Light-duty EVs & Rural Perspectives - Preparing Rural Communities for Electric Vehicles: Drive Electric Tennessee
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Preparing Rural Communities for Electric Vehicles:
Light-duty EVs & Rural Perspectives April 21, 2021
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
Agenda
Welcome & Opening Remarks - Jonathan Overly, 5 mins
Welcome, housekeeping, announcements
“EV Testbed” Project Overview / Upper Cumberland (UC) Region - Dr. Pingen Chen, 5 mins
EV 101 - Max Lamantia, 10 mins - What are the primary things you need to know about EVs?
Three Upper Cumberland EV Drivers/Testers - 15 mins
EV User 1 – Sam & Diane Glasgow
EV User 2 – Andrea Kruszka
EV User 3 – Theodore (Ted) McWilliams
OEM Presentations on Their EVs & Electrification Plans - 21 mins
OEM 1 – Nissan USA: Aditya Jairaj, Dir. of EV Marketing, Sales & Revenue
OEM 2 – Volkswagen USA: Reagan Shawn, Senior Product Strategy Specialist
OEM 3 – General Motors: Kevin Couturier, Business Development Manager (based in TN)
“EV Testbed” Project: What is the early data saying? - Dr. Pingen Chen, 5 mins
Vehicle two-week test drive opportunity – almost 50 so far! What are the drivers saying, and what does the data
say?
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
2
Slide from EDTA.
Announcements from OEMs
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
3
Announcements in 2021…
February 2 – “Electric Vehicle Fast
Charging Network Coming to March 2 – “AEP, Dominion, Duke, Entergy,
Tennessee” Southern Company and TVA Add Electric Vehicle
($20M committed to DCFC for Fast Chargers to Connect Gulf Coast, Midwest
corridor completion in TN) and Atlantic State Destinations”
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
4
“This is a new learning process for everyone
involved. How can we partner to learn and educate
our communities together?”
Leading now three EV- 76 company reps and 14-state project led by
related projects in TN: individuals participating ETCleanFuels to propagate
EV Testbed, MD eTruck to reduce barriers to EV effective state-wide EV
Pilot, CAV-EV Project adoption in TN programs in all states
www.TNTech.edu www.DriveElectricTN.org www.DriveElectricUSA.org
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
5
Project: “Developing an EV Demo Testbed in the UC Region of TN”
Rural work is important – 97% of US land area, 60M people
“UC” is economically distressed - mix of agriculture, manufacturing, tourism
TNTech has program called “Rural Reimagined” that focuses on rural transformation
Multiple objectives surrounding developing rural “testbed” for educating UC citizens
about EVs, setting up test drives for 5 EVs, and analyzing all collected data
3 Nissan Leafs (BEV)
1 plug-in hybrid F-250 (PHEV)
1 E-450 shuttle (BEV, UC Human Resource Agency
will operate)
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
6
Project Partners – Diverse & Capable
Core Team:
LPC Partners:
“LPC” = Local Power Company
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
7
LEGEND: Project L2 install
Project DCFC install
Project Progress – Installing EVSE Other public L2
Other public DCFC – Combo + CHAdeMO
Other public DCFC – Tesla Superchargers
Sites and hosts for 8 level-2 and 1 DC fast charging
stations identified (Completed)
Acquisition of all charging stations (Completed)
Installation of charging stations
(8 level-2 and 1 DCFC
completed)
(a) Dual-port Level-2 (7.2 kW) (b) DCFC (62.5 kW)
(Each charging station has two charging ports)
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
8
Project Progress - Events
Photos from EV Ride-n-Drive event in Crossville TN on 10/03/20
(two additional events held in
Cookeville in 2020 and 2021)
NEXT Upper Cumberland
EV Ride-n-Drive!
- April 17
- Cookeville Sam’s Club
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
9
Project Progress - Data
Sample of
Data
Analysis –
Q: “Can EVs
meet
the needs in
rural UC
region?”
A: YES.
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
10Project Test Drives – 2 weeks and free!
FREE opportunity to test drive one of three Nissan Leafs or F-250 for two weeks
• Nissan Leaf Models include SV (150 mi. range), SV Plus, SL Plus (220 mi. range)
• F-250 is plug-in hybrid (XL system)
Paperwork involved; collect driver information, must pass
background check (similar to car rental process)
CONTACT - Dr. Pingen Chen, Tennessee Tech. University
pchen@tntech.edu, 931-372-3310
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
11EV 101
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
12EV 101: How they work
Mechanically simple –
barely any maintenance
Usually single-gear
transmission
Low center of gravity –
safer
Can charge while you
sleep
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
13EV 101: Performance
Instant torque delivery
Smooth acceleration
Plenty of AWD options
Regenerative braking
One-pedal driving
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
14EV 101: Charging
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
15EV 101: Range
Several models out on the
market today with over 300-mile
range
Models releasing within a year
with 500+ mile range
Outside of the occasional long-
distance trip for vacation: how
far do you really drive each day?
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
16EV 101: Purchase Price & Price/Range
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
17EV 101: Models
PlugStar has a very useful
shopping assistant
Input your driving route,
seating, and charging
needs
Gives each EV a match
rating and lists range
https://plugstar.com/guide
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
18EV 101: Models
Lists main features and lets
you build your own
Tells you how fast you can
expect it to charge
Lists all incentives available
Gives reviews and photos
from others who bought
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
19EV 101: Models
Analyzes the cost savings for you comparing whatever gas equivalent car you want
Considers depreciation, fuel, maintenance, insurance
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
20EV 101: Greenhouse Gas Impact
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
21User Experience #1 – Diane and Sam Glasgow, Cookeville
First-time driver through TNTech program - Nissan Leaf
Positive experience. Loved the heated steering wheel,
quiet motor, easy handling and start-up.
We used the dryer outlet to plug in and charge.
The Nissan dealership has an EV repairman now!
We do not believe that the grid is a barrier to EV adoption, but
we need adequate government support for charging stations.
Challenges for Rural: Range and driving distances
Good incentives for us to buy would be government tax EV
rebate for owners and increased range
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
22User Experience #2 – Andrea Kruszka, Cookeville
First-time driver through TNTech program - Nissan Leaf
The experience is like regular vehicle; I plugged
into regular outlet
Rural perceptions of EV needs: Awareness & DCFC (“fast”)
Rural barriers: EV vehicle cost and low range
Good prompts to buy include better range, knowledge,
charging opportunities and cost savings
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
23User Experience #3 – Ted McWilliams, Cookeville
First-time driver through TNTech program - Nissan Leaf
No difference from regular car. Paid attention to the power level
and quiet ride. Great acceleration!
Rural folks like it quiet. EVs are quiet - nice.
Rural folks don’t always like change although if you can show
regular car with EV then this technology will have better
chance of adoption.
Challenges for Rural: charging, range, ease and longer ”refueling”
Good prompts to buy include better range, shorter charging time,
purchase incentives, and easy fuel comparison tools
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
24Electric Vehicles in the US
A fast evolving landscape
Aditya Jairaj & Paul Hawson
Director – Electric Vehicles Marketing & Sales Strategy
Director – Product Planning
April 21, 2021The Growing EV Landscape
Shift from compliance to match mass market customer expectations
1• Today: EVs account for < 2% of TIV (260k)
• Non-lux EV strategy focused on emissions compliance
2• FY23: EV TIV grows 400% (~1M)
• Non-lux EV shifts to match mass market customer’ expectations (size, features, range, etc.)
10 Non-Lux EVs 29 Non-Lux EVs 9.1% 2,000,000
8.6%
8.5%
1 2 8.1%
1,800,000
7.3%
1,518,803 1,600,000
6.4%
1,424,623
6.5%
1,315,920 1,400,000
5.3%
1,176,008
1M 1,200,000
4.5% 3.9%
1,000,000
845,967
1.8% 800,000
2.5% 608,192
1.6%
1.3% 600,000
260K
0.5% 400,000
228,268 258,672
200,000
-1.5% -
FY2018 FY2019 FY2020 FY2021 FY2022 FY2023 FY2024 FY2025 FY2026 FY2027
EV TIV EV % of TIV
2 Nissan Confidential CMoney is flowing into EVs
Significant investments in the EV space
USA EV Centric Stocks (New Players)
Company Ticker Market Cap (rounded)
Tesla TSLA $839B
Plug Power PLUG $31B
Magna MGA $21B
QuantumScape QS $18B
Nikola NKLA $11B
FuelCell FCEL $8B
Lordstown RIDE $5B
Fisker FSR $5B
Workhorse WKHS $4B
Canoo GOEV $4B
Hyliion HYLN $3B
Blink BLNK $3B
27 Market Cap – Jan 21 Nissan Confidential CNissan LEAF
Over 500,000 units on the road with over 5 billion miles driven
Nissan LEAF, the Best-Selling Industry Firsts
Electric Vehicle of all-time
FIRST Battery EV sold nationwide
Over 500,000 units sold FIRST affordable EV with over 100-mile EPA driving range
worldwide since launch in
2010 MOST units in operation (UIO) of any Battery EV
worldwide
> 150,000
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
2019
28 Nissan Confidential CWhy do customer buy EVs today? 29 Nissan Confidential C 29
Why is customer demand going to increase?
Higher environmental awareness, added products and better awareness
Environmental Awareness Increased Awareness Tech Adoption
Younger generations are more conscious about 100 all new EV models towards 2026. Despite only a Electric vehicles undergoing accelerating tech progress
environment & willing to pay for eco-friendly products few top-sellers, EV awareness will continue to increase customer benefit
What Should be America's Energy Policy Priority?
100 BENEFITS
71 69 120 all-new models
60
41 over 10k PHASE
Developing
47
alternative sources of 40 100 by 2026
energy
30
25 24
Expanding exploration
Tech Advancement
80
# EV Models
and production of oil,
coal & nat. gas
Millennial Gen X Boomer Silent 60 Tesla Model 3
20
Willing to pay more for eco-friendly products 40 models
today
20 HEADACHES
58% 61% 55% 46%
PHASE
0
Gen Z Gen Y Gen X Boomers t
Source: PEW Research, 2017 UUNS Source: IHS Global Insight
30 Nissan Confidential C 30US EV public charging environment
Network QC Outlets QC Stations
Tesla 9,680 976
Electrify America 4,820 560
EVgo 2,628 818
Chargepoint 2,499 750
~3,100 stations
31 Nissan Confidential C# of gas stations in the US?
Today: ~200,000
Next big business
opportunity?
32 Nissan Confidential CThe all new Nissan ARIYA – coming soon
• Cross-over EV
• All-wheel Drive EV (e=4ORCE)
• Flat floor EV layout
• 300 miles of driving range
• 0 to 60 in less than 5 seconds
• Next generation of Autonomous Driving
33 Source: Automotive News (Oct 2019, January 2020)
Nissan Confidential C 33Electric Vehicle Strategy and Actions Volkswagen North America Volkswagen e-Mobility
The challenge • Change the culture of one of the largest automakers and its dealer partners • Design a scalable product that has high customer value • Prepare for manufacturing and production ramp- up • Sell Electric Vehicles Nationwide
36 Creation date: mm.dd.yy | Responsible department for filing: xxxx-xx | CSD-Class: xx.x – xx years
Ich Fahre Elektrish
Volkswagen has a history of electrification
1985 Golf CityStromer 1993 Golf CityStromer
HP: 31 HP: 27
Battery: Lead-gel Battery: Lead-gel
Range: 37 miles Range: 43 miles
1976 Electro-Golf
HP: 20
Battery: Lead-acid
Range: 30 miles
1970’s MEB
1981 Golf CityStromer 1987 Jetta CityStromer 2010 Golf VI Blue e-Motion
HP: 30 HP: 25 HP: 115
Battery: Lead-acid Battery: Sodium-Sulphur Battery: Lithium-ion
Range: 37 miles Range: 75 miles Range: 87 milesThe MEB platform is optimized to deliver competitive performance
and value across multiple vehicle segments
• Larger wheelbase • More space in driver‘s • Rear drive + 4WD
Short overhangs area and in the back
• Trunk volume ~ ICE
• No center tunnel • Higher seating position
• Central computer unit
• Enhanced capability for • Larger
EV services and wheel diameter
autonomous drivingVOLKSWAGEN’S U.S. ELECTRIC VEHICLE MANUFACTURING BASE
2022
- $800 million investment Expand to become
- Create up to 1,000 VW jobs at the plant, Home of
plus additional jobs at suppliers Volkswagen
Electric
- Begin EV production in 2022
2021
Home of Passat
and Atlas
Producing electric cars in Chattanooga is a key part of our growth strategy in North America
Author / DepartmentVolkswagen plans to address customer EV rejection points to drive adoption
nationwide
Price / Value Range Charging
$379 / month lease nationwide,
with additional incentives in
select areasThank you
GM and the Future of EVs
WE’RE LEADING A TRANSPORTATION REVOLUTION
POWERED BY A PURPOSE
• We remain committed to our vision
of delivering a world with:
– zero crashes,
– zero emissions
– zero congestion
• The three parts of our vision are
deeply intertwined — and we’re
working on each piece of our vision
in tandem
• We’re transitioning to all-electric
vehicles, which are central to a zero-
emissions future
• Autonomous vehicles will help lead
to fewer crashes and less congestion
– This can lead to less time on the road
and, therefore, lower emissions as the
world transitions from internal
combustion engine (ICE) vehicles to EVsWE’RE RAPIDLY EXPANDING OUR EV PORTFOLIO
ON OUR WAY TO AN ALL-
ELECTRIC FUTURE
• With emissions from the use of GM
vehicles as the primary contributor
to our carbon footprint, the most
significant way we can make
progress toward our zero-emissions
vision is by transitioning to an
electric vehicle portfolio
• $20 billion in capital and engineering
resources will be allocated to EV and
AV programs between 2020 and
2025
– $2.2.B investment converting Detroit-
Hamtramck into Factory ZERO
• We’re committed to 20 new EVs by
2023 — and we have plans for
additional models taking us beyond
thatGM is COMMITTED TO AN ALL-EV FUTURE 31% of all drivers consider buying an electric car as their next vehicle 63% have at least some interest* 5% will definitely buy an EV as their next vehicle 1*Source: Consumer Reports 2019 EV Survey
• GM’s new modular-architecture Ultium
batteries can be stacked vertically or
horizontally inside the battery pack for
optimal battery energy storage and layout for
each vehicle design.
• Energy Storage options:
• 50 to 200 kWh
• GM-estimated range up to 400+ miles
• 0 to 60 mph acceleration as low as 3 sec
• Motors designed in-house will support:
• Front-wheel drive
• Rear-wheel drive
• All-wheel drive
• Performance all-wheel drive
• DC Fast Charging
• Up to 200 kW fast-charging capability
• Current Bolt EV is 55 kW maximum
• Truck platform: 800-volt battery packs
and 350 kW fast-charging capability.• GM just announced
new factory in Spring
Hill, TN
• 1300 new jobs
• 2nd Battery Factory in US
• $2.3 Billion investment
• In addition to $2B renovation to
build Lyriq
.WE HAVE ALL-NEW EVs ON THE WAY
Show car shown. Not available for sale.
2020 Chevrolet Bolt EV shown. Preproduction 2022 GMC HUMMER EV shown. Actual
production model may vary.
CHEVROLET GMC CADILLAC
• Chevrolet will build on the success of • GMC is bringing back the iconic • Cadillac plans an upcoming portfolio of
the Bolt EV HUMMER brand through two models battery-electric luxury vehicles, starting
– The 2022 Chevrolet Bolt EUV is expected – The 2022 GMC HUMMER EV truck with the 2022 LYRIQ
summer 2021 (expected Fall 2021), which boasts – Will be the brand’s first all-electric
• Distinct SUV design that offers Super Cruise1 performance of 1,000 horsepower3, 11,500 crossover
driver assistance feature for compatible highways lb.-ft. of torque3 and 0-to-60 mph
— the first vehicle outside of Cadillac to do so acceleration in 3.0 seconds3 – Built on GM’s next-generation battery-
electric architecture, with Ultium at its core
– Chevrolet BET Truck will be the brand's first – GMC HUMMER EV SUV builds off the GMC
electric full-size pickup, offering up to 400 HUMMER EV truck but will be configured as
miles of range on a single charge2,3 an off-road-capable SUV
– A midsize SUV for customers looking for an
electric option in this segment
1 Even while using the Super Cruise driver assistance feature, always pay attention while driving and do not use a handheld device. Visit cadillacsupercruise.com for compatible highways and more information. Requires properly
equipped vehicle, active Super Cruise subscription, working electrical system, cell reception and GPS signal. 2 Your actual range will vary based on several factors, including temperature, terrain and driving technique. 3 Preliminary
GM estimate.WE’RE DESIGNING FOR THE ENVIRONMENT
WAYS WE’RE DRIVING
EFFICIENCY
• Using sustainable materials, such as
those with recycled, bio-based or
renewable content, as inputs into our
products
• Reducing, reusing and recycling the
resources used to manufacture our
vehicles
• Ensuring those resources can be
further repurposed at the end of a
process or a vehicle’s usable life
• Adopting construction and
manufacturing processes that
minimize the use of energy and
water
NOTE: GM is working to increase the sustainable materials used to make our vehicles. Here’s some of the progress we’ve already made. While these
materials are not all available on all vehicles, each improvement provides valuable insights and brings us closer toward our goal.WE CONTINUE TO ADDRESS BARRIERS TO EV ADOPTION
• How do I charge?
• Where do I charge?
• How long do I charge?
• What do they cost?MYCHEVROLET APP – ENERGY ASSIST FEATURE
Local View of the Cookeville, TN Area GM CONFIDENTIAL
WE CONTINUE TO ADDRESS BARRIERS TO EV ADOPTION
WHAT DO YOU WANT
• Level 2 Charger available with GM
• Charging Stations installation-Qmerit
• Knowledgeable Salespeople—EV
Specialist at EV dealers
• Adding 2700 Fast Chargers--EVGoHOW ELECTRIC VEHICLES IMPACT TOTAL COST OF
OWNERSHIP
Potential Cost Savings
• Could save you over $1000 a
year in fuel costs compared
to the average new vehicle1
• Requires less maintenance
than is typical of a gas
vehicle
– 20 moving parts vs 20,000
in ICE
– Less brake/tire wear
• EVs have higher residual
values than ICE counterparts*
. 1 US Department of Energy, go to https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/Find.do?action=sbs&id=40520. Based on 45% highway, 55% city driving, 15,000 annual miles and current fuel prices
* Based on ALG & Manheim estimations.Survey and Interview Tools Pre-demonstration Survey: capture current EV perception and EV experience of participants before test drives Post-demonstration Survey: capture updated EV perception and EV experience of participants after 2-week test drives Post-demonstration Survey: collect feedbacks of participants on EV test drives for test drives
Impact of EV Experience on EV Adoption
Change in Likelihood of Considering EV as Next Vehicle
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Much More Likely Slightly More Likely Neutral Likelihood Slightly Less Likely Much Less LikelyDriving Behavior: Rural vs Urban
(Data source: NHTS, 2017)
(Baataret al., 2019)
More rural drivers driving more daily miles, compared to urban driversDriving Behavior in Rural UC Region
12
10
8
6
149 miles
4
2
0
Daily Trip Range (Miles)Post-Demonstration Interview Data - Samples
“Exciting new technology, positive environmental impact, instantaneous
torque makes them very fun to drive!”
“EVs are very practical for city driving, running errands, and weekend
excursions.”
“They are more exciting to drive than you may think!”
“I am impressed to say the least, Everyone thinks it is really a neat car. The
power is unreal for an electric car. I see now why everyone needs a test
drive. My perception or expectations of the EV were definitely wrong.”OEMs Contact Information
Aditya Jairaj, Nissan USA
Director - EV Sales & Marketing Strategy
Aditya.Jairaj@Nissan-USA.com, 615-725-5888
Reagan Shawn, Volkswagen USA
Senior Product Strategy Specialist
Reagan.Shawn@vw.com, 571-471-9581
Kevin Couturier, General Motors
Business Development Manager, GM Fleet
Kevin.Couturier@gm.com, 615-917-9988
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
62Learn more about the project - https://www.tntech.edu/engineering/research/ev-demo-testbed.php
Questions?
Dr. Pingen Chen, Tennessee Tech. University
TNTech Project Lead & Assistant Professor, Mechanical Eng.
pchen@tntech.edu, 931-372-3310
Jonathan G. Overly, TNTech Project Subcontractor
Director ETCleanFuels & Administrator Drive Electric TN
jonathan@etcleanfuels.org, 865-974-3625
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
63Chapters Locations – Planning Across Tennessee
Plan is to develop ~10 chapters over the coming few years. Long-term vision is that
most urban areas and some rural areas will have chapters by 2023
“Appalachian Highlands” and Upper Cumberland are #1 and #2
4 big urban areas are part of ensuing efforts
DET “Chapter Development Guide”
is in the works and will
provide additional
guidance to
members
Developing an EV Demonstration Testbed
In the Upper Cumberland Region of Tennessee
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