Kitchen Garden Guidelines - FINAL 30th June 2017 - Agritaf
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Kitchen Garden Guidelines FINAL 30th June 2017
Author: Paul Sommers
Co-editors: Lucy Schalkwijk
Project synopsis
Agri-TAF is a £4 million Technical Assistance Facility operating over 4 years (2016-2020) that provides
additional resources, analysis and expertise to ensure increases in agricultural productivity are sustainable
and inclusive. The Facility is part of a £38.25 million DFID support package for the five year (2014-2019
Programme of Support for Agriculture (PoSA) which supports the implementation of the Government of
Rwanda (GoR) agriculture strategy, through a World Bank Programme for Results (PforR).
Agri-TAF is based in MINAGRI. The Design & Inception Phase work commenced on 11th January 2016 and
implementation started on 25th July 2016.
The expected outcome is the “Efficient and effective delivery of agricultural services enabled by MINAGRI and
its agencies”. The following results are expected at output level:
1. MINAGRI agricultural Management Information System is strengthened, operational and utilised
2. The capacity of MINAGRI and its agencies mainstream cutting (gender, environment, climate
change and nutrition) strengthened
3. Improved knowledge and analysis on key cross-cutting issues by MINAGRI (gender, environment,
climate change and nutrition).
Disclaimer
The British Government’s Department for International Development (DFID)
financed this work as part of the United Kingdom’s aid programme. However, the
views and recommendations contained in this report are those of the consultant,
and DFID is not responsible for, or bound by the recommendations made.
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY
Table of Contents
1 – WHY DO WE PROMOTE KITCHEN GARDENS? .......................................................... 4
1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 4
1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT ............................................................................................. 4
1.2 THE ROLE OF MINAGRI AND ITS STAKEHOLDERS ..................................................... 4
1.3 WHAT IS A KITCHEN GARDEN? .................................................................................. 5
1.4 WHY HAVE A KITCHEN GARDEN? ............................................................................... 6
2 – KITCHEN GARDEN APPROACH: CRITERIA FOR SUCCESSFUL PROMOTION........ 8
2 GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF FLEXIBILITY AND CHOICE ............................................. 8
2.1 KEY MESSAGES FOR BETTER ADOPTION OF KITCHEN GARDENS ................................. 8
2.2 EVOLUTION OF KITCHEN GARDENS (FROM MORE PRESCRIPTIVE TO MORE CHOICE) ...... 9
3 – THE CHOICE OF CROPS: KEY FOR NUTRITIONAL OUTCOMES ............................ 10
3 THE SELECTION OF CROPS FOR THE KITCHEN GARDEN ................................... 10
3.1 EXAMPLES OF MICRONUTRIENT DENSE PLANTS FOR HOME GARDENS ........................ 11
4 – COORDINATION, REPORTING AND M&E.................................................................. 13
4.2.1 REPORTING .......................................................................................................... 14
4.2.2 INTERVENTION LOGIC FRAMEWORK ........................................................................ 14
ANNEX 1. KEY MESSAGES FOR IMPLEMENTERS ................................................... 16
ANNEX 2. “DO NO HARM” CHECKLIST..................................................................... 16
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY
1 – Why do we promote Kitchen Gardens?
1 Introduction
Gardens are the launching point for directly addressing agriculture’s role in improving nutritional
outcomes at household level through two critical pathways: “Own production – own consumption” and
“Women’s Empowerment.” Gardens around the home are traditionally managed by women and serve
as the most direct and daily source for complementary foods to staple crops grown in their field plots.
1.1 Problem Statement
Some key figures help illustrate the urgency of the malnutrition problem in Rwanda:
80% of children in live in Ubudehe Category #1 households
44% of children stunted. Highest rates in Northern and Western Province
38% of children with Iron deficiency (Anaemia). Highest in Eastern Province
Animal products are rarely consumed in rural areas (from once per month to once per year)
Fruits and vegetables rarely consumed
About 65% is spent on food from which only 2% goes into fruits and vegetables resulting in
poor dietary diversity and micronutrient deficiencies.
Source: Nutrition Action Plan
The main food security challenge for smallholder farming families is how best to combine their
limited resources of farmland, homelot and family labour in such a way as to avoid hunger.
Factors that affect household food insecurity are specific, contextual, and unpredictable.
The main food security pathways open to most Rwandan households who produce food are through
indirect and or direct action:
1. Increasing the economic value of farm produce to generate revenue through field plots.
(indirect)
2. Increasing dietary diversification through consumption of their cultivated and non-cultivated
foods through kitchen gardens (direct)
3. Purchase foods missing in the diet if local markets exist
4. A combination of all three
For households, home plots have a multi-function nature – for both food growing and income
generation. It is important to keep this in mind when developing solutions to address the above
problems. Stakeholders should also look at other factors; such as the non-cultivated food sources on
the home plot that are part of the integrated food system of households.
1.2 The Role of MINAGRI and its Stakeholders
The Ministry of Agriculture has a key role in contributing to the resolution of this malnutrition problem.
MINAGRI is responsible for the production of food crops and food security in the country. The majority
of Rwandan households and especially the most vulnerable ones (Ubudehe categories 1 and 2) are
farmers whose main livelihood depends on the output from their agricultural production.
In collaboration with social cluster ministries, MINAGRI is therefore tackling the undernutrition
challenge through its programme strategy.
Overview of MINAGRI’s strategy for addressing malnutrition
MINAGRI has a policy, strategy and a specific Nutrition Action Plan (NAP) that aims to
mainstream nutrition sensitivity into agriculture.
The Nutrition Sub Sector Working Group (NNSSWG) is established and coordinates
agriculture and nutrition activities amongst state and non-state actors in Rwanda
MINAGRI has national programs, especially the Crop Intensification Programme (CIP) and
the Kitchen Garden programme, designed to increase the overall food availability, affordability
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY
and utilization. It has other programmes such as Girinka and One Cup per child that are also
designed to avail certain food types and income generation possibilities to vulnerable
households.
MINAGRI has stepped up its efforts to address this problem by reassessing its agricultural
programmes to ensure they are nutrition-sensitive, especially the Kitchen Garden program
addressed through these guidelines
The Kitchen Garden Program
The aim is to address dietary diversity through the promotion of a direct food source next to
the kitchen. MINAGRI and multiple NGOs have designed and published posters showing the
“ideal” kitchen garden including its structure and the precise crops to be grown, especially
short term management intensive seasonal “vegetables.” Women are the targeted gender as
they are responsible for the family meals and the gardens are located next to the home. The
program impact is currently measured by the number of garden structures established. It has
been very successful in increasing the number of kitchen gardens throughout the country.
However, concern was raised by NSSWG members about the emphasis on promoting the
garden structure and the number of kitchen gardens established (according to that structure)
instead of the choice of crops promoted and their relationship to specific dietary gaps
documented in the local community. Another point raised by the Chairperson of the NNSSWG
was the lack of sustainable (year-round) adoption of kitchen gardens by Rwandan
Households.
In 2016, Agri-TAF undertook an analysis for MINAGRI on its nutrition-sensitive agriculture
capacity and knowledge gaps. In this analysis, some limitations to the effectiveness of the
implementation of the GoR Kitchen Gardens initiative were flagged, particularly concerning
the need for dietary diversity.
In sum, the current kitchen garden program strategy and measures of impact are not yet
sufficiently translating into improved dietary diversity and nutritional outcomes. One part of the
solution is developing these guidelines as an important first step to ensure resources and key
messages clearly address the issue of malnutrition. The emphasis shifts from a focus of
prescriptive gardens to one of incremental change within existing homelot food systems by
identifying and promoting specific groups of crops to solve specific dietary gaps.
1.3 What is a kitchen garden?
A kitchen garden is part of the home plot used to grow foods for the household’s direct consumption.
The shape and form it takes can be very different. What is important is its impact on the diet and
subsequent nutritional status of the household. The key features below clarify the concept of a kitchen
garden – what it is and what it is not.
A kitchen garden is… A kitchen garden is NOT…
located in the home compound (often a specific plot of land with precise
near the site where family meals are structures, designs, and dimensions
prepared) consisting of specific crops
an immediate source of fresh greens disempowering for women by having
and other vegetables, spices, herbs, and them concentrate a lot of their time and
fruits for harvesting during the cooking money on crops that have little nutritional
process benefits and provide little income on the
market
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY
A kitchen garden is… A kitchen garden is NOT…
designed to take advantage of the varied
soils and landscape conditions of the
home plot1
empowering for women farmers to use
their existing resources and cultural food
preferences to add to the diversity of
cultivated and non-cultivated food crops
available for their households. This will
result in direct consumption and dietary
diversity without taking away much of
their time from other important caring and
income-generating activities
Table 1: key features of a “kitchen” garden
1.4 Why have a kitchen garden?
As explained in the problem statement and the section on the role of MINAGRI above, MINAGRI is
promoting the kitchen garden approach with small holder farming households as one of the key
programmes along with others to address food insecurity and chronic malnutrition.
A kitchen garden can be a quick and sustainable solution to address micronutrient dietary gaps
for the majority of families. A kitchen garden that has the key features listed above, has the below
benefits for the farmer households.
1 e.g. climbing plants on fences, side and roof of dwellings; hydrophilic plants in wet areas; drought tolerant plants
in dry area, plants requiring high maintenance near the cooking area; low maintenance away from the cooking
area
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY
Figure 1: benefits of kitchen gardens for small holder farmer households
An example of a Nutrition-Agriculture link
Complementary feeding for infants is one of seven activities of the ** Essential Nutrition Action global
guidelines. The first step is to identify with decision-making members of the household the range of
locally grown foods that are traditionally used as first foods. The next step is identifying which of the
foods are grown around the home compound and which ones are not. The third step is to arrange
with the community for a local plant exchange so that households trade and fill in crop gaps in their
home compound. Cultivating a diverse range of crops for complementary feeding in the home
compound, coupled with conversations on the importance of feeding these foods to infants, is one
example of how a specific nutritional impact can be achieved through agriculture-nutrition linkage. The
example further highlights the necessity of applying key programming principles (below) when working
on the food production- to-consumption pathway.
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY
2 – Kitchen Garden Approach: Criteria for
Successful Promotion
2 Guiding principles of flexibility and choice
So far, the lack of (sustainable) adoption of kitchen gardens has been an issue for the GoR Kitchen
Garden Program. Although large numbers are recorded of newly established kitchen gardens, the
number of recommended plants surviving multiple seasons in those kitchen gardens are minimal and
the sustained impact on addressing dietary gaps unclear.
Successful examples of kitchen garden adoption in the country and abroad have shown that flexibility
and choice are the key to the successful adoption. As the Government of Rwanda has chosen the
kitchen garden approach to address specific dietary gaps (of micronutrient dense foods), flexibility is
important as it allows women (who are mostly the ones growing these crops) to decide what to grow,
how, where and when. Choice is important as these crops are meant to be consumed in the
household diet, as women know what their family members like and how they cook – choice of crop is
important for them to feel empowered to use their kitchen garden to meet their family’s dietary needs.
It is also important as the crop should suit the specific climatic conditions, soil and size of their plot.
Another benefit of choice is that women can choose crops that are less labour intensive, so they can
tend to their on-going essential duties of caring for their children and generating income.
Some key messages in this regard can be found in the below table.
2.1 Key Messages for better adoption of Kitchen Gardens
Messages for Home Food Growers Messages for Extension workers
Kitchen gardens can save income: cut The structure of the kitchen garden plot
down your costs of buying food. and the choice crops grown can be very
different from one kitchen garden to
another. This is perfectly fine, as long
as they are producing nutritious foods
that are eaten by the farmers’
households.
Gardens can improve the health of your Look at what households are already
family. You choose nutritious crops that planting and support them to improve
fit easily into your family’s cooking and their practices, rather than introduce
eating habits new techniques that are difficult, time-
consuming and produce food they do
not consume.
You choose how you use your land, Observe current land use patterns.
labour, tools, and which crops you pick Identify options where additional crops
(from a list) as long as you produce can be planted (wet areas, dry, fertile
nutritious foods and ensure they are soil, infertile soil, fences, side of
consumed by you and your family sheds/buildings)
members
You choose where to plant so that you Identify options for:
use the land efficiently.
crop intensification
(growing a mixture of more
crops per unit of land for
small plots of farming land)
crop diversification
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY
(growing additional varieties
of micro-nutrient rich crops)
You can grow healthy crops from what Improve yields and nutrient quality by
is available around/near your home. enhancing soil quality by adding organic
matter and water retention through
mulching, etc.
You can better preserve the crops you improve post-harvest quality through
grow tweaking existing home level
preservation and safety methods
Table 2: Messages for better adoption of kitchen gardens
2.2 Evolution of kitchen gardens (from more prescriptive to more choice)
Figure 2: Evolution of the kitchen garden approach
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY3 – The Choice of Crops: key for nutritional
outcomes
3 The Selection of Crops for the Kitchen Garden
The selection of crops should be based on the need to close specific dietary gaps. The aim in
selecting locally known plants (cultivated or wild) is to provide a sustainable year-round supply of
micronutrient dense foods. As we found out in the previous chapter choice is an important condition
for the adoption of kitchen gardens and ultimately for improved food security and nutritional outcomes.
In order to empower women in these choices, you will find some tools (in this chapter and related
annexes) that will inform them of the nutritional value of crops, the areas where they grow well and the
seasons during which they can grow.
Those involved in coordinating the implementation of gardens in Rwanda can use below checklist of
sustainable practices to guide implementation
CHECKLIST OF SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES
COMPILE A LIST OF LOCAL PLANTS (WILD AND
CULTIVATED) COMMONLY USED IN MEALS
PREPARE A SIMPLE CROP CALENDAR TO IDENTIFY THE
SEASONS WHEN THEY ARE AVAILABLE FOR USE IN
MEALS
WORK WITH HEALTH/NUTRITON STAFF TO IDENTIFY
MONTHS WHEN THERE ARE ACUTE DIEATRY GAPS
WORK WITH HEALTH/NUTRITION STAFF TO IDENTIFY THE
KEY NUTRIENT VALUE OF EACH CROP
IDENTIFY THE IDEAL LOCATION FOR EACH CROP (WET,
DRY, SHADE, ON A FENCE)
VISIT HOUSEHOLD AND WALK THE LAND WITH THE FOOD
GARDENER. IDENTIFY WHAT IS GROWING NOW AND
WHAT THEY GROW IN OTHER SEASONS
IDENTIFY GAPS IN TERMS OF NUTRIENTS AND
PRODUCTIVITY.
PRESENT LOW INPUT OPTIONS TO THE HOUSEHOLD FOR
CLOSING BOTH DIETARY AND AGRONOMIC GAPS
HAVE THE GARDENER IDENTIFY SPECIFIC CHANGES
THEY PLAN TO IMPLEMENT AND RECORD THEM
FOLLOW-UP ON PROGRESS TOWARDS CHANGES
The guiding principle in the area of crop diversity: farmers should grow whatever they can (mixture
of nutrient-dense seasonal/annual, bi-annual, and fruit tree crops), with whatever they have
(umuhoro and a panga (Bush knives), isuka (a hoe), incyamuro (a small hand hoe)), wherever they
can (front, back, sides of dwellings), whenever they can (wet season, dry season, year-round). Non-
cultivated” wild” food crops should also be identified and promoted.
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY3.1 Examples of micronutrient dense plants for home gardens
Crop Labour intensity Ready for use in Storage
Low/High (season)
Squash fruit/tips/seeds Low All Yes
Igihaza
Sweet potato (orange) Low All Yes
Passion Fruit Low All, with most in the No
rainy season
Chayote Low All No
Tree Tomato Low All No
Taro Leaf Low All On the plant
until needed
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYCrop Labour intensity Ready for use in Storage
Low/High (season)
Cassava Leaf Low All On the plant
until needed
Sweet potato (leaves Low All On the plant
until needed
Isogi(spider plant) Low All but limited in the yes
dry season
Bean Leaves Low Season B Yes dried
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYCrop Labour intensity Ready for use in Storage
Low/High (season)
Dodo (Amaranth) Low All but limited in the On the plant
dry season until needed
4 – Coordination, Reporting and M&E
4.1 Coordination
The NSSWG will serve as an advisory organ to coordinate harmonised kitchen garden
implementation providing technical and operations guidance to the members including
MINAGRI/RAB. The RAB Kitchen Garden programme is responsible for the implementation of the
government kitchen garden programme. These guidelines offer other stakeholders as well as those in
the government system clarity on the reasons for promoting kitchen garden guidelines and the
messages that should be passed on to extension workers and farmers.
Entry points for coordination of government garden activities include:
Coordination of kitchen garden related activities should be done through the District Malnutrition
Committee (DMC) and will need to include frontline extension workers (District and Sector
Agronomists, SEDOs, Farmer Fields School Facilitators and Farmer Promoters) as well as District
Health and Nutritionists and Community Health Workers working together, sharing information and
aligning key messages.
NGOs and other stakeholders engaging in kitchen garden related activities should ensure
alignment to these guidelines, and in particular:
Align to the listed key messages (section 2)
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY Ensure the use of sustainable practices (section 3),
Promote a diversity of nutrient-dense food crops that are not too labour-intensive and easy to
grow all year round (see suggested list of crops in section 3)
Ensure regular communication with the government personnel involved in kitchen gardens
(see above summary)
Participate in the DMC
In addition, below information can guide on the M&E of kitchen garden interventions. NGOs with a
Head Office in Kigali can ensure closer communication and involvement with MINAGRI by
participating in the Nutrition Sub Sector Working Group (NSSWG) as well as the Food and Nutrition
Technical Working Group under the National Food and Nutrition Coordination Secretariat (NFNCS)
under MINALOC. At district level, the JADF which includes NGOs, Private sector and Government
should also be part of the implementation of the KG guidelines.
4.2 Data Collection and Analysis
4.2.1 Reporting
The members of the NSSWG have their own agency garden monitoring/ reporting requirements in
place now, especially for outputs.
The current output indicators for the GoR Kitchen Gardens Program are:
a. Number of kitchen garden installed
b. Number of frontline extension agents trained on kitchen garden importance, demonstration
establishment and nutrition education;
c. Number of households’ farmers owning fruit trees;
d. Number of households’ farmers owning small animal.
The new guidelines offer an expansion of current output indicators to include choice and flexibility of a
wider range of crops and livestock as well as an outcome indicator that measures the link between
the increased diversity of crops and livestock to increased dietary diversity in terms of quality,
quantity, and additional months that food is available. See 4.2.2 Output and Outcome indicators.
4.2.2 Intervention Logic Framework
Theory of Change- If food insecure households are provided with essential guidance, using an
adaptive, incremental strategy that builds on their current land use and food system, on specific low
input self-help actions to close dietary gaps through home good growing, they will select the
information applicable to their homelot and apply it to improve their dietary intake.
Overall aim:
To improve household food and nutrition security, especially for mothers and infants through dietary
diversity.
Overall objective:
To address micronutrient malnutrition, frontline extension staff in the Kitchen Garden program, will
introduce to households at least one micronutrient nutrient dense crop every year from 1.1 and 1.2
that is locally available, drought tolerant, traditionally consumed, and accessible during the
lean/hungry season.
1.0 Output Indicators
Number of new or improved gardens that include:
1.1) Vegetables/seasonal crops. At least one micronutrient dense crop from a and from b: (a)
green leafy - cassava, sweet potato, taro, dodo, pumpkin tips, isogi, etc. and (b) orange
flesh-pumpkin, orange sweet potato, passion fruit, ,tree tomato etc.
1.2) *Trees: At least one tree each year- Ex. Avocado, guava, citrus, papaya, drumstick
(moringa)
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY1.3) Number of small livestock that continuously produce milk or eggs.
*May depend on land rights
2.0 Outcome Indicator
Increased and diversified food production/post production (crop and livestock).
2.1 Percentage of households that now grow and consume 3 x/week(?) fresh micronutrient
dense foods and or livestock products during the lean/hungry season
The output indicators reflect the real change as they show how these garden investments can impact
the closing of dietary gaps in terms of increased availability, utilization, stability.
Specific Measurable Achievable Relevant Timebound
Yes: The “who” Yes: Crop baseline Yes: Data from Yes: Yes: A
and the action is stated and can neighboring countries Micronutrient concrete
are identified. be tracked to see show targeting crops malnutrition is a timeframe is
if it is achieved in for the lean season is significant issue identified
the lean season. successful. Rwandan in this country, in (every year)
are experienced in children under
Crop/Dietary
growing a variety of five.
Diversity scoring
food crops
can be used.
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY5 Annexes
Annex 1. Key messages for implementers
1) Promote a unifying program message for implementers, e.g. “Gardens for closing dietary gaps.”
Program strategy, including indicators, are built around this message.
2) Build on existing knowledge, skills, resources, and current land use pattern of households.
3) The most effective way to provide meaningful resilient guidance is to identify ways within the
existing home garden cropping system where there are real opportunities for intensifying,
diversifying and or improving the productivity of the existing crops.
4) The theme should be to provide options for encouraging women to grow whatever they can,
wherever they can, with whatever they have, to address their family’s dietary gaps.
5) Home gardens are usually managed by females. Ensure the strategy truly empowers women. It
should not add a workload burden to women by overhauling the existing home lot food system.
6) Identify options for enhancing the nutrient value of the garden crops throughout the entire cycle
(production to post-harvest)
7) Total return per unit of land (mixed cropping) is more important than maximum the yield of one
crop.
8) Diverse home garden landscapes are multifunctional, multipurpose and build resilience, for
example: food, fiber, livestock feed, income, medicines, shelter, spiritual. Diverse home
landscapes with multiple crops result in diverse resilient diets throughout the year.
9) Nutrition promotion should be a single theme and very clear: create demand for foods currently
missing in the household’s diet, especially infants and mothers, that can be grown on the home
lot. Refrain from presenting nutrition concepts that are not essential to creating change in dietary
knowledge, attitude, and practices.
Annex 2. “Do no harm” checklist
Interventions should ensure that they do not cause any unforeseen outcomes that leave women less
empowered, households less resilient and could even cause some adverse outcomes in terms of the
nutritional status of pregnant women and infants. To ensure that interventions in kitchen gardens do
not cause any such side effects, please use the “Do no harm checklist”
Ensure actions do not reduce resilience and increase the risk of food insecurity. Impact on availability,
access, utilization is checked first before any action is taken.
Projects should NOT be about:
One size fits all. (Inputs, messages, messenger group always the same). Development
interventions must be contextual for true impact and sustainability.
Giving away supplies and equipment to change agents and or farmers. Dolling out things at
no cost rarely improves the situation. In fact, it often makes matters worse causing conflict
between neighbours. Supplies should be programmed carefully so that they add value by
addressing specific dietary gaps. Most poor households have few resources to buy these
expensive items once the project activity is completed.
Introducing quick impact activities designed to kick start home grown food activities as they
may have unintended consequences on child nutrition, gender, natural resource
management, and contribute to interhousehold conflict. Promotion of commercial inputs for
home food production, especially new and potentially high-value commercial crops, could
negatively impact on the family's nutritional status. Limited and valuable family resources
could be diverted to produce the high-risk crop for the market instead.
Promoters of kitchen gardens may look at it as a distinct and separate activity from the other
food production activities carried out in field plots but households view home food growing as
an as an integrated component of their food system. (cultivated and non-cultivated)
The science of nutrition. E.g. 3, 5, etc. food “groups”, protein, calories, vitamins, etc. These
are academic terms that are confusing to households and are often counterproductive.
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITYMessages should start with what they are doing right and only be about a household's
specific nutrition issue-gaps in the diets. Start with the main staple and show how to fill in
gaps. Show how, through self-help, families can address the issue of child hunger in their
household. (availability, access, utilization, stability)
Source: FAO Nutrition Improvement Though the HomeGardening.
Annex 3. Resources
FAO-IMPROVING NUTRITION THROUGH HOME GARDENING
MANUAL FOR CHC FACILITATORS MANUAL FOR CHC FACILITATORS
EU TRAINING SCHOOL GARDEN GUIDE FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS,
2016,
EU TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO SUPPORT THE COUNTRY- WIDE ESTABLISHMENT
OF MODEL SCHOOL NUTRITION GARDENS IN RWANDA, 2015,
GUIDELINES FOR THE ENMARKED FUND IMPLIMENTATION OF THE DECENTRALIZED
PROJECTS IN AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK SECTOR 2016-2017
KITCHEN GARDENS TRAINING MANUAL, RAB, 2016
KITCHEN GARDENS TRAINING MANUAL, MINAGRI, CICA 2016
RWANDA NATIONAL FOOD AND NUTRITION POLICY
NATIONAL HORTICULTURE POLICY AND STRATEGIC IMPLIMENTATION PLAN, NAEB,
2014
AGRI-TAF NUTRITION INCEPTION AND DESIGN REPORT 2016
Paul Sommers | AGRICULTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FACILITY`
Agriculture Technical Assistance Facility
MINAGRI
KG 569 Street
info@agri-taf.com
Kigali
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