontario. Get the skills you need to start a rewarding career working with and skills application. Certificate/Advanced Certificate/Bachelor of Arts Undergraduate Degree young children. This activity-based program is taught using a holistic approach in which the stages of a child’s FIELD PLACEMENT developmental growth are emphasized including cognitive skills and socio-emotional development. Over the course of your program, you will complete three field placements (approximately 550 hours over OVERVIEW Learners will explore Indigenous community realities two years) that focus on children from birth to age 12. within the context of the early childhood education field. These real-world experiences are mandatory and follow This program is designed for current and future leaders a certificate, after 3 years with an advanced certificate or Indigenous ways of knowing and understanding the guidelines established by the Ontario College of Early and managers in First Nation communities, Indigenous after five years with a full Bachelor of Arts Undergraduate world are examined and presented with knowledge and Childhood Educators. They are designed to allow you to agencies and/or organizations. Students build effective degree. skills relative to Indigenous culture, values and practices. integrate classroom teachings with professional practice management skills and the ability to support the Students learn from an Indigenous perspective through in early learning programs. development of economic and political sovereignty for • Certificate Stream: 1.5 years and 8 courses their communities. • Advanced Certificate Stream: 3 years and 16 courses • Bachelor of Arts Degree Stream: 5 years and 32 Public Administration and Governance is a three-part courses, including a double-credit practicum WHAT YOU WILL LEARN: CAREER OPPORTUNITIES: program. Students can choose to exit after 1.5 years with • Organizational/community development • Full-day kindergarten programs • Program planning • Educational settings as educational assistants • Family dynamics • Community resource programs • Child development • Specialty and early learning schools • Infant, toddler, pre-school, kindergarten and • Childcare centres or home care school-aged curricula • Language and literacy development • Health, safety and nutrition • Special education 10 WHAT YOU WILL LEARN: CAREER OPPORTUNITIES: 15 • Public administration for institutions • A policy unit of a federal, provincial or municipal • Process development and review government department or band office • Public policy • Educational institutions • Canadian, Ontario and local politics • International governmental organizations (e.g., UN, • Financial Management OECD, World Bank) • International Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) • Community-based organizations
FIRST PEOPLES' AVIATION TECHNOLOGY - FLIGHT Three-Year Ontario College Advanced Diploma. Offered in partnership with Canadore College. September 2020 Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory OVERVIEW Become a qualified, professional pilot in a unique learning exceeds the Ontario Ministry of College and Universities environment, the Tyendinaga Aerodrome. requirements for post-secondary studies as well as Transport Canada regulations and standards for flight This program is the only Indigenous post-secondary training. program of its kind in Canada and provides hands-on flight training for students interested in pursuing a pilot’s The Tyendinaga Aerodrome is a one-of-a-kind facility licence, or working in the aviation industry. that includes hangars, a simulator, classrooms and student residence. The Aerodrome was originally built in Graduates will hold a commercial licence with their rating 1916 as a training school for pilots during World War I. It of choice, and will also meet the eligibility criteria to continued its tradition during World War II as an obtain a Flight Dispatcher designation and a Two-Crew advanced instrument-navigation training base for air and Cruise Relief Pilot (IATRA) certification. The curriculum crews of the British Commonwealth. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN: CAREER OPPORTUNITIES: • Flight training • Commercial pilot • Navigation • Charter/bush pilot • Radio operation • Flight dispatcher • Flight and simulator training • Air traffic control • Private and commercial pilot • Airport manager licence requirements • Float plane 14 University - Undergraduate 11 and Degree Programs
MENTAL HEALTH SOCIAL SERVICE WORKER AND ADDICTION WORKER Two-Year Ontario College Diploma Two-Year Ontario College Diploma Intensive Delivery Mode (approximately one week of classes a month) Offered in partnership with Canadore College Intensive Delivery Mode (approximately one week of classes a month) September 2020 Offered in partnership with Canadore College September 2020 Aamjiwnaang First Nation and Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory Moose Factory and Rama OVERVIEW OVERVIEW The Mental Health and Addiction Worker program respects Learners will explore Indigenous community realities within If you see value in all people, have a passion for personal from an Indigenous perspective through intensive field the histories and vulnerabilities of Indigenous Peoples while the context of the mental health and wellness field. Indigenous growth and hope to improve the quality of life for the benefit placement and a culture camp experience that focuses on preparing students – culturally, intellectually, emotionally, and ways of knowing and understanding the world are examined of individuals, society, and the global community, a career in personal growth, organization/community development, experientially – for work in this challenging and in-demand field. and presented with knowledge and skills relative to Indigenous social work may be right for you! communications, program planning skills, interviewing/ culture, values, and practices. Students learn from an Indigenous counselling, family and group work. Community mental health and addiction workers assist perspective through intensive field placements that focus on individuals with mental health challenges, housing and The Social Service Worker program is customized with personal growth and skills application. unique, leading-edge Indigenous learning experiences and addiction issues. They support skills training, daily living activities for improved quality of life, stability, and independence for environments to prepare you with the knowledge and skills FIELD PLACEMENT to enter into this rewarding field. Themes include social their clients. These mental health professionals discuss, isolate FIELD PLACEMENT justice, empowerment of marginalized citizens and ethics. Over the course of your program, you will complete a 421- and assess problems, develop a flexible plan of action, ensure basic needs are met, network clientele with needed services, Over the course of your program, you will complete a 420-hour hour field placement that focuses on practicing on working and provide crisis intervention as necessary. They also act as field placement that focuses on practicing on working within an Learners will explore Indigenous community realities within within an interdisciplinary team to provide client service and coordinators for volunteers. interdisciplinary team to provide client support in mental health the context of the human services field. Indigenous ways support. These real-world experiences are mandatory and are settings. These real-world experiences are mandatory and are of knowing and understanding the world are examined designed to allow you to integrate classroom teachings with designed to allow you to integrate classroom teachings with and presented with knowledge and skills relative to professional practice. professional practice. Indigenous culture, values and practices. Students learn WHAT YOU WILL LEARN: CAREER OPPORTUNITIES: • Mental health across the lifespan • Addiction treatment centres and prevention programs WHAT YOU WILL LEARN: CAREER OPPORTUNITIES: • Cognitive behaviour techniques • Mental health facilities • Trauma informed practice and crisis intervention • Residential facilities • Foundations of psychology and sociology • Hospitals • Human development • Programs and services for youth and seniors • Crisis intervention • Correctional facilities • Group dynamics • Mental health and developmental services • Dynamics of dependency • Recovery or rehabilitation homes • Substance abuse training • Long-term care facilities • Community housing • Ethics • Transition houses and shelters • Volunteer coordinators 12 • Methods for dealing with personal violence 13
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