OEM NGVs and CNG vehicle variants in Asia - NGV Journal
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Volume IV Number 35 January 2010
OEM NGVs and CNG
vehicle variants in Asia
NGV in the world NGV2010 Roma
IGU report on The International NGV
methane for transport Association event will
take place this year
12a Conferenza ed Esposizione Mondiale dell’Associazione
Internazionale dei Veicoli a Gas Naturale - IANGV
12th World IANGV Conference and Exhibition
Dal 8 al 10 giugno 2010
June 8-10, 2010
Nuova Fiera di Roma New Rome Fair
Padiglioni 9, 10 e area esterna
Pavilions 9, 10 and outdoor area
Roma, Italia Rome, Italy
Creating a Revolution
in Transport
Verso la Rivoluzione
nel Trasporto
www.ngv2010roma.com
info@ngv2010roma.com
Sponsor Principale Un evento di Ospitato da Organizzato da
Main Sponsor An event of Hosted by Organized by
2 January 2010
Summary
Around 2 more million NGVs are
04 expected in 2010
Asian NGV Communications is a publication Oil price fluctuated between USD 75
of NGV Communications Group, publishing and almost USD80 per barrel by
house and fairs-conferences organizer: October-early December 2009. Energy
www.ngvgroup.com analysts predicted that price of oil ...
In Europe, we print The Gas Vehicles Report,
GVR, and www.ngvguide.com, the
International NGV Guide. IGU SG 5.3 on summary of technology
In Argentina, the Group publishes Prensa
Vehicular, Argentine CNG Guide, maps,
22 development and an overview of NGV
books and brochures while in Brazil, Folha The previous IGU S.G. 5.3 report for
do GNV, Brazilian NGV Guide, maps and
the 2003 – 2006 triennium provided a
posters, among others. In Peru Prensa
Vehicular Peru. More info: www.ngvgroup.com comprehensive overview and analysis
The signed articles are exclusive responsibility of of existing fuels and technologies ...
the authors, as well as advertising companies and
agencies are responsible for the published ads.
Chinese CNG engines for Bolivia
is member of the
ANGVA (Asia Pacific 28
NGV Association)
The presence of China NGV industry is
KOREA affirmed in more countries across Asia
and South America. More and more
300-5, Changchon-Ri ■ Namsan-Myun countries in these regions are ...
Chuncheon-Si ■ Kangwon-Do ■ 200-911
Tel. and fax.: +82 33 260 3419 OEM NGVs and CNG BusinessCentre
+31 20 420 1076 16 vehicle variants 34
asia@ngvgroup.com ■ www.asiangv.com
Examples and tips of safety in Omnitek Engineering signed MoU
30 NGVs and CNG stations 34 with bio-energy company
China gas supply faces a big NGV2010, the IANGV Conference
PERU
32 challenge 35 and Exhibition 8-10 June 2010
Av. Brasil 3222 oficina 403 -
A Magdalena del Mar - CP: Lima 17 – Perú Thailand will see a growing End year statistics for your
peru@prensavehicular.com 33 demand for natural gas in 2010 36 marketing plan and review
ITALY
Copies Distribution
Vicolo Gonzaga 13 ■ 46045 Marmirolo (Mn)
Tel.: +39 0376 294055 We print and mail to 24 Indonesia: 1.6% In addition, the magazine is
info@thegvr.com ■ www.thegvr.com
countries about 4.000 copies Iran: 7.0% sent to over 19.300 readers
addressed to governmental relat- Israel: 0.1% in 94 countries
ARGENTINA
ed offices, OEM and Oil & Gas Japan: 10.2% by e-mail (.pdf) and is also online
Uspallata 711 ■ CP 1268 ■ Capital Federal companies, Korea: 5.1% in www.ngvgroup.com
Tel./Fax: +54 11 43074559 /5201/ 43006137 associations, related NGV indus- Malaysia: 6.6% If your NGV business is in Asia,
info@prensavehicular.com tries, refuelling stations, Myanmar: 0.5% advertise with us.
www.prensavehicular.com workshops and suppliers, New Zealand: 1.0%
according the following list (some Pakistan: 11.4% Asian NGV Communications
BRASIL figures rounded): Philippines: 3.6% 300-14, Changchon-Ri,
Armenia: 0.3% Russia:4.3% Namsan-Myun,
Av. Rio Branco, 131 Sala 1.701
Australia: 4.1% Singapore: 3.1% Chuncheon-Si,
CEP: 20040-006 Rio de Janeiro - RJ
Tel: +55 21 8572-1086 / 9999-0549 Azerbaijan: 0.2% Taiwan: 0.2% Kangwon-Do,
info@folhadognv.com ■ www.folhadognv.com Bangladesh: 5.0% Thailand: 5.8% 200-911 KOREA
China: 10.9% Turkey: 5.5% Tel : +31 20 420 1076
Printed: Rigraph S.R.L. Egypt: 1.9% United Arab Emirates: 2.1% Tel : +82 33 260 3419
• Constitución 4, 28.511 Madrid - España India: 9.5% Vietnam: 0.1% e-mail: asia@ngvgroup.com
• Tilcara 3.146, Buenos Aires
4 January 2010
Around 2 more million
NGVs are expected in 2010
Oil price fluctuated between USD 75 and expected to form the basis of new small cars CNG refuelling stations the selling price from
almost USD80 per barrel by October-early for Chrysler in the coming years. We are yet gas supplier would increase from Rs427.15
December 2009. Energy analysts predicted to see whether a Fiat-controlled Chrysler will to Rs504 per MMBTU.
that price of oil will reach, at least, an offer commercial CNG versions of the However, government NGV projects continue
average of 80 USD/bbl in 2010. This mini-vans in the US and/or around the world. as a model mega CNG station capable of
prediction, coupling with the increase in Conversely, another European car refuelling 200-250 CNG buses in Karachi will
economic confidence and (a small yet manufacturer, Volkswagen, have not yet soon be constructed. The station would cost
positive) rise in trade movement, has considered introducing CNG/LPG versions of around Rs150.6 M. The Hydrocarbon
generated more confidence in NGV business. its vehicles in India. However, India has lots Development Institute of Pakistan that would
Although related experts have different of CNG variants models in almost all vehicle lead the project expects to open the station
projections, around 5.5% by 2015-20% by segments, from LDVs (three-wheelers) to by end 2010. Around 15-20 such mega
2020 annual growth, the prognosis of NGV HDVs (trucks and buses). stations are expected to be built in Karachi
adoption is highly promising. City to facilitate 4,000 CNG buses.
Good news follow as Mahindra & Mahindra As temperature dropped a lot across China
As per IGU SG 5.3 study, with oil price is planning to launch its passenger carrying and heavy snow attacked northern part of
expected to reach 120 USD/bbl ten years vehicle in CNG variants including export the country, gas supply is mostly diverted for
from now and 150 USD/bbl twenty years market potential. The new CNG model to be household use (as heating gas). Central,
from now, around 50 M to 100 M methane launched soon, Gio, falls under a unique eastern and southern provinces are facing
vehicles (NGVs) are expected by 2020 and utility segment between Tata Ace (mini truck natural gas shortage. The sudden drop in
2030 respectively. It would mean that NGV as a Light Commercial Vehicle) and the temperatures has slowed the flow of gas in
share in the vehicle market will increase from three-wheeler range. Gio CNG price tag is pipelines, causing longer time for vehicle
1% in 2008 to 4.5% in 2020 and 7% by very economic, at Rs165,000, it costs only refuelling.
2030. Methane (NG) usage in the transport Rs25,000-30,000 more than a three wheeler.
sector could reach up to 106 bcm in 2020 Also, Hindustan Motors’ Shifeng Winner 1.8 However, the condition might get better
and 207 bcm in 2030. Major growth in NGV CNG Bharat Stage 4 (latest Indian emission when the cold winter passes. Also, a second
population is anticipated in Asia-Pacific (44% of norm) 3-tonnes Mini Truck was introduced NG pipeline from west to the east part of
global NGV market), followed by South America last September. China was scheduled to be opened by
(26%), with the Middle East (including Western December 2009. Gas supply from overseas
Asia) in the third place with 17% growth. In Thailand, Toyota introduced its Camry also continued to be explored as China will
Hybrid (gasoline/electric) in July 2009. In the get (more) LNG from Australia in the near
By end 2009, there are almost 11M NGVs in meantime, the carmaker has built two Camry future. Although gas experts call for gas
the world. The IGU report showed that by Hybrid CNG/electric cars in the US. The car pricing reforms, the government did not
end of 2010, there would be 11.64 – 13.7 M has 4 CNG composite cylinders, a driving introduce price reforms during end 2009,
NGVs (the projection was made based on range up to 400km, an engine capacity of also taking into consideration the country
end-2005 figure with 4.64 M NGVs). It will 170 hp, with an estimated fuel economy of economic stability.
not be surprising if we see another 2 M City/Highway/Combined of 52/39/53 km per
methane vehicles are added during this year gallon. As this car is not yet built for mass Despite of the “temporary” gas supply issue,
alone (assuming global economic crisis will selling, the Hybrid CNG is not yet available in it is expected that NGV industry will remain
not go further and oil prices is, at least, stable). Thailand. strong in China. Government is anticipated
Chevrolet Thailand and GM showcased its to continue actively supporting the industry,
Asia Chevrolet Optra CNG -in estate and sedan especially as China was chosen as the host
In figures, according to the “Policy models- during a motor expo in the country country of the ANGVA2011 Conference and
Government Scenario” reported by the IGU, in December last year. Exhibition. It is also worth noted that during
Asian total NGV population including the this global economic crisis in 2009, China is
Middle East and Russia would be 16.82- Several promotional packages were offered the only (major) NGV country that did not
21.99 million by 2015 versus the world’s to boost sales. Buyers can choose their own show a slow down in NGV adoption.
total 34.29 to 39.46 million. According to the incentive package according to their needs. On the other hand, Australia is bound to
“Business as Usual Scenario”, by 2015, The offers include 0% interest for payments become the world’s second largest LNG
there will be 17.23 M NGVs in Asia versus over 36 months with a 25% down payment supplier and to experience an LNG boom.
29.19 M in the world. In the fuelling sector, and 0.99% interest for 36 monthly instal- By 2017, its LNG export is expected to
28,368 stations should be in operation by ments with a 15% down payment. In both double, according to energy consultancy
the same year, versus 37,601 stations in packages, buyers will receive free one-year Wood Mackenzie. Asian market is projected
total around the world. Below are a few first-class car insurance coverage when to use much more LNG by 2013 and
recent stories from all over Asia. purchasing any of Chevrolet’s 4 models 2018.In this case, Australia will also supply
including Chevrolet Optra. Special for buyers of gas to China, Japan, India, Korea and other
CNG variants Chevrolet Optra CNG, free CNG fuel of up to countries in Asia and North America.
Fiat India plans to introduce CNG variant of 10,000 THB during the first year will be given. Eighteen LNG projects (production plant) are
Grande Punto in the Indian market. The going to be implemented in west, north and
model will be available in the country by Fuel prices and gas supply east Australia, of which 3 units are under
second quarter of this year. In Europe, Fiat The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority in construction or already exist. Apart from that,
already offers CNG versions of the Grande Pakistan has decided that an 18% increase in Tasmania Island (south of Australia), an
Punto, Punto, Multipla, Doblò and the popular in NG tariff for all categories of consumers LNG micro-plant and refuelling station are
Panda. The Punto and Panda are both will be in force from January 1, 2010. For also being constructed.
January 2010 5
6 January 2010
2010年NGV数量将增200万
从2009年10月到12月初，石油价格就在 款推向市场，包括Grande Punto, CNG款车的销费者，可在购买后第一年
每桶75美元到80美元间波动。据能源分 Punto, Multipla, Doblò 和popular 享受10,000 泰铢的加气优惠。
析专家预测，石油价格将持续增长，到 Panda。同时，在未来一年里，克莱斯
2010年至少涨至80美元/每桶。人们对 勒汽车公司将仿照Punto 和Panda 燃料价格与天然气供给
经济复苏信心的重拾和贸易往来的增长 两款车型生产新型小型汽车。究竟克莱 巴基斯坦石油和天然气管理局决定从20
（仅仅是稍有起色），使得大家对NGV 斯勒公司的菲亚特版小型商用CNG卡车 10年1月开始，对所有使用天然气的用
产业的信心也得已恢复。尽管相关领域 能否在美国和全球上市，我们还将拭目 户增收18%的附加税。供气商提供给CNG
的专家对此另有它见，但从2015年的5. 以待。 加气站的天然气价格将从Rs427.15上涨
5%的年增长率到2020年20%年增长率可 到Rs504每MMBTU。
以看出，NGV产业发展的未来将一片光明。 与此相反，尽管在印度从轻型汽车（三 尽管如此，政府的NGV项目将继续开展
轮机动车）到重型汽车（如卡车和公共 ，计划在卡拉奇建设一个耗资1亿5060
如国际燃气联盟SG5.3的研究报告所述 汽车），已有很多车型都推出了CNG款 万RS并拥有百万容积的加气站，它可以
，石油价格在10年后将增至每桶120美 ，然而一些欧洲汽车生产商，如 为200-250辆CNG汽车提供补给。
元，在20年后达到每桶150美元，并且 Volkswagen仍然没有考虑将CNG/LPG车 在巴基斯坦碳氢化合物发展协会领导下
天然气汽车的数量将在2020年和2030年 型引入印度市场。 ，加气站建造项目有望在2010年底前完
分别增至5000万辆和1亿辆。这就意味 成。预期还将有15-20
着NGV汽车的市场占有率将从2008年的1 Mahindra & Mahindra 汽车公司计划推 个这样的百万容量的加气站在卡拉奇建
%，增长到2020年的4.5%,并在2030年达 出其CNG款载客汽车并开发其海外市场。 成，为4000辆CNG公共汽车提供燃料。
到7%。同时，天然气在交通运输中的使 新款CNG汽车Gio将很快面市，其效能居
用量在2020年将增长到1060亿立方米， 于Tata Ace （迷你卡车， 由于中国气温骤降和北方部分地区遭受
2030年则为2070亿立方米。就NGV汽车 一种轻型商用车）和三轮机动车之间。 雪灾，天然气的供给多用于家庭使用（
保有量增长而言，亚太地区增长量占全 Gio CNG款经济实惠， 供暖）。因此，中国中部、东部和南部
球NGV增长的44%，南美地区第二（26% 约Rs165,000，只比三轮机动车贵 的部分省市面临着天然气短缺。气温的
），中东地区（包括西亚）排名第三， Rs25,000-30,000。 骤降还使天然气的管道传输速度降低，
为17%。 延长汽车加气的时间。
同时，印度汽车生产商Shifeng 当然，随着春天的到来，情况会有所好
截至2009年底，世界天然气汽车保有量 Winner还在去年9月推出了1.8 转。到2009年12月，另外一条贯穿中国
几乎达到1100万辆。国际燃气联盟的报 CNG巴拉特阶段4（印度最新排放标准） 东西的天然气管道将投入使用。中国还
告显示到2010年底，世界天然气汽车保 的3吨迷你卡车。 将寻求更多来自海外的天然气供给，中
有量将增至1164万- 国将从澳大利亚进口更多液化天然气。
1370万辆（基于2005年底464万辆的数 2009年7月丰田汽车公司在泰国推出其 尽管天然气专家呼吁天然气价格改革，
据而预测）。一年中增加两百万辆的天 旗下佳美混合动力汽车（汽油和电力） 但出于国家经济稳定的考虑，政府并没
然气汽车不足为奇（假设全球经济危机 。与此同时，该公司在美国推出佳美CN 有在2009年底调整天然气价格。
的形势不会恶化，且石油价格至少是稳 G/电力混合动力车。此款车型有4个CNG
定的）。 复合气瓶，续驶里程可达400km, 尽管天然气供给出现临时短缺，但是中
发动机功率可达170 hp， 国NGV工业发展势头仍然强劲。因为中
亚洲 其在城市/高速路/混合工况三种情形下 国被选为亚太天然气汽车协会2011年年
再来看亚洲的一组数据，根据国际燃气 的燃料经济性，分别为52/39/53公里/加仑。 会暨展览会的主办国，政府还将继续大
联盟的报告，在政府实施政策的情景下 因为此款车型并不计划大量销售，所以 力支持NGV工业发展。值得关注的是在2
，到2015年亚洲（包括中东和俄罗斯） 并没有在泰国上市。 009年全球经济危机的情况下，中国是
天然气汽车的总保有量有望达到1682万 世界唯一一个NGV发展没有放慢的国家。
-2199万辆， 而届时世界天然气汽车 雪佛兰汽车泰国公司和通用汽车公司在 另外，澳大利亚将成为世界第二大液化
保有量为 3429万-3946万辆； 去年12月的汽车展会上展出了雪佛兰 天然气供给国，并将经历LNG的大发展
而在没有实施任何政策的情景下，到20 Optra CNG车型- 。据Wood Mackenzie 能源咨询，
15年亚洲和世界天然气汽车保有量将分 包括旅行车和轿车两款车型。 到2017年，其LNG的出口将增加一倍。
别为1723万和2919万辆。到2015年，亚
洲和全球加气站的数量将分别达到28,3 该公司还推出多种促销套餐提高其销售 到2013年至2018年间，亚洲市场将消耗
68和37,601座。 量。消费者可根所自己的需要选择适合 更多的液化天然气。因此，澳大利亚将
以下是来自亚洲的最新报道。 自己的套餐。包括：降价25%，36个月0 向中国、日本、印度、韩国等亚洲国家
%支付利息，和降价15%，36个月分期付 和北美地区供给天然气。18个LNG工程
新款CNG汽车 款利息0.99%。在这两款套餐中，只要 （LNG生产）将在澳大利亚西部和北部
菲亚特汽车印度公司计划将Grande 销费者购买雪佛兰汽车公司四款中的任 地区开展，其中三个项目正在建设或已
Punto汽车CNG款引入印度市场，并于今 意一款，包括Chevrolet Optra 经竣工。除此以外，在塔斯马尼亚岛（
年第二季度在该国市场面市。在欧洲， 在内，均可享受到一年的一等车险。 澳大利亚南部），一个微型液化天然气
菲亚特汽车公司已经将几种车型的CNG 特别对于购买Chevrolet Optra 生产厂和加气站也正在建造之中。8 January 2010
2010년에는 2백만 대 이상의 NGV가 더 증가할
것으로 기대된다.
2009년 10월-12월 초까지 유가는 배럴당 피아트는 이미 그랜드 푼토, 푼토, 그럼에도 불구하고 200-250 대의 버스
USD 75에서 USD80사이를 오가며 불안정한 멀티플라,도블라 와 대중차량인 팬다의 충전이 가능하며 대형 CNG 충전소의
상태를 보였었다. 에너지 분석가들은 CNG 용 모델을 판매하고 있다. 푼토와 모델이 될 충전소를 곧 가라치시에
2010년에는 평균 유가가 최소한 80 USD/bbl 팬더는 앞으로 크라이슬러 신 소형 건립한다는 정부의 NGV 프로젝트는
에 달할 것으로 예상하고 있다. 이 같은 차량의 형태를 갖추고 있을 것으로 계속 진행 중이다. 충전소를 가격으로
추측은 오히려 NGV 사업에 확신을 심어 기대된다. 피아트 크라이슬러가 따지자면 약 150.6 백만 루피 정도 될
주고 있다. 비록 관련 전문가들이 연간 CNG용 미니 밴을 미국이나 전 세계에 것이다. 이 프로젝트를 맡고 있는
성장률을 2015년 까지 약 5.5%- 판매하게 될 지는 아직 미지수다. 파키스탄 탄화수소 개발 연구소는
2020년까지 20%로 보는 이견이 있지만 2010년 말에 충전소를 오픈할 것으로
NGV 채택의 예후는 상당히 높은 편이다. 반면 유럽의 한 자동차 회사인 보고 있다. 4,000대의 버스를
폭스바겐은 아직 인도에 CNG/LPG용 충전하기 위한 이러한 규모의 대형
IGU SG 5.3의 연구에 따르면, 차량을 소개할 계획이 없다. 하지만 충전소가 약 15-20개의 가라치시에
지금으로부터 10년 후에는 유가가 120 인도는 LDVs(삼륜차)에서 건립될 예정이다.
USD/bbl로 20년 후에는 150 USD/bbl에 HDVs(트럭,버스)에 이르기까지
달할 것으로 예측하고 있으며 메탄 대부분의 모든 자동차 분야에 CNG 용 중국 대륙에 기온이 급격히 떨어지고
차량(NGV)이 2020년에는 약 50백만 대, 모델을 적용하고 있다. 폭설이 내리면서 중국 북부 지역의
2030년에는 약 100백만 대에 달할 것으로 가정용 가스(난방용) 공급이 증가했다.
예상하고 있다. 이는 자동차 시장에서 마힌드라&마힌드라는 수출 시장을 중부,서부,남부 지역은 천연 가스 부족
NGV가 차지하는 부분이2008년에 1%였던 포함한 CNG 승용차량을 선 보일 사태에 직면해 있다. 갑작스런 기온
것이 2020년에는 4.5%로 2030년에는 계획이라는 좋은 소식이다. 곧 강하는 파이프라인의 가스 흐름을
7%로 증가한다는 것을 의미한다. 운송 선보이게 될 신 모델, 지오는 타타 더디게 만들며 자동차를 충전하는
분야에 있어서의 메탄(NG) 사용은 에이스(소형 상업용 미니 트럭)와 시간을 지연시키는 원인이 되고 있다.
2020년에는 106 bcm, 2030년에는 207 삼륜차량의 사이의 유일한 유틸리티 하지만 추운 겨울이 지나가면 상황은
bcm에 달할 것이다. 아시아-태평양(전 세계 차량이다. 가격도 경제적이어서 더 나아질 것으로 보인다. 게다가 중국
NGV 시장의 44%)이 NGV 인구의 주요 삼륜차보다 겨우 25,000-30,000 서부에서 동부로 잇는 두번째 NG
성장을 보일 것으로 기대되며 그 뒤를 이어 비싼165,000 루피이다. 파이프라인이 2009년 12월까지
남미(26%)와 17%의 성장률을 보인 중동(서 오픈하기로 예정되어 있다. 중국이 곧
아시아 포함)이 3위에 오를 것으로 보인다. 토요타는 2009년 7월 태국에서 캠리 호주에서 (더 많은)LNG를
하이브리드(휘발유/전기) 차량을 수입함으로써 해외로 부터의 가스
2009년 말 현재 전 세계에는 약 11 백만의 선보였다. 반면 미국에서는 2대의 캠리 수입도 계속될 것이다. 가스
NGV가 존재하고 있다. IGU 보고서에는 CNG/전기 하이브리드 차량을 생산했다. 전문가들이 연료가격의 개혁을
2010년 말까지 NGV가 11.64 – 13.7 백만 차량은 400km 주행이 가능한 4개의 요구하고 있지만 정부는 2009년
대에 이르게 될 것임을 보여 주고 있다. 실린더와170 마력의 엔진을 갖추고 말까지 연료 가격 개혁안을 발표하지
(2005년 말의 수치인 4.64 백만 대를 있으며 예상 연비는 도심/고속도로/혼합 않고 국가 경제 안정에 힘쓰고 있다.
근거로 추측 함) 올 한 해만 추가의 2 백만 비율이 52/39/53 km 정도된다.
대의 메탄 자동차를 보게 된다고 해도 “일시적인” 가스 공급 사태에도
과언이 아닐 것이다.(세계 경제 위기가 더 시보레 태국과 GM은 작년 12월 불구하고, 중국에서의 NGV 산업은
이상 악화되지 않고 적어도 안정적인 자동차 엑스포 쇼에서 내수용 세단 계속해서 강한 의지로 남아 있을
유가를 유지한다는 가정하에 말이다.) 시보레 옵트라를 선보였다. 것이다. 특히 중국이 ANGVA2011
그들은 또한 이에 따른 몇몇 판촉 물 총회 및 전시회 개최국으로
아시아 상품도 판매하기에 나섰다. 소비자들은 선정되면서 정부의 지속적이고
IGU가 발표한”정부 정책 시나리오”에 그들의 필요성에 따라 인센티브 상품을 적극적인 지원이 기대되고 있다.
나타난 수치에 의하면 2015년에는 세계 선택할 수 있다. 상품 중에는 25%의 중국은 2009년 세계 경제 위기가
총 NGV 인구가 34.29-39.46 백만에 계약금을 내고 36개월 이상 할부에 0% 닥쳤을 때도 NGV 채택에 게을리하지
달할 것이며 그 중 중동과 러시아를 이자를 제공하는 것이 있는가 하면 않았던 유일한(주요) NGV국가임을
포함한 아시아의 NGV 인구는 16.82- 15% 계약금에 36개월 할부에 0.99% 명시할 필요가 있다.
21.99에 달할 것으로 보고 있다. “ 일반 이자를 제공하는 것도 있다. 두 상품
사업 시나리오”에 의하면 2015년까지 모두 소비자들이 옵트라를 포함한 한편 호주는 세계에서 두 번째로 큰
전세계 NGV 인구가 29.19백만인데 시보레의 4 가지 모델 중 하나를 LNG 공급 국가이자 LNG 붐을 일으킬
비해 아시아의 NGV인구는17.23백만이 구입할 경우 1년 동안 무상으로 우대 나라로 자리매김해 가고 있다. 에너지
될 것이라고 한다. 충전소 분야에 차량 보험 적용이 된다. 또한 CNG 용 자문회사인 우드 멕켄지에 따르면
있어서는 같은 2015년까지 시보레 옵트라 구매자들에게는 1년 2017년까지 그들의 LNG 수출은 두
전세계적으로 37,601개소가 운영되는 동안 10,000 THB까지 CNG연료 배로 늘어날 전망이다. 아시아 시장은
반면 아시아에서 만 28,368개소가 제공이라는 특별한 혜택이 주어진다. 2013 과2018년에는 더 많은 LNG를
운영될 것으로 보고 있다. 사용할 계획이다. 이렇게 되면 호주는
아시아 전역의 근황을 아래와 같이 연료 가격과 가스 공급 중국, 일본, 인도, 한국과 그 외 아시아
소개하고자 한다. 파키스탄의 석유 가스 규제 당국은 국가 및 북미에 가스를 공급하게 될
2010년 1월부터 모든 소비자들에게 것이다. 18개의 LNG 프로젝트(생산
다양한CNG 차량들 천연가스 관세율을18% 인상하기로 공장)가 현재 호주의 서부, 북부,
피아트 인도는 그랜드 푼토라는 CNG 했다. CNG 충전소가 가스 동부에서 진행 중이며 그 중 3개는
자동차를 인도 시장에 선보일 공급업체로부터의 받는 공급가격은 건설 중이거나 이미 건립되었다. 한편
계획이다. 이 차량은 올해 MMBTU당 Rs427.15 에서Rs504로 태즈매니아 섬(호주 남부)에서는 LNG
상반기(2/4)에 출시될 것이다. 유럽의 인상될 것으로 보인다. 소형-공장과 충전소가 설립 중이다.ISO 15500 ISO 9000 BUREAU VERITAS Certification Nº 224008 / Nº 105507
10 January 2010
２０１０年ＮＧＶ普及予想⇒年間２００万台以上増加
原油価格が２００９年１０⽉から１２⽉ する予定。欧州では、フィアットはすで 年１⽉１⽇からすべてのカテゴリーの顧客
初旬にかけて１バレル７５⽶ドルと８０ にGrande Punto, Punto, Multipla, に対して天然ガス価格を１８％値上げする
⽶ドルの間で変動していた。エネルギー Doblò, PandaのＣＮＧ⾞を販売している。 ことを決定した。ＣＮＧスタンドでは、ガ
アナリストは、原油価格が２０１０年に PuntoとPandaは共に来年のクライスラ ス供給事業者からのガス販売価格が１ＭＭ
は少なくとも１バレル当たり平均８０⽶ ーから発売される新しい⼩型⾞の基本⾞ ＢＴＵあたり４２７．１５ルピーから５０
ドルに達するだろうと予測している。経 種となることになっている。フィアット ４ルピーに引き上げられる予定である。
済の回復やまだ動きが少ないが、貿易量 傘下になったクライスラーがミニバンの
の増加と共にこの予測はＮＧＶビジネス ＣＮＧ⾞を⽶国や世界で販売するかどう しかし、政府によるＮＧＶプロジェクト
にとってより⾃信を深めることになる。 か注⽬したい。 は継続されており、２００〜２５０台の
ＣＮＧバスに充てんできる⼤型ＣＮＧス
２０１５年に５.５％、２０２０年に２０ ⼀⽅、もう⼀つの欧州⾃動⾞メーカーであ タンドが⾸都カラチにまもなく建設され
％の年間成⻑率といった異なる予想をす るフォルクスワーゲンはインドでＣＮＧ⾞ る予定である。建設費は１億５,０６０万
る専⾨家もいるが、ＮＧＶ普及の予測に ／ＬＰＧ⾞を販売する予定がない。しかし ルピーになる。プロジェクトを管理して
ついては肯定的である 、インドではＬＤＶ（三輪⾞）からＨＤＶ いるThe Hydrocarbon Development
ＩＧＵ（国際ガス連盟）のスタディーグ （トラック、バス）まですべての⾞種、⾞ Institute of Pakistanは、２０１０
ループ（SG5.3）の分析によると、今か 両のＣＮＧ改造⾞がたくさんある。 年末までにこの⼤型スタンドがオープンす
ら１０年後に１バレル当たり１２０⽶ド ることを期待している。このような⼤型Ｃ
ル、２０年後には１５０⽶ドルと予測さ 良いニュースは、マヒンドラ＆マヒンド ＮＧスタンドを１５〜２０ヶ所程度カラチ
れている原油価格により、２０２０年に ラ社が輸出の可能性も含めて⼩型商⽤ト 市内に建設し、４,０００台のＣＮＧバス
約５,０００万台、２０３０年に約１億台 ラックGioのＣＮＧ⾞を発売する計画があ にＣＮＧを充てんする計画である。
のＮＧＶ普及を予測している。これを⾔ る。まもなくＣＮＧ⾞が発売されるGioは
い換えると、２００８年には全⾃動⾞の 、タタ社のAce（⼩型商⽤⾞のミニトラ 中国では気温が下がり、北部では豪雪に
内、ＮＧＶが占める割合が１％であった ック）と三輪⾞の間を狙ったユニークな なるので、ガス供給は暖房⽤の家庭⽤燃
ものが、２０２０年には４.５％、２０３ ⾞である。ＣＮＧ⾞価格は⼤変経済的な 料としてほとんど利⽤されている。中央
０年には７％になることである。天然ガ １６５,０００ルピーで、三輪⾞との価格 、東部、南部の各省ではガスの供給不⾜
スを主としたメタンは２０２０年には１, 差はわずか２５,０００〜３０,０００ルピ に直⾯している。気温の急激な低下はガ
０６０億⽴⽅メートル、２０３０年には ーである。また、ヒンドスタン⾃動⾞の スパイプラインの流量を低下させ、ＮＧ
２,０７０億⽴⽅メートルまで輸送⽤燃料 ３トンミニトラックのShifeng Ｖへの充てん時間を⻑くしている。
として利⽤されるだろう。ＮＧＶが⼤き Winner１.８ＣＮＧがBharat Stage 4
く伸びる地域は、アジア太平洋地域（世 (最新のインドの排ガス規制)をクリアし、 しかし、寒い冬が過ぎると条件は良くな
界市場の４４％）が第１位で、それに続 昨年９⽉に発売された。 る。また、中国⻄部から東部に⾏く第２
き、南アメリカ（２６％）、⻄アジアを の天然ガスパイプラインが２００９年１
含む中東が１７％で第３位である。 タイでは、トヨタ⾃動⾞が２００９年７ ２⽉に完成した。海外からのガス供給も
⽉にカムリハイブリッド（ガソリン／電 近い将来にオーストラリアから中国がＬ
２００９年末までにおよそ１,１００万台 気）を発売した。その間に⽶国では２台 ＮＧを輸⼊するように開拓を継続してい
のＮＧＶが世界で⾛っている。ＩＧＵレ のカムリハイブリッド（ＣＮＧ／電気） る。ガスの専⾨家はガス価格の改訂を検討
ポートでは２０１０年末までに１,１６４ を作った。ＣＮＧコンポジットボンベを しているが、政府は国の経済の安定性も考
万台から１,３７０万台になるだろうと予 ４本搭載し、⾛⾏距離は４００ｋｍ、１ 慮して２００９年には実⾏しなかった。
想している。（２００５年末の普及台数 ７０⾺⼒のエンジンで推定燃費は市街地
が４６４万台から予測している。）２０ 、⾼速道路、両者の混在のそれぞれで５ ⼀時的にガス供給の課題はあるにもかかわ
１０年だけで２００万台も上乗せになる ２、３９、５３ｋｍである。この⾞はま らず、ＮＧＶ産業は中国で好調を持続して
ことは驚くことではない。（もっとも現 だ市販では製造していないので、タイで いるようである。中国が２０１１年にＡＮ
在以上に世界同時不況が深刻にならず、 はＣＮＧカムリハイブリッドを購⼊する ＧＶＡのＮＧＶ会議・展⽰会を開催するよ
少なくとも原油価格が安定することが条 ことができない。 うに政府はＮＧＶ産業を引続き⽀援してい
件ではあるが。） る。２００９年の世界同時不況の間にも中
シボレータイとＧＭは昨年１２⽉に⾃動 国はＮＧＶ普及が減速しなかった唯⼀のＮ
アジア ⾞ショーでシボレーOptraのステーション ＧＶ国であることが重要である。
ＩＧＵレポートの「政府による政策シナ ワゴンとセダンのＣＮＧ⾞を展⽰した。
リオ」によると、中東とロシアを含むア ⼀⽅、オーストラリアは世界第２位のＬ
ジアでのＮＧＶ普及台数は２０１５年ま いくつかの購⼊促進パッケージが販売を ＮＧ供給国になり、ＬＮＧブームを経験
でに世界で３,４２９万台から２,９４６ 押し上げてきた。購⼊者は⾃分に必要な している。エネルギーコンサルタントの
万台に対して１,６８２万台から２,１９ インセンティブパッケージを選択するこ ウッド・マッケンジー⽒によると、２０
９万台になるとしている。「通常のビジ とができる。２５％引きで３６ヶ⽉の無 １７年までのＬＮＧ輸出量は２倍になる
ネスシナリオ」によると、２０１５年ま 利息払いや１５％引きで０.９９％利⼦の だろうと予測されている。アジア市場は
でに世界で２,９１９万台に対してアジア ３６ヶ⽉分割払いをこのパッケージは含 ２０１３年と２０１８年にさらにＬＮＧ
では１,７２３万台になる。天然ガススタ んでいる。両⽅ともシボレーOptra が使われると予測している。このケース
ンドでは、２０１５年に世界で３７,６０ ＣＮＧを含むシボレー４モデルのいずれ では、オーストラリアは中国、⽇本、イ
１ヶ所に対してアジアでは２８,３６８ヶ の購⼊でも１年間のファーストクラス⾃ ンド、韓国、他のアジア諸国、そして北
所になる。 動⾞保険が付帯し、ＣＮＧ⾞の場合には ⽶にガスを供給するだろう。１８のＬＮ
下記はアジアにおけるトピックスである。 最初の年に１万タイバーツまでのＣＮＧ Ｇプロジェクト（ＬＮＧ液化基地）がオ
燃料代もついてくる。 ーストラリア⻄部、北部、東部で⾏なわ
ＣＮＧ改造⾞ れており、その内の３つが建設中である
フィアットインドでは、インド市場に 燃料価格とガス供給 。それとは別に南オーストラリアのタス
Grande PuntoのＣＮＧ⾞を投⼊する計 パキスタンのThe Oil and Gas マニア島では、ＬＮＧミニプラントと充
画がある。今年の第２四半期までに発売 Regulatory Authorityは、２０１０ てん所が建設中である。January 2010 11
12 January 2010
14 January 2010
Sekitar 2 juta NGV diperkirakan akan
ditambahkan di tahun 2010
Harga minyak naik turun sekitar USD 75 Bisnis Dalam Keadaan Normal”, di mempunyai 4 tank komposit CNG,
– hamper USD80 per barrel di bulan tahun 2015, jumlah NGV di Asia versus driving range sampai 400km, kapasitas
Oktober-permulaan Desember 2009. di dunia akan menjadi 17.23 juta NGVs mesin 170 hp, dengan efisiensi bahan
Menurut perkiraan pakar enerji harga dan 29.19 juta. Di sektor stasiun bakar dalam kota/jalan tol/kombinasi
minyak di tahun 2010 setidaknya akan pengisian bahan bakar (BBG), 28,368 52/39/53 km/galon. Karena mobil ini
bekisar sekitar 80 USD/bbl. Dengan stasiun dihaparapkan akan dioperasikan masih belum dipasarkan secara masal,
adanya prediksi ini plus membaiknya dalam tahun yang sama, versus 37,601 Hybrid CNG masih belum ditawarkan di
keadaan ekonomi dunia dan aktifitas stasiun di dunia. Tailand.
perdagangan membuahkan dampak Di bawah ini adalah beberapa berita
positif di industri NGV. Meskipun dari seluruh Asia. Chevrolet Thailand dan GM
pakar-pakar industri ini membuat memamerkan Chevrolet Optra
macam-macam proyeksi, prognosis Kendaraan versi CNG CNG-dalam versi estate dan
bagi pertumbuhan tahunan dari Fiat India berencana untuk memasarkan sedan-selama pameran mobil di Tailand
populasi NGV sangatlah menjanjikan, mobil Grande Punto dalam versi CNG bulan Desember lalu.
sekitar 5.5% di tahun 2015-20% di (CNG variant) di India. Model ini akan Chevrolet menawarkan beberapa paket
tahun 2020. dipasarkan di kwartal kedua 2010. Di promosi yang mana pembeli mobil
Eropa, Fiat sudah memasarkan CNG dapat memilih satu dari beberapa tipe
Menurut studi IGU SG 5.3, harga model (OEM) dari Grande Punto, Punto, paket. Macam promosinya terdiri dari
minyak akan mencapai 120 USD/bbl Multipla, Doblò dan Panda. Merk Punto 0% bunga bagi pembayaran dalam
sepuluh tahun dari sekarang dan 150 dan Panda akan dijadikan basis model jangka 36 bulan dengan 25% uang
USD/bbl dua puluh tahun dari dari versi baru dari mobil-kecil buatan muka (DP), dan 0.99% bunga bagi
sekarang, sekitar 50-100 juta Chrysler di tahun-tahun mendatang. pembayaran bulanan selama 36 bulan
kendaraan berbahan bakar metan Waktu akan menunjukkan apakah dengan 15% DP. Selain itu juga
(natural gas) diharapkan akan Chrysler akan menawarkan versi CNG tersedia asuransi mobil premium gratis
beroperasi di tahun 2020 dan 2030. dari mini-van di USA dan dunia selama selama satu tahun bagi pembeli dari
Hal ini berarti bahwa persentase dari perusahaan ini berada dalam tangan Fiat. empat model khusus Chevrolet yang
NGV di industri kendaraan akan Di lain pihak, merk Eropa lainnya, ditawarkan di pameran tersebut
menanjak dari 1% di tahun 2008 ke Volkswagen, belum berencana mema- termasuk Chevrolet Optra. Khusus bagi
4.5% di tahun 2020 dan 7% tahun sarkan model CNG/LPG dari mobil- pembeli Chevrolet Optra CNG, juga
2030. Pemakaian metane (NG) di sektor mobilnya di India. Meskipun demikian, ditawarkan bahan bakar CNG (BBG)
transport dapat mencapai 106 bcm India mempunyai banyak CNG variants gratis seharga 10,000 THB selama
tahun 2020 dan 207 bcm tahun 2030. di hamper seluruh segmen kendaraan, tahun pertama sesudah pembelian.
Pertumbuhan utama dari populasi NGV dari LDVs (three-wheeler/bajaj) sampai
diantisipasikan akan terjadi di HDVs (truk dan bis). Harga bahan bakar dan
Asia-Pasifik (44% dari pasar NGV supply gas
global), diikuti oleh Amerika Selatan Mahindra & Mahindra berencana untuk Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority di
(26%), dan region Timur Tengah (termasuk memasarkan mobil-mobil CNG variant- Pakistan memutuskan untuk menaikkan
Asia Barat) di tempat ketiga (17%). nya di lar negeri. Selain itu, model baru tariff natural gas (NG) sebanyak 18%
Jumlah NGV di dunia di akhir tahun dari CNG variant akan diperkenalkan. bagi semua kategori consumer sejak 1
2009 sekitar 11 juta. Menurut laporan Model ini, Gio, termasuk dalam kategori Januari 2010. Bagi pemilik stasiun
IGU di akhir 2010 jumlah NGV akan unik dari segmen kendaraan utilitas CNG (BBG), harga gas dari supplier
mencapai 11.64 – 13.7 juta (proyeksi ini antara Tata Ace (truk mini/Light naik dari Rs427.15 menjadi Rs504 per
dibuat berdasarkan jumlah populasi Commercial Vehicle) dan three-wheeler. MMBTU.
NGV di akhir tahun 2005 dengan 4.64 Harga Gio CNG sangatlah murah. Di lain pihak, NGV proyek dari
juta NGV). Diperkiraan sekitar 2 juta Kendaraan ini, seahrga Rs165,000, pemerintah akan terus digalakkan.
NGV akan ditambahkan di tahun ini hanyalah Rs 25,000-30,000 lebih mahal Satu model mega stasiun BBG dengan
(dengan asumsi bahwa krisis ekonomi dari three-wheelers. Selain itu, kapasitas layanan 200-250 bis CNG
global tidak akan berlanjut dan harga Hindustan Motors Shifeng Winner 1.8 akan segera dibangun di kota Karachi.
minyak, setidaknya, stabil). CNG Bharat Stage 4 (standard emisi Biaya stasiun ini berkisar sekitar
India terbaru) 3-ton Mini Truck diperke- Rs150.6 juta. Hydrocarbon
Asia nalkan September lalu. Development Institute of Pakistan yang
Menurut “Skenario Pemerintah” di akan memimpin pelaksanaan proyek ini
laporan IGU, jumlah total NGV di Asia Di Tailand, Toyota memperkenalkan mengharapkan stasiun ini akan dibuka
termasuk Timur Tengah dan Rusia akan mobil Camry Hybrid (bensin/elektrik) di di akhir tahun 2010. Sekitar 15-20
mencapai 16.82-21.99 juta tahun 2015 bulan Juli 2009. Di Amerika, perusa- mega stasiun diantisipasikan akan
sedangkan total NGV di dunia sekitar haan ini membuat dua prototip dari dibangun di Karachi untuk melayani
34.29-39.46 juta. Menurut “Skenario Camry Hybrid CNG/elektrik. Mobil ini 4,000 bis BBG.January 2010 15 Karena Cina mengalami musim dingin berat dengan banyak salju terutama di bagian utara, suply gas diprioritaskan bagi sektor perumahan (sebagai pemanas). Provinsi Cina Tengah, Timur dan Selatan mengalami kekurangan gas suply. Karena temperature udara turun secara drastis, aliran bahan bakar di pipa gas melambat. Dengan demikian, waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mengisi bahan bakar gas di kendaraan menjadi lebih lama. Namun demikian, kondisi ini mungkin akan segera membaik ketika musim dingin berakhir. Selain itu, pipa gas kedua akan dibangun dengan jalur Cina Barat-Timur dan direncanakan untuk dibuka bulan Desember 2009. Cina juga memperkaya suply gas dari luar negeri. Salah satunya, LNG (tambahan) akan diimport dari Australia dalam jangaka waktu dekat ini. Meskipun pakar gas menyatakan bahwa reformasi harga gas segera dibutuhkan, pemerintah tidak menaikkan harga gas selama akhir tahun 2009, dengan background, antara lain untuk mensuport stabilitas ekonomi domestik. Industri NGV di Cina diharapkan akan tetap kuat. Pemerintah diharapkan akan terus mensuport industri in secara aktif, terutama karena Cina telah terpilih sebagai tuan rumah dari konferensi dan pameran ANGVA2011. Keunggulan Cina yang patut dicatat tahun ini adalah kapasitasnya sebagai satu-satunya negara NGV (besar) yang tidak menunjukkan penurunan dalam adopsi dan sales dari NGV dan BG beserta komponen-komponennya selama krisis ekonomi global di tahun 2009. Di lain pihak, Australia diperkirakan akan menjadi pemasok LNG terbesar kedua dunia dan diharapkan akan mengalami sales booming. LNG export diharapkan akan berlipat dua pada tahun 2017, menurut enerji konsultan Wood Mackenzie. Pangsa pasar Asia diproyeksikan akan meng- gunakan LNG dalam jumlah yang lebih banyak lagi di tahun 2013 dan 2018. Sehubungan dengan hal ini, Australia juga akan mengexport gasnya ke Cina, Jepang, India, Korea dan negara Asia lainnya dan Amerika Utara. Delapan belas LNG proyek (pusat produksi LNG) akan dibuka di Australia bagian barat, utara, dan timur, yang mana 3 unit sudah atau sedang dibangun. Selain itu, satu LNG mikro-plant and BBG diban- gun di pulau Tasmania (di sebelah sela- tan Australia).
16 January 2010
OEM NGVs and CNG vehicle variants
NGV availability in Asia
Brand NGV models Remarks
Australia
HDVs
8x4 rigid truck with Cummins
Acco F 2350 6x4 Compactor
Iveco Wesport C Gas Plus (8.3l) engines.
CNG Dual Control
Dedicated CNG truck
T908 Dedicated LNG trailer
Kenwood Dedicated LNG truck (Model base
Innovation
T608)
Mack Australia Mack Granite 8x4 Day Cab Dedicated CNG Rigid-Agitator
FSR850
FSR700
Isuzu NPR300 Dedicated CNG trucks
NLR 200
Isuzu CNG NPR 400 Light Truck
Brand NGV models Remarks
Bangladesh
LDV
Second-hand bi-fuel cars imported
Few Japanese Cars from Japan (no more than 3-5
models years old)
Tata Motors Ace CNG model 275 CNG 15 Dedicated CNG mini-truck
HDV
Aking Aking CNG Dedicated CNG bus imported from
China (Aking is the distributor)
Dedeicated CNG bus (distributed
Tata Motors LPO 1510 CNG by Nitol Motor)
Brand NGV models Remarks
Korea
LDVs
Hyundai i-10 Blue CNG Passenger car- available in Europe
HDVs
BS090 9 m city bus: 24+1 seats
BS106 10.6 m city bus: 26+29+1 seats
BH115 11.5 m Inter city bus: 45+1
Daewoo BC211M 11 m Low floor bus: 29+28+1
BV120MA (12 m) 12 m Low floor bus : 25-45 seats
BS120CN (12 m) 12 m Ultra low floor bus: 25-44 seats
LNG bus In development (for demonstration project)
Tata Daewoo Garbagetruck (Roll Pack) 19.3
Commercial
Vehicles Co.,
Ltd Garbage truck (Arm Roll) 11 Ton (Payload)
11 litre-LNG tractor In development (for demonstration project)
Aero City City bus: 21+1 seats
Aero Inter City City bus: 38+1 seats
Hyundai
Aero Inter City City bus: 45+1 seats
Aero City Bus de GNV Low-floor bus: 27+1 seats
Shinjeon Sweeper To be launchedJanuary 2010 17
Brand NGV models Remarks
Japan
LDVs
Hijet Cargo CNG (LE-S320V)
Cargo van
Daihatsu
Mira Van CNG (GBD-L250V)Van
Honda Civic GX Sedan
Mazda Familia van Van
Mitsubishi Motors Minicab GD-U61V (2WD) Dedicated CNG van
AD Van CNGV (CEF-VGY11) Emission reductions: 20%-30%
Nissan-Diesel less CO2, 50% less NOx
Caravan CNGV (LC-VPE25) Van
Suzuki Wagon R (CBA-MH21S)
Probox CNG (DFE-NCP52V) Small Van
Toyota Camry Hybrid electric/CNG, con-
cept car
Subaru Legacy TA-BL5 Passenger car
HDVs
Hino Ranger Truck
Elf 2 tonnes delivery & garbage
trucks
4 tonnes delivery & garbage
Forward trucks
Isuzu
Wagon R (CBA-MH21S) Truck
ERGA low-floor bus Bus
ERGA Mio low-floor bus Bus
Mazda Titan AFG-LKR82AN Truck
Mercedes Citaro G Dedicated CNG bus
Fighter NX Delivery & garbage trucks
Mitsubishi-Fuso Big-size low-floor bus Bus
Canter KK-FE73CEV Truck
Nissan Atlas KR-AKR81EP 2 tonnes truck
Condor AFG-BKR82EP 2 tonnes truck
4 tonnes truck & garbage
Nissan-Diesel Condor PB-MK36A truck
Condor PB-PK37A 7 tonnes truck
Specialty vehicle
Kanto Machine Centre Working vehicle
Komatsu Forklift Forklift
Mitsubishi Heavy Industry Forklift
Sumitomo Yale Forklift CNG 11-FG25PV1 Forklift
TCM TCM Forklift
Toyota Forklift
Brand NGV models Remarks
Indonesia
HDV
Bus (engine from Korea,
Daewoo CNG city bus body/frame and assembly in
Indonesia)
Malaysia
LDV
Ria CNG Passenger car
Naza
Citra CNG Passenger car
Proton Persona CNG Passenger car (taxi), in plan
HDV
Kosmo Motor Company Kosmo Bus
Singapore
LDV
Chevrolet Optra Magnum Bifuel car
Mercedes-Benz E200-NGT Sedan18 January 2010
Brand NGV models Remarks
Pakistan
LDVs
Adam Motors Co. Ltd. Revo 800 cc
Dewan Passenger car
Honda Civix GX Sedan
Indus Motors Co. Ltd. Daihatsu Cuore 800 cc
Isuzu Lancer
Mehran Bifuel cars
Alto
Pak Suzuki Motor Co. Bolan
Cultus
Suzuki Liana
Shahab Enterprises Pervaaz (3 wheeler) 125 cc
TMC Alif CNG Bifuel cars
TMC TMC Bay CNG
TMC Bay Delivery van Bifuel delivery van
Nexus Autos Chevrolet 800 and 1.000 cc
HDV
Hino CNG bus (Not yet in mass marketing)
Yunma YM6-101-B CNG City Bus Dedicated CNG
Iran
LDVs
Samand D class, 1.800 cc, passenger car
Peugeot 405 C class, 1.800 cc, passenger car
Iran Khodro Co.
Peugeot RD C class, 1.600 cc, passenger car
Peykan 1.600 cc, pick-up
Saipa Pride C class, 1.400 cc, passenger car
Saipa Group (Zamyad Zamyad 2.400 cc, pick up
subsidiary Co.)
M-HDVs
S60G CNG Midibus
S36CNG City Minibus Minibus
Garbage collector CNG Truck
Renault Medium
Saipa Diesel
CNG Tipper Renault Medium Truck
Garbage Collector CNG Budsun Truck
CNG Rigid Budsun Truck
CNG city Bus MAN Bus
Thailand3
LDVs
Chevrolet Optra CNG Bifuel car
DaimlerChrysler Mercedes E200 NGT Bi-fuel passenger car
Chevrolet Optra Sedan bi-fuel 1,6 To be launched end
General Motors4
Chevrolet Optra Sedan bi-fuel 1,6 2006/early 2007.
Honda Expected to enter the market
Monika CNG tuk-tuk
Corolla Altis Passenger car, launching by
Toyota Motor Thailand end 2008
Co., Ltd. Limo CNG (Altis) Bifuel car
Hilux Vigo Pick Up Bifuel pick up
Proton Persona CNG Multifuel
(CNG/gasoline/alcohol)
Volvo (S80) Expected to enter the market
HDV
Pick-up truck to run on 80%
Chevrolet Colorado dual fuel CNG and 20% diesel. Can
be switched to 100% diesel.
FM-CNG version Tractor truck
Hino
FG-CNG version
Summitr Motors Assembly of CNG buses and trucks
Yantia Shuchi Vehicle Co NG bus(es) In plan: opening an NG bus plant
and investment in fuelling facilityJanuary 2010 19
Brand NGV models Remarks
India
LDV-MDvs
Atul Auto CNG three wheelers Dedicated CNG
Powered by CNG/gasoline
One-tonne twee-wheeler
Bajaj Auto to be launched
Tavera
Passenger car, imported on
DaimlerChrysler Mercedes NGT
demand
Fiat Palio Bifuel car
Ford Ikon Flair CNG Bi-fuel car
Bi-fuel car with 140-150km
coverage on full fuel tank.
The running cost is 70%
Chevrolet Optra cheaper than the gasoline
version (Rs.1.92/km with
CNG vs Rs. 5.20/km with
gasoline)
General Motors India Chevrolet Spark
Upper premium compact
Chevrolet Aveo U-VA
segment car
Chevrolet Aveo Midsize car
All future GM cars (including
Cruze, Beat and the new
Aveo) to be launched in CNG To be launched
version as well
Passenger car (factory-fitted
Hindustan Motors Ambassador
CNGV)
Hindustan Motors &
Mitsubishi Lancer 1.5 litre Passenger car
Mitsubishi Motors
Santro Xing CNG Compact car
Hyundai Motors
Accent Bi-fuel car/taxi
Champion CNG Large three-wheelers
Tempo Three-wheeler
Alfa Small three-wheeeler
Mahindra & Mahindra Scorpio CNG SUV, in plan
Bolero Pick-up, dedicated CNG
Mahindra CNG 3 door Sport Utility Vehicle bifuel
Maxx Maxi Truck Dedicated CNG pick-up
Mitsubishi & Hindustan Passenger car with 1,5 litre
Lancer
Motor engine
Mitusbishi and Renault Renult Logan Bifuel car
Omni 5-seater CNG Passenger car
Maruti Udyong Ltd
Alto CNG Passenger car
Tata Engineering and Bi-fuel passenger car with
Indica-CNG 5-seaters hatchback, BS III
Locomotive Company Ltd
compliant (Bharat stage III is
Indigo Marina India's emission standard)
TATA 407 CNG 4 tonnes GVW truck
Tata Motors
0.75 tonnes mini truck,
Ace
dedicated CNG
Corolla Altis Premium sedan
Toyota Kirloskar Motor
Innova Multi Untility Vehicles
HDV
Long distance LPO 1510 CNG Chassis of intra-city bus
Tata Motors Starbus Ultra Low Floor-LPO
Fully built bus, intra city bus
1623 CNG
Dedicated CNG bus
Kinglong Bus
imported from China
Piaggio CNG Ape Truck20 January 2010
Brand NGV models Remarks
China
LDVs
Astro Motor Technical Co. CNG three-wheeler Dedicated CNG
CK150ZK-1 Bifuel Auto rickshaw (tricycle)
CK2002ZK Bifuel Auto rickshaw (tricycle)
Auto Rickshaw
CK250ZK Rear Water Cooled Tricycle CNG/diesel autorickshaw
VX150ZK Bifuel tricycle
BIGMT125-6b CNG
Bigmt125-6 CNG
110cc-1(horizontal engine) CD70-21
125cc-4(vertical engine)
China Congqing Big Science & CNG Motorcycle (110cc-3&125cc-3) Motorcycle
Technology (Group) 125cc-5(stand engine)
125CC-5(vertical engine)
(125cc water-cooling engine)
125cc-4(horizontal engine)
CNG 650cc Minibus Bifuel minibus
Chinese Motor Industrial Co. CNG tricycle 175cc Dedicated CNG tricycle
Bifuel 125cc motorcylce Motorcycle
Middle engine tricycle Three-wheeler
Chongqing Hengtong Bus Co.,
Tricycle goods Three-wheeler
Ltd.
Tricycle bifuel (gasoline and CNG) Three-wheeler
Low Flooring Mini Bus Dual fuel CNG/diesel
Chongqing Rightway Industry Three-Wheelers CNG Three-wheeler
Chongqing Tengzhou Moto Co., Liyang LY150ZH-1 Disabled tricycle
Biyadi Automobile Co., Ltd Biyadi QCJ7160A/CNG
Chery SQR7160E/CNG
Chery Automobile Co., Ltd Chery SQR7162A15/CNG Bi-fuel cars
Chery SQR7200/CNG
Chongqing Chanan Suzuki Chanan SC7130B
CNG car 650 CC Car
China CNG Bus
CNG car 650 cc Minibus Yellow Minibus
Dongfeng Citroën Citroën Elisee Bifuel car
Dongfeng EQ102H15QAC Bi-fuel light-duty truck
Dongfeng Automobile Co., Ltd
Dongfeng EQ6490H15QAC
Dongfeng Citroen DC7163MAN
Dongfeng Citroen DC7163RAN
Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen
Shenlong Fukang DC7142RDN
Automobile Co., Ltd
Shenlong Fukang DC7142EDN
Shenlong Fukang DC7142EAN
Dongfeng Yueda Kia Automobile Kia YQZ7130CNG Bi-fuel cars
FAW Hongqi CA7180G4
Jetta FV7160CiF.C
Jetta FV7160CiX.C
FAW Volkswagen Automobile Co., Jetta FV7160CiX/CNG
Ltd Jetta FV7160CiF.C
Jetta FV7160GiX.C
Jetta FV7160CiX/CNG
BIGMT110cc-1
BIGMT 110cc-2
BGMT Tailand Honda 110-3
BIGMT125cc-4
Honda Bi-fuel motorcycles
BIGMT110cc-4
BGMT150cc-1
BIGMT150cc-2 (Water Cooling Model)
JMC Brand JMC Brand CNG 3 Wheeler Dedicated CNG three-wheelers
CQBUS - Kingtonliyang Kingtonliyang KT125CNG-3 CNG motorcycle
Lifan Lifan 520 Passenger car
Mudan CNG 3-Ton Light Truck Dedicated CNG truck
Shanghai Volkswagen Automobile Santana SVW7180Kei
Jinbei SY6483LT1
Shenyang Brilliance Jinbei Co.,
Jinbei SY6483LT2
Ltd
Zhonghua SY7200T
Vela CA7156UM
Vela CA7166UM Bi-fuel cars
Xiali TJ7101AULM
Tianjin FAW Xiali Automobile Co.,
Xiali TJ7101AUM
Ltd
Xiali TJ7101BLM
Xiali TJ7101BUM
Xiali TJ7101UM
Toyota Limo CNG Bi-fuel car
Vision
Geely King Kong Passenger cars
Free ShipJanuary 2010 21
Brand NGV models Remarks
HDVs
Ainy Ele-Mechanical Co. CKZ6180 CNG City Bus Dedicated CNG bus
Anhui Hualing Automobile Hualing Star HN4180PT23C4M CNG Tractor Dedicated CNG tractor
Beijing Bus General Plant Jinghua BK6141CNG Hinge Jointed City Bus
Changjiang CJ6110G3Y7H Bus
Changjiang CJ6110SG2Y7H
Changzhou Iveco Bus Co., Ltd
Changjiang CJ6110SG2YH
Dedicated CNG buses
Changjiang CJ6120G2Y7H Bus
China Vehicles Co., Ltd Tourist bus
Chongqing CNG Technologies CNG bus
Chongqing Jiangchuan Chuanjiang CJQ6790KCS Bus
CKZ6123 Chongqing Hengtong Bus Dedicated CNG version and bifuel
CKZ6108
QB210-20
CA6105ZLQ
Chongqing Hengtong Bus CA6DF2D-18
Dual fuel CNG/diesel buses
EQB180-20
YC6112ZLQ
CA6DF2-24
YC6105ZLQ
Core Asia Transmart NG dual fuel truck CNG/diesel and LNG/diesel truck
Dongfeng Automobile Co., Ltd Dongfeng EQ6830RACN Bus Dedicated CNG buses
Dongfeng EQ6111RCDN Bus
Dedicated CNG buses
Dongfeng EQ6122KS Bus
Dongfeng EQ1165F Truck
Dongfeng EQ1165K2 Truck
Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd
Dongfeng EQ1140GL1 Truck
Dedicated CNG trucks
Dongfeng EQ1140GL Truck
Dongfeng EQ1250GL2 Truck
Dongfeng EQ1250GL3 Truck
Dongfeng Nanchong Automobile Dongfeng EQ6590PC1 Bus
Dual fuel buses
Co., Ltd Dongfeng EQ6590PC Bus
Jiefang CA1127L5A CNG Truck
Dedicated CNG trucks
Jiefang CA1150P1L1A80 CNG Truck
First Auto Works (FAW)
Jiefang CA6101D92-9 Bus
JiefangCA6110D118-1T Bus
Hengtong
Iveco Irisbus Iveco CityClass CNG
Dedicated CNG bus
Jiangsu Youyi Automobile Co. ZGT6100A CNG
King Long
Nanjing Jinling Double- decker JinlngJLY6101SA CNG
Bus Plant JinlngJLY6101SB CNG
Mudan CNG 3-Ton Light Truck Dedicated CNG truck
Shanqi SX4254BK294T Tractor Dedicated CNG tractor
Shaanxi Automobile (Group) Shanqi SX6112F Luxury City Bus Dedicated CNG bus
Shanqi SX6112C City Bus Dual fuel bus
Shanghai Huizhong Automobile SHAC SH4251A4B31K Tractor Dedicated CNG tractor
FDG6121B Dedicated CNG bus for sight seeing
Shenzeng Wuzhoulong Automobile
FDG6121F Dedicated CNG bus
Tata Daewoo Arm Roll CNG Refused Truck Dedicated CNG
Yaxing-Benz Motor Coach Co.,Ltd Yaxing YBL6110GNH Bus Chassis(Class 3) Dedicated CNG bus
The company was reported to have
120 models of NGVs exported to
Yantia Shuchi Vehicle Co NGV buses
Europe, Japan, Bangladesh and
Pakistan
Yuchai Diesel Engine Co.,Ltd For export purposes
Yuejin Automobile(Group)Co., Ltd Yuejin NJ67001M5EG Bus Chassis(Class 3) Dedicated CNG bus
Yunma Aircraft Manufacturing YM6-101-B Dedicated CNG City Bus
Zhongda Industrial Group Co. JLY6101SA CNG bus and double deck buses22 January 2010
IGU SG 5.3: technology development
and an overview of NGV industry today
The previous vehicles without catalytic converter); The all-steel cylinder is the ‘first’
IGU S.G. 5.3 ® Second generation with basically generation (excluding the historical
report for the mechanical fuel system with electronic rubber-lined canvas bags as ‘first’ type
2003 – 2006 triennium provided a feedback control or electronically of non-pressurized gas storage container).
comprehensive overview and analysis of controlled fuel system without feedback The development of the fibreglass,
existing fuels and technologies control (closed-loop carburettor and hoop wound aluminium cylinder can be
covering: petrol and diesel automotive throttle body injection / single port considered a ‘Second Generation’
technologies: state-of-the-art; hybrid injection engines (corresponding to Euro departure from the all-steel cylinder that
vehicles; natural gas vehicles and 1 / 2 standard); began in 1982/1983 in the US. The
power-trains; compressed natural gas ® Third generation with multi-point fuel move to Type 3 fully wrapped metal
(CNG) technology; on board storage injection, electronic control and feedback liner cylinder is a further development
and filling; liquefied natural gas (LNG); (closed-loop multi point gaseous injection from the Type 2 hoop-wrapped cylinder.
bio-methane; synthetic fuels produced system engines with group injection or The development of the 100% full
from natural gas; hydrogen produced continuous injection (corresponding to composite CNG cylinders that emerged
from natural gas; and off-road Euro 2 / 3 standard)); and from aeronautic technology represents
applications. This chapter presents a ® Fourth generation which is like third a third ‘generation’ of CNG storage.
chronological overview of NGV generation but with OBD capabilities; Further refinement of these Type 4
technology development in last decade . closed-loop and lean-burn sequential cylinders so far have been refinements
multi-point gaseous injection system of this third generation fuel storage
Since the advent of NGVs in Italy in the engines. technology. However, Type I cylinders
1930s, natural gas vehicle technology generally are the most popular ones
has made steady improvements and, in It is these systems that have due to their lower prices compared to
some cases, technological ‘leaps’ as correspondingly over time been used in other types of cylinders.
they have begun to penetrate world standard OEM gasoline vehicles, with Table 8 - Chronological Overview of
country markets. Most of the the fourth generation, OBD compatible NGV Technologies Development
improvements and subsequent system, the one of choice for the most (emphasis on Europe)
“generations” of NGVs have, however, highly developed, currently available
mirrored the dramatic changes experi- gasoline engines. 1-Information for Europe provided by John
Baldwin (CNG Services Ltd.), Peter Boisen
enced in the standard gasoline and (NGVA Europe) and Jeffrey Seisler (Clean Fuels
diesel engines and vehicles. CNG cylinders, in parallel, also have Consulting). State-of-the-art in Russian NGV
Manufacturers of gasoline and diesel seen new ‘generations’ as the need for market is described in detail by Eugene Pronin
(Gazprom / NGVRUS). In depth review of U.S.
vehicles/engines typically have used lighter weight and increased fuel capacity development has been provided by Rich
NGVs as the benchmark for ‘what is a was driven by customer requirements. Kolodziej (IANGV / NGV America).
clean vehicle?’ The most recent diesel
engines with selective catalytic Period State of the art
reduction (SCR) systems are being
< 1st generation NGVs, petrol conversions, tanks (cylinders) in boot of the car. In
1997 – 2000 period: first generation factory built Volvo S70/V70 with cylinder in
touted as ‘cleaner than natural gas’ but, 2000 luggage space. In 1998 factory built Fiat Multipla with under floor cylinders.
in reality, considering all the regulated
and unregulated pollutants, NGVs still 2001 2nd generation factory built Volvo S80 / V70 / S60 with under floor cylinders.
are ‘cleaner’ than the best diesel
technologies. And so it has been that 2002 2nd generation factory built VW Golf and Opel Astra with under floor cylinders.
improvements in the basic gasoline and Factory built Fiat Punto and Doblò with cylinder in luggage space. Various French
diesel systems, when natural gas is 2003 cars with cylinders in luggage space (Citroën Berlingo, Peugeot Partner, Renault
adapted into these technologies, Kangoo, Citroën CX3).
continue to produce superior emission Factory built Mercedes Benz E 200 NGT with compressor engine, but still with
improvements and at a performance 2004 cylinders in luggage space.
level similar to gasoline engines and that 2nd generation factory built Opel Zafira and Combo with under floor cylinders.
is closing in on that of diesel internal
combustion engine technologies. 2006 2nd generation factory built VW Caddy and Touran with under floor cylinders.
2007 Factory built Fiat Panda with under floor cylinders.
The IGU Report (Study Group 5.3) for
the 2003-2006 triennium, “Global Factory built Mercedes Benz E 170 NGT with under floor cylinders.
Opportunities for Natural Gas as a
Opel Zafira, 1.6 litre turbo engine, 150 hp.
Transportation Fuel for Today and 2008
Tomorrow”, presented the various 3rd generation, Passat TSI, 1.4 litre, twin compressor plus turbocharger , > 450
generational changes in the basic km range, 150 bhp, 0 – 60 in 9.5 sec, ~120 g/km CO2
retrofit NGV systems:
® First generation with completely 2012 4th generation – adding of stop-start technology, add regenerative braking, lower
CO2/km toJanuary 2010 23
The offer of light duty NGVs in Europe natural gas vehicles directly supplied Engines are available from Daimler,
(EEA - European Economic Area) can from an OEM and vehicles using Iveco, MAN, Scania, Tedom (a relatively
be split into four categories : converted engines. small Czech manufacturer), and AB
Volvo, leaving DAF as the only
1. OEM sales of light duty cars and In Europe, the vast majority of new NGV European HD engine manufacturer
vans with a European Whole Vehicle registrations now consist of OEM currently without a gas engine offer.
Type approval. Such vehicles are products, or QVM conversions made Bus chassis including engines, often
accompanied by a CoC (Certificate of with the approval of the concerned also bodies, are sometimes offered
Conformity) and registration of such OEM. Looking at LPG powered directly from the OEM or sometimes
vehicles must be approved by the vehicles, the situation is quite different. from independent bus manufacturers.
national road authorities in all EU Here the market is mainly based on
countries and also other countries retrofitting of light duty gasoline Daimler buses sometimes are marketed
accepting EC type approvals. powered vehicles. as Evobus or sometimes as Mercedes
Citaro. MAN products are under both
2. QVM (Qualified Vehicle Modifier) Outside Europe, retrofitting solutions the MAN name and as Neoplan. Buses
conversions of brand new vehicles with make up the bulk of the NGV volumes with Iveco engines are marketed in the
the explicit support of the OEM vehicle but with a gradually increasing share of Iveco brand and in Irisbus or Karosa buses.
manufacturer. Such conversions would OEM offers.
normally be made in line with the ECE Scania has not been very active
R115 regulation and the customer will OEM products also are being concerning natural gas powered buses
have all normal warranties (some developed outside Europe to meet the within Europe (a few buses in Iceland
directly from the manufacturer, and growing Asian demand for vehicles. and also in the Swedish town of
some from the QVM). German offers of Though still dominated by a wide range Eskilstuna) but has sold many buses in
Ford cars and vans, also Volkswagen of different quality retrofit systems, Australia (a right hand drive market).
vans, follow this model. various OEMs have light, medium and
heavy duty NGVs, though they currently RVI (Renault Vehicules Industrielle) now
3. Same as (2) above, but without the tend to be Euro 3, with some at the is part of the AB Volvo group (also
explicit support of the concerned OEM. Euro 4 quality vehicles, since the Asian including American Mack and Japanese
In these cases it is important for the emissions standards tend to be one or Nissan Diesel). Within Europe, engines
customer to determine to what extent two steps behind emissions levels being up to the eight litre size are
the OEM warranties and product liability produced in Europe, Japanese and manufactured in France, and larger in
are still valid. Korean NGVs. Sweden. The French bus manufacturer
4. Aftermarket retrofitting of conversion Heuliez usually uses RVI engines.
solutions, sometimes in line with ECE TATA in India is providing the light duty Renault trucks also have an agreement
R115, sometimes in line with other Xenon, Magic Van, Winger, and Ace. with Russian GAZ group subsidiary
older national regulations (depending Ashok Leyland produces the Viking RusPromAuto to supply common rail
upon country). The OEMs will usually CNG BS-III. (Tata also produces three direct injection (cDi) engines.
not accept any warranty or product separate CNG bus models and one ton,
liability claims for failures, which can five, and eight ton vehicles designed for Ekobus, a small Czech bus
directly or indirectly be attributed to the passenger and commercial applica- manufacturer, uses Cummins Westport
conversion. tions). gas engines imported from America.
When listing European NGV offers it is In the U.S market there are OEM light Russia (re)started development and
important to make a distinction duty sedans (American Honda Civic GX) production in OEM Heavy Duty
between: (A) light duty natural gas as well as Small Vehicle Manufacturers segment: trucks and buses. Kamaz
vehicles with a European Whole Vehicle (SVM) sedans (Ford 4.6L Crown manufactures dedicated natural gas
Type approval; (B) medium/heavy duty Victoria, Lincoln Town Car and Mercury chassis which is used for different types
natural gas vehicles with a European or Grand Marquis (BAF), Chevy Impala 3.5 of general and special purpose vehicles.
national type approval arranged via the and 3.9L V-6 dedicated (Natural Drive) Powered with an 11.76 litre 260 HP gas
OEM; (C) QVM conversions of new Ford Focus, 2.0L bi-fuel and dedicated engine, KAMAZ vehicle can drive up to
natural gas vehicles made with the Ford Focus (Altech-Eco) and SVM light 500 kilometres with one filling. The
approval of the OEM; (D) QVM trucks and vans (commercial work engine takes 29.1 normal m3 per 100
conversions of new natural gas vehicles trucks and vans): Chevy kilometres. According to customer
made without the approval of the G1500/2500/3500 Series vans with request, the on-board gas storage may
concerned OEM; and (E) other 6.0L engine (Baytech, IMPCO), Chevy have different volume.
conversions of new or used vehicles. G4500 cab+chassis with 6.0L, Chevy
C/K1500/2500/3500 series pick-ups Kamaz company has a separate bus
For MD/HD vehicles, OEMs may, on a with 6.0L engine (Baytech, IMPCO), division named Nefaz which also mar-
voluntary basis, issue whole vehicle Ford F150/250/350 (BAF, FuelTek), Ford kets OEM NGVs. The Nefaz 30-31 bus
type approvals but the normal E350 series vans with 5.4L (BAF)). carries the same dedicated natural gas
procedure is to have the engines engine as the Kamaz truck. Natural gas
certified according to the EC regulations In the heavy duty segment (vehicles is stored in high pressure cylinders for
and then have a national type approval above 12 tonnes) current OEM offers in 197 normal m3. It is sufficient enough
of the complete vehicle. There is Europe include buses with a typical
obviously a clear distinction between engine size of around eight litres. Continue to page 2224 January 2010
Continued from page 21 models, and is offered for use in various gasoline-powered trucks and shuttle
applications including port drayage bus chasses, including: the Chevy
trucks, heavy-haul trucks, refuse W3500/W4500 and Isuzu NPR and
transfer, dump trucks, roll-offs, line-haul, NPR HD COE with a 6.0L engine; the
and other vocational applications. Chevy C6500/7500/8500 Topkick work
trucks with a 8.1L engine; the Chevy
Cummins-Westport, a partnership G3500 Series cutaways with a 6.0L
between Cummins Engine Company engine; the Chevy G4500 series
and Westport Innovations, produces the cutaway with a 6.0L; the Ford E450
ISL G. The ISL G engine is available in series cutaways with a 6.8L engine; and
ratings from 250 to 320 horsepower, the Chevy C4500/5500 cutaways with a
and already meets the strict U.S. EPA 8.1L engine.
2010 emission standards (0.2 g/bhp-hr
NOx and 0.01 g/bhp-hr PM). The In addition to the above-mentioned
engine combines Cummins exhaust gas products (globally) there also is a
recirculation technology with a considerable interest in dual fuel
three-way catalyst to offer improved conversions offered by Clean Air Power
efficiency and lower costs. The ISL G is [CAP], the Hardstaff Group, and others.
Kamaz 65116-40 CNG (OEM, range specified for the following heavy-duty (See Chapter on real life experiences).
approx. 400 km), taken at Gassuf 2008
vehicles: trash collection trucks (Crane From a technical point-of-view, medium
expo in Russia
Carrier LET, Autocar Xpeditor, ALF and light duty vehicles could be fitted
Condor, Peterbilt LCF 320 and Mack with dual fuel conversion systems.
to drive 560 kilometres with one filling. TerraPro); Buses, shuttles and trolleys
Gas consumption equals 35 normal m3 (NABI, New Flyer, Orion, Thomas, Vehicles in the weight class 3.5 - 12
per 100 kilometres. ElDorado, Blue Bird, variety of tonnes are defined as medium duty
shuttle/trolley upfitters using FCC MB55 vehicles. Many of these vehicles are in
There are two more gas bus original chassis); street sweepers (Elgin, the 3.5 - 6 tonne range with the same
manufacturers today in Russia: Liaz and Tymco, Schwarze, Allianz-Johnston); vehicle available in three different
Paz companies. Both companies use and work /vocational trucks (Sterling L configurations - vans, trucks, or small
dedicated natural gas engines from series transition to Freightliner M2 buses. Iveco Daily and Mercedes
Cummins. These buses are extensively tractor, then straight truck; Freightliner Sprinter are two typical examples of
used in Moscow and Togliatti. Custom Chassis MT45/55; Ottawa; OEM offers, both available with natural
Capacity yard hostlers). gas engines.
Daimler is offering Econic natural gas
trucks using the same engines as the A third company, Emissions Solutions, There also are other vehicles with this
Evobus/Citaro buses, and the Iveco produces a “drop-in” replacement type of configuration that usually belong
Stralis trucks use the same engines as engine for the very popular Navistar in the light duty class (up to 3.5 tonnes),
Iveco/Irisbus/Karosa buses. Volvo also (International) diesel DT466 and but sometimes in the medium duty
may offer trucks using the same MaxxForceDT engines. The DT466 class (above 3.5 tonnes). Fiat Ducato is
engines as in Volvo bus models. replacement engine (the Phoenix NG one example. Other vehicles in this
7.6L) produces 175-265 hp and class are Volkswagen Transporter and
In the United States, the heavy-duty 460-820 lb-ft of torque. The Ford Transit, both offered as QVM
and medium-heavy segments have MaxxForceDT replacement (the Phoenix conversions approved by the vehicle
received the most marketing focus from NG 9.3L) produces 350 hp and 1200 manufacturer. In France, this class can
the NGV industry. In 2008, Westport ft-lb torque. Both are dedicated be found in the Boxer and Jumper
Innovations introduced their spark-ignited engines. The Emissions models, both from Citroën and Peugeot
high-pressure, direct injection LNG Solutions engines are repower options respectively, and in the Renault Master.
ISX-G engine. Based on the Cummins for food/beverage delivery trucks; refuse
ISX diesel engine with cooled engine trucks, school buses, and utility/public
gas recirculation, the LNG version of the works trucks.
engine offers the same horsepower,
torque, and efficiency as the base diesel In the medium-duty market, Cummins
engine it is replacing. The Westport Westport offers its 5.9L B Gas Plus
LNG system is certified to 0.8 g/bhp-hr engine. This engine is factory available
NOx and 0.01 g/bhp-hr PM. The from Freightliner Custom Chassis in
Westport GX 15L engine is available their MT 45 and MT 55 walk-in van
with 400 and 450 horsepower ratings chasses and MB55 bus chassis. These
and up to 1 750 lb-ft torque for chasses are used in a wide range truck
heavy-duty port, freight and vocational and shuttle bus applications.
applications.
LNG fuel tanks can be configured to In addition, aftermarket conversion
suit customer range requirements. The system manufacturers (e.g., Baytech
Westport GX is currently available in Corporation BAF Technologies IMPCO
factory assembled Kenworth T800 LNG [FSS], Natural Drive) offer aftermarket
and Peterbilt 386, 387, and 367 conversion for a range of medium Iveco Eurocargo CNG (OEM)You can also read
