IT INFRASTRUCTURE 2020 - Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World - An analyst report created on behalf of Equinix Germany GmbH
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IT INFRASTRUCTURE 2020
- Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World -
An analyst report created on behalf of Equinix Germany GmbH
Rene Buest, Senior Analyst and Cloud Practice Lead
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Digitization, Fast and Slow - Enterprises in the Digital Transformation........................3
The evolution of enterprise IT infrastructure...................................................................7
Interconnection Oriented Architecture ™.......................................................................15
IT Infrastructure 2020: Recommendations for the CIO...................................................21
About Equinix....................................................................................................................25
Author.................................................................................................................................26
About Crisp Research........................................................................................................27
Contact...............................................................................................................................28
Copyright...........................................................................................................................28
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 2oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
DIGITIZATION,
FAST AND SLOW -
ENTERPRISES IN THE
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
In his book „Thinking, Fast and Slow“, partments have developed, installed
the psychologist and Nobel Prize and updated vast amounts of IT
winner Daniel Kahneman is dealing systems around the globe in the past
with two different types of human three decades. They have digitized
think-ing. Based on his research of their company continuously by the
several decades, Kahneman introduction and maintaining of ERP
distinguishes two processes of and CRM systems, file servers, office
thinking: software solutions and self-developed
applications.
❚ The emotional „System 1“, which
is constantly active, very fast and thus
The IT department thus has been
acting innovative.
responsible for the maintenance of
the data center. No other employee
❚ The logical acting „System 2“,
would or to be precisely could deal
which is rarely active and which
with that task. To get to this status was
behaves sluggish and uncreative.
hard work and it remains until today.
Furthermore, Kahneman is dealing with
the „halo-effect“, i.e. the pattern of However, today everything is suddenly
thinking, from which the human different. At once, everybody shouts
brain draws a hasty conclusion based for the Digital Transformation. This
on incomplete or erroneous comes to a lack of understanding in
information. many IT departments. ‘Transform
digital?’ Digital systems have been
With the projection of Kahneman‘s introduced and maintained under
research on current developments in own control in the last 30 years.
the field of information technology, From the perspective of
similar thought patterns are found at characteristics of Kahneman’s System 2,
the managing floors and IT the stimulus word „Digital
departments of companies, too. In Transformation“ is actually a bit
particular IT decision makers are not misleading. Especially when one is
be impressed anymore by media- working in the field of IT for decades
driven stimulus words, foremost and has witnessed all developments in
cloud, social, big data and finally this period.
digitization or digital. After all, IT de-
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 3IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
THE HALO-EFFECT CONTROLS ENTERPRISES As part of this, companies have the
On the one hand, this digital opportunity of developing new
misunderstanding in IT business models. For the IT
departments can be explained by a department, it is a matter of more
typical operational blindness grown than to just keep the status quo and
over the years. On the other hand, keep things running. IT must be
the already mentioned „halo effect“ understood as a strategic partner and
could be a reason. Even if IT business enabler and has to work
departments have focused on the closely together with the various
introduction and operation of IT departments to understand their needs
technologies and thus also with and requirements. In the digital
digital topics in recent decades, age and during the Digital
today we are talking of a different Transformation in particular, this can
and completely new form of result in a strategic competitive
digitization. Since the Digital advantage for a company.
Transformation, which is an issue
today, describes the fundamental The Internet of Things (IoT) and the
transformation of companies towards Industrial Internet are symbols of the
a fully interconnected digital digitization of all industries. New and
organization. On the basis of new smart products are developed or
technologies and applications, more existing „analogue“ devices are
processes and process elements of equipped with sensors and so
the digital economy need to be expanded „smartly“ and included in
redesigned and the requirements (e.g. the digital value chain. By classic
real-time, cross-linking) adjusted. forms of organization and technical IT
There is a case for the close structures, no IT department is able
integration of entire processes and to get along this shift anymore.
supply chains within the company, as Longstanding IT departments thus can
well as with partners, suppliers and not timely or innovatively response
customers. Finally, it is also about a to the requirements of the
closer customer relationship and a departments. They neither can
better understanding of the proactively offer customers new
customers to design and offer an products and solutions accordingly.
optimized and in particular The Digital Transformation therefore
appropriate customer experience. The requires rethinking and a radical
Digital Transformation thus influences change within IT departments.
the customer and business
relationships and changes or rather
brings new value chains.
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 4IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected Worldoud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
DIGITIZATION TAKES PLACE IN TWO IT WORLDS This has an obvious reason: indeed,
The way how IT organizations are set up IT departments need the scalability
within the Digital Transformation can be and agility to develop modern
furthermore derived from Kahnemann’s applications and services to operate.
both processes of thinking. However, the operation of legacy
By a closer look at the two paradigms, it applications, avoiding data silos and
can be stated that the preservation of control and
❚ „System 1“ shows a innovatively compliance with legal frame works
and moving forward, still have a central role. Therefore,
pioneering IT environments for
❚ „System 2“ shows a stable and supporting a comprehensive digital
expectant behavior. strategy must be considered
separately at this time.
This is exactly what the digital
reality shows in companies that no
longer focus on only one IT form.
Instead, IT organizations ind
themselves automati-cally in two IT
worlds, Crisp Research characterized
those two as „Dynamic IT“ and
„Static IT“.
Dynamic IT vs. Static IT
Scalable Agile Novel Critical Slow Legacy
Hybrid IT
Integration
Highly Innovative Traditional Enterprise
Rapid Delivery Highly Complex
Modern Services Operational Reliability
Dynamic IT Static IT
Dynamic IT environments are the preferred Static IT environments host enterprise
choice for digital business models and applications that underlie specific
novel applications to benefit e.g. from constraints due to e.g. legal, compliance
scalability, flexibility and global reach. and data privacy issues or technical
limitations.
Source:
Crisp Research AG, 2015
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 5oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
„Dynamic IT“ environments are Despite their heterogeneous nature, it
currently used mainly for the is necessary to connect the „Dynamic
development and operation of digital IT“ with the „Static IT“ in order to
business models and new applications ensure both the legal requirements
to benefit among others from its and the necessary compliance
scalability, flexibility and global reach. regulations. But at the same time,
„Dynamic IT“ environments run on this ensures the company is not
cloud infrastructure platforms and limited in terms of its capacity for
are characterized by the following innovation. In this case, the goal is
features: especially to expand the „Static IT“
❚ innovations are in focus with the resources of the “Dynamic
IT” flexibly and, in the best case, seam-
❚ speed and faster time to market
lessly integrate them with each other.
❚ high agility and flexibility
Both the „Dynamic IT“ and the „Static
❚ permanent additions and improve IT“ are essential parts of the „Digital
ments (continuous development) In-frastructure Platform“ (DIP), which
forms the technological basis of an
„Static IT“ environments accom-
individual digital strategy of a
modate mostly enterprise and backend
company.
applications that operate on the basis
This Digital Infrastructure Platform
of their legal regulations, privacy and
is fundamental for new business
compliance guidelines, but particularly
models and agile business processes
because of technical limitations on the
as part of the digitization.
traditional IT infrastructure.
„Static IT“ environments have the
following character:
❚ stability, status quo and a long
planning horizon
❚ high complexity and cost when
changes occur
❚ operation and management of
legacy applications
❚ long development cycles and high
administrative expenses
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 6IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
THE EVOLUTION
OF ENTERPRISE
IT INFRASTRUCTURE
Over the past six decades, the shape Ranging from manually controlled and
and characteristics of enterprise fully autonomous individual systems to
oriented IT infrastructure have the Internet of Things, which
experienced a fundamental change. already exist today. It consists of
Crisp Research has identified people, objects, systems, locations
seven stages in this development. and data in which companies
operate as a fully interconnected part
of this economy.
Interconnection of Devices
Internet of Things
Data Transfer Volume
Number of interconnected
devices (Interconnection)
Cloud Computing &
Mobile Computing
Enterprise
Computing
Client-Server-
Architecture
Personal
Computer
Mainframes &
Terminal systems
Electronic Accounting
machine
Time
1950 2020
Source:
Crisp Research AG, 2016
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 7oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
ELECTRONIC ACCOUNTING MACHINE MAINFRAMES & TERMINAL SYSTEMS
The initial evolution was made by the The 1950s led to the next era of
electronic accounting machines at the business computing. This was
early 1930s. With this autonomously marked by the mainframe and the
working machines, the era of business connected terminal systems.
computing was launched. The systems Mainframes are high centralized
were designed as special equipment systems, which are operated by
for manual book keeping, which were professional programmers and
able to cumulate totals and printing system administrators, typically
those as a report. Although this type located in enterprise data centers. The
of equipment simplifed the accounting infrastructure is usually supplied by
records of that time, they still were large a single vendor, who develops and
and inconvenient systems. The software controls both the hardware and
programs for executing the operations software. Mainframes have a powerful
were hard wired to the printed circuit operating system, which can provide
boards and could only be changed by appropriate resources for computing
rewiring on the panel. In addition to based on a time-sharing model,
that, no programmers existed at the multitasking features and virtual
time and the machine operator hence memory to connected terminal
acted as a kind of „operating system“ systems. The terminal systems
and controlled all the system resources communicate with proprietary
manually by hand. protocols and proprietary data
connections to the mainframe. In 1958,
the first mainframe was introduced by
IBM, it was able to serve
approximately thousands of terminal
systems. 1959 the first flight reservation
system appeared, based on a
mainframe architecture.
The appearance of DEC (Digital
Equipment Corporation)
minicomputer in 1965 created a
rethinking. On the one hand, those
powerful minicomputers were
significantly cheaper than a mainframe.
On the other hand, it was possible to
decentralize the use of computer
systems and adapt each of them to
the specific needs of individual
companies and departments, instead
of using time-sharing.
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 8oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
PERSONAL COMPUTER munication ability between the different
Although the first P ersonal Computers clients and furthermore serves as a
(PC), as the MIT Altair or the Apple I and location for data and centralized
Apple II came on the markt already in applica tion deployment. The server can
the 1970s, their distribution was rather be e.g. a mainframe. But nowadays,
low. The appearance of the IBM PC in preferably more powerful versions of
1981 is considered as the beginning of PCs are used as servers, based on low
the PC era, as this rapidly spread among cost Intel processors and usually they
US companies. First, PCs were used by a have more than one of them. The easiest
command-line based operating system client-server architecture consists of a
DOS (Disk Operating System). Later, client that communicates with a server
the so called Wintel PCs (Windows via the network - also called second-
operating system with an Intel based tier client-server architecture. This
microprocessor) became standard for form of architecture is mainly used in
desktop computers. These were initially small enterprise networks, whereas large
used primarily for word processing and companies usually have complex, multi-
spreadsheet calculation and were inter- tier architectures, where the workload
esting both for corporate and private and requests are distributed across
customers. Despite their growing pop- multiple servers, depending on the task
ularity, however, at the beginning and requirements. Client-server
there were only single-user systems, architectures have enabled companies to
which could not communicate distribute their workloads across many
among each other. smaller systems that are much cheaper
compared to the central mainframe /
CLIENT-SERVER-ARCHITECTURE terminal systems. This has led to an
With the rise of the client-server explosion of computing power and
architectures in the mid 1980s, the applications within enterprises.
degree of crosslinking individual
desktop PCs changed abruptly. In a ENTERPRISE COMPUTING
client-server infrastructure, desktop With the success of the client-server
PCs or laptops, known as clients, architectures, large companies were
are connected via a network to the faced new challenges. The integration
servers. The server will provide the of their individually established LANs
clients with various re-sources. Both (Local Area Networks) in an overlapped
parties share the work. The client is cross-border network turned out to
the input device of the user, be difficult. Applications that were de-
whereas the server provides com- veloped by local departments or in
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 9IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
other regions around the globe, initially was to provide all relevant
have not been capable of communicat- business information, such as
ing with each other or sharing data. inventory data for sales staff or current
sales figures to decision makers
This changed during the 1990s when independent of time and location.
network standards and software However, it has shown that at this
appeared on the market that made it point the theory and practice are far
pos-sible to integrate various networks apart. For historical reasons, there
and applications across the entire are IT infrastructures especially in
organization into a unified enterprise large companies of a virtually
wide infrastructure. impenetrable web of hardware
systems and software applications.
With the development of the Internet This fact makes it difficult to achieve
towards a trusted communication the desired level of integration and
medium, more companies allows the integration to become a
proceeded to use the TCP/IP long process, which may extend over a
protocol (Transmission Control period of up to ten years. In addition
Protocol/ Internet Protocol) as a to that, information technology
standard to interconnect their became increasingly important in
networks. The resulting IT the companies. This results in higher
infrastructure led to a connection of finan-cial expenses, whereby the IT
the systems of hardware vendors and grew to a central cost driver without
different networks and thus an apparent value proposition in the
representing partly large enterprise value chain of the company.
networks, where information were
exchanged within the organization CLOUD COMPUTING & MOBILE COMPUTING
but also across companies. This With the beginning of the 2000s, two
form of corporate networks megatrends have grown that last
connected main-frames, servers, until today and have changed the IT
personal computers and mobile market fundamentally: cloud
phones. They provided a connection
computing and mobile computing.
to public infrastructures, such as
telephone systems, the Internet or
Cloud computing describes the terms
other publicly accessible services.
of standardized IT resources, such
as infrastructure, platforms and
The enterprise computing era
software in an „as-a-service“-model
promised to allow a fully
via a data connection, preferably
integrated IT services platform
the Internet. Cloud computing
for the management of a
distinguishes three levels of service:
global acting company. The hope
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 10IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
Furthermore, cloud computing
❚ Infrastructure-as-a-Service
promotes business agility by IT
(IaaS): Standardized IT resources
resources based on an on-demand
in terms of computing power,
model quickly, at any time and easily
storage, network, and platform
available.
services or microservices depending
on the provider.
Over the past decade, the leading
cloud providers have expanded
❚ Pl atform-as-a-Serv ice
their global footprint steadily and
(PaaS): Standardized platforms
operate their cloud environments in
for the development, operation and
data centers strategically distributed in
lifecycle management of an
many regions worldwide. Companies
application.
benefit from a global reach and can
furthermore get in touch rapidly with
❚ So ftware-as-a-Serv ice
existing or potentially new customers
(SaaS): Standardized and directly
in other regions of the world. The
deployable applications, which can
rise of highly scalable and globally
be used device-independently via a
oriented cloud environments
standard web browser.
procured the mobile
In a cloud model, companies no longer computing’s break through, as we
own the IT resources, but they rent it on know it today.
a monthly base from a cloud provider.
In a so called „pay-per-use model“ they Mobile computing allows to access sys-
pay only for what they use. This form of tems, data and applications at any time,
IT resource utilization allows companies from any place and on any device.
to create a more flexible IT cost struc- It ensures that companies can enter
ture by shifting its cost model from a into a closer dialogue with its
CapEx (investment costs) to an OpEx employees, customers, partners and
model (operational costs). suppliers.
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2015-2020
REVENUE REVENUE REVENUE REVENUE REVENUE REVENUE REVENUE
REVENUE* REVENUE* REVENUE* REVENUE* REVENUE* REVENUE*
GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH
MARKET FOR
IAAS PUBLIC 15,4 55,5% 23,5 52,7% 34,3 46,4% 46,6 35,5% 58,3 25,1% 67,8 16,3% 104,2%
CLOUD WORLWIDE
* in Billion EUR
Source: Crisp Research AG, 2016
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 11oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
Once portable computers (laptops) From a different point of view, the
became more powerful, lighter and cloud, however, represents the
thus more attractive in the last decade, maximum flexible interconnection of
today much more handy sizes, such as many different areas of our world,
smartphones and tablets, provide a which otherwise would not be
better mobility and thereby increase imaginable nowadays. For example:
the mobile user experience. This trend smartphones. Without the cloud, the
will continue consistently, because retail user experience of smart-phones today
centric industries, such as retail and the would not be advanced that greatly.
automotive industry are just now We would not be able to chat via
recognizing the added value of the iMessage or WhatsApp independent
mobile app economy on a large scale. of the location, or share photos via
They provide their clients with Instagram or Snapchat. It is the same
information to offer a better user with the use of social networks, such
experience and to learn from the data as Facebook, Twitter or LinkedIn and
they receive from them in return and so search requests on Google and
get a better understanding for the user Bing. All paths of these data commu-
behavior. nications run on backend applications
with in cloud infrastructures and
INTERCONNECTION – THE MAXIMUM DENSITY thus ensure this high degree of
OF CROSSLINKING interconnection.
By speaking about the cloud, keywords
like scalability, availability and flexibil Likewise, most mobile apps save their
ity move instantly to the center. With data in the cloud. A striking example for
a glance at the latest developments in this comes from the field of
the IT market, it can be ascertained that augmented reality - the realtime
the cloud currently has and will have a presentation of value added
much greater influence in the future, information of an object obtained by
more than previously thought - since a camera, e.g. of a smart-phone.
the cloud is the basis of todays Augmented reality applications store
Digital Transformation of enterprises. the value added information
Only on the basis of using dynamic usually not on the local device - since
acting and globally scalable the devices have far too little storage
platforms and infrastructure, the IT space - but download the data from
strategy can be adapted to the ever the cloud as needed.
changing market situation and so
support the company strategy from the
technical side.
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 12oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
When we put ourselves into the The basic fields of application and
Internet of Things (IoT), this density of possibilities of the Internet of Things
interconnection is getting even more are almost unlimited. For the next
massive. The IoT represents the three years, Crisp Research has
connection of physical objects, which identified four key areas in which the
includes people, sensors, household IoT is taking a significant impact:
items, cars, in-dustrial plants and many
❚ An improvement of marketing
more. The IoT closes the gap between
through the more intensive analysis
the traditional and the digital world by
of the behavior of people, objects
a seek of maximum interconnection
and data on the one hand, and the
and the largest possible exchange of
inclusion of the context, e.g. time
information. The broad dissemination
and place where the objects reside
and adoption of the IoT will still take
on the other hand. This includes e.g.
some time. But it will contribute to a
the location based advertising and
similar major transformation as it is
the analysis of purchasing patterns
exemplified by cloud computing since
across different stores
several years.
Crisp Research assumes that in
❚ Improving the response to specific
2025 approximately 30 billion of
situations in real time. This includes
interconnected devices will be on the
e.g. the control of transport routes
market. based on different variables, such as
the weather, the fuel consumption or
More and more companies will softer factors, such as potential
appear, which use the realtime analysis hazards.
to identify trends in data and respond
directly to it. This includes e.g. the ❚ Support for decision by sensor
analysis of customer needs in realtime based analytics using more
in order to transfer individually profound analysis, such as constant
advertisements to them directly health monitoring of patients for a
through their smartphone or wearables better treatment.
that also exactly matches the current
❚ A higher level of automation and
context of the client’s activity. Other
better control for optimization of
applications are found in the fields
processes and the use of resources
of transportion and logistics. Here, the
(such as smart metering) as well as
IoT may help to optimize the arrival
risk management systems.
time of deliveries or improve the CO2
balance, based on the use of data
patterns.
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 13IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
The Internet of Things will very quickly The result is a maximum interconnect-
become a decisive factor for the future ed ecosystem consisting of people,
competitiveness of companies, which equipment, things, objects, data and
also have to fight with their necessary places. This will evolve towards a fully
technology strategies. interconnected economy in which every
company must become a part in order
The „Interconnection“, meaning to remain competitive in the future.
the comprehensive networking and This includes to work seamlessly with
full interaction with our environment digital communities. Here, it is essen-
is the next logical step after today‘s tially necessary that companies build
digitization of companies. It aims to their individual infrastructure strategy
link part-ners, customers and suppliers foundation already today.
in a very efficient and highly
automated manner with each other.
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 14IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected Worldoud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
INTERCONNECTION
ORIENTED
ARCHITECTURE ™
Supported by the cloud, companies This includes the unceasingly growth of:
are now in the next step of their
❚ data
digital evolution. However, they also
facing new tasks, which they have to ❚ users
serve with new infrastructure and
platforms, from a technical point of ❚ devices
view. In addition to that, companies
❚ locations
are no longer just in one challenge,
but several vectors need to be which must be both served and
considered simultaneously. analyzed in realtime and be
protected against the increasing
amount of cyber attacks.
Enterprise in the Internet of Things
Source:
Crisp Research AG, 2016
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 15oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
MULTI CLOUD ARCHITECTURES AS BASIS OF HIGHLY ❚ Exploit innovation
INTERCONNECTED ECOSYSTEMS potential.
The combination of these „things“ Decision makers who want to pro-
mentioned above takes place in the vide their departments and devel-
cloud or the connection and integra- opers with innovations look around
tion of multiple clouds based on a multi for more than one provider. Finally,
cloud deployment strategy. Reasons for “the one” innovation machine in the
this strategy are diverse and IT decision cloud does not exist. Instead, other
makers should have a great interest providers repeatedly bring out new
to put multi cloud sourcing on their services to help a company becom-
agenda. Possible IT architectures help ing successful even faster. Different
to address the following challenges: innovations are thus obtained from
multiple vendors.
❚ Risk management.
From a risk management perspective
❚ Compliance requirements.
and the avoidance of a full lock-in,
Especially when it comes to the issue
more than one provider needs to be
of data (keyword: data gravity),
considered in a holistic cloud strat
multi cloud scenarios have an
egy in order to minimize the risk of
important role. Thus, e.g. legally
failure and beyond that keep options
afflicted data can be stored at a
open for a change.
provider who can ensure the
necessary legal framework (data
❚ No One stop cloud shop.
protection, data locality). The
There is no cloud provider that has a
services of another provider then
full portfolio of services and solutions,
access the data without actually
which meets all of the requirements a
moving it. The computing power and
company needs. A complete individ
innova-tion will then reach out to
ual cloud stack consists services of
the data and the data itself does
more than one cloud provider.
not have to get there.
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 16IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected Worldoud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
❚ Data aggregation and data ❚ Global delivery.
analytics. Performance in the cloud is one of
Data is now spread across many the major challenges when it comes
systems, services, applications, to services and deliver information
devices and locations. However, quickly to the customer (keyword:
the added value of the individual latency). When those services and
data results in combination with data are brought closely to the
other data for a better corresponding target customers,
understanding of the customer or this hurdle can be handled. This
operations of machines and systems must be taken into account
to optimize processes across the especially if a cloud provider is not
enterprise based on big data acting in a specific national market
analytics and machine learning. with its own data center. Possibly
another provider can be chosen,
which is already on site to
performantly serve the customers.
What is your favorite cloud deployment model
(Public, Private, Hybrid, Multi) Today and Future?
Today Future
Pure Public Cloud 27,5 % 10,6 %
Hybrid Cloud
Own IT infrastructure combined
with a public cloud
25,9 % 32,8 %
Multi Cloud
Management of various cloud 12,7 % 36,0 %
environments incl. at least one
public cloud
Private Cloud 20,6 %
Pure private cloud in own data 33,9 %
center
Source:
Crisp Research Ag, 2015 n = 189
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 17oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
Illustration of Multi Cloud Computing (cloud Supply Chain)
Enterprise Cloud
Infrastructure/ Sub-Component Sub-Component Sub-Component Sub-Component Sub-Component
Application (1-n)
Cloud-Supplier
(1-n)
Cloud-Supplier
(1-n)
Cloud-Supplier
(1-n)
Complete System (1-m) Module (1-m) Micro Service (1-m)
Source:
Crisp Research AG, 2016
To get a better understanding of multi INTERCONNECTIVITY AS CORE COMPONENT FOR THE
cloud scenarios, it is helpful to take a INTERNET OF THINGS
closer look at the supply chain model In the Internet of Things new concepts
from the automotive industry as an and architectures are required to
example. A car manufacturer uses get the neccessary high density of
different (partially redundant) interconnection. Decision makers
contractors which supply with should concentrate especially on the
components, sub-assemblies or seamless connection of:
finished systems. In the end, the
❚ people
carmaker adds the parts just-in-time in
its assembly plants. ❚ places
A multi cloud scenario adapts the idea ❚ data
of the automotive industry, by
cooperating with more than one cloud ❚ objects
provider (cloud supplier). In the end, in order to establish their company
all services in this cloud supply chain as part of this fully interconnected
are integrated in its own cloud economy.
application or cloud en-vironment.
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 18oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
Enterprise Interconnection
Source:
Crisp Research AG, 2016
In this case, they can extract business critical magnitude. Here,
numerous advantages in order to a quick and stable provision
remain competitive in the future. of resources must be in focus, too.
❚ Connecting people. ❚ Connection of data.
The work across country borders and The rapid and reliable integration of
timezones is becoming increasingly data from different sources (optimum
important for companies to reach and in real time), provide companies
serve their employees, partners, nowadays with a not to under-
suppliers and customers 24/7 in differ estimate competitive advantage,
ent country markets. This applies to by learning from the analysis and
companies in industrial manufacturing mak-ing decisions more quickly and
as well as various service sectors. thus provide its customers with
efficient information.
❚ Connection of locations.
The location independent access to
systems and applications by employees,
partners, suppliers and customers is
increasingly becoming of
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 19IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
❚ Connection of objects. In addition, a solution for a connection
The Internet of Things and the and integration of systems, services and
Industrial Internet are still in its applications must be found, at best
beginning and just preparing the using several vendors, together with the
next industrial revolution. The way of own IT. For this purpose, ecosystems
optimizing or forming new such as the Equinix Cloud Exchange
existing production methods, makes sense, which allows to establish
logistics and value chains based links from the own infrastructure
on sensor technology, the with public cloud providers such as
networking of machines and Amazon Web Services, Microsoft
intelligent analysis mechanisms for Azure or IBM SoftLayer. Finally, it
new business models, will comes to finding a way to make data
dramatically change the allocated available to users 24/7 and provide
market powers in the future. analysis as it is needed. Therefore, so
called data hubs are available, which
On the technical side, in the „Internet allow saving at a local level and record
of Things“, companies should deal metadata, which give infor-mation
with how they manage to provide about where exactly the data is stored
app
lications and services performant. in order to access as quickly as
Amongst others, the concept of „Fog possible and make it accessible at all
Computing“1 may help, in which data times.
and workloads are brought closer to the
user, which is located on the edge of a
data connection.
1
Fog Computing: Der effiziente Pfad der Daten und An-
wendungen zum Endnutzer, Crisp Research AG, 2014,
https://www.crisp-research.com/fog-computing-der-effi-
ziente-pfad-der-daten-und-anwendungen-zum-endnut-
zer/
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 20IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT INFRASTRUCTURE 2020:
RECOMMENDATIONS
FOR THE CIO
The future IT Infrastructures are funda- The Internet of Things dissolves existing
mentally different from those of today. data silos, provides access to new data
These do not just have a cloud based sources and thereby enables
character, but they also have special companies entirely new business
requirements regarding the scope, per- opportunities. New digital
formance, stability and must ensure companies suddenly appear out of
a maximum density of interconnection. nowhere and shake up the existing
In context with the planning of their supplier landscape by creating new
IT infrastructure agenda 2020, markets and develop new offerings and
CIOs should deal especially with services. Today‘s industries are no
the following topics: longer organized strictly vertically
for quite some time compared to how
they were several decades ago. Today,
BECOME A PART OF THE INTERNET OF THINGS AND THE
online retailers also sell IT resources
INDUSTRIAL INTERNET
The Internet of Things and the and com-puter manufacturers have
Industrial Internet offer CIOs revolutionized the music industry.
numerous opportunities to develop These are just two examples showing
new IT based business models. The that the competition no longer is the
construction of a fully interconnected one that it seems to be. Due to cloud
computing, wireless connectivity,
system of globally distributed
mobile solutions as well as big data
computer systems, sensors and
analytics and caching, the costs of IT
multiple terminals, which all
solutions fall considerably. Adding that
communicate with each other over the
the sensors and terminals decreasing
Internet, is currently in full swing.
in price as well as the increasing
Therefore, it is just a consistent
popularity to collect data from
conclusion that this change will have a
devices at any time and any place. If
direct impact on how our lives will
CIOs do not recognize this as a clear
change in the future and all the
and present attack on their companies,
potential of the digital company can be
they will be confronted sooner or later
lifted only by this change.
with the corresponding consequences.
CIOs should deal with the current and
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 21oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
future opportunities to stand aside and IT buyers are being reduced,
their company with the best advice to an added value results. In addition to
take advantage of the opportunities aggregation and transparency,
offered by the IoT. integration and ease of use have an
essential role. This procurement
USE THE POWER OF ECOSYSTEMS channel makes sense only if the new
In recent years, a number of new refer- sourcing model guarantees that IT
ence and sourcing options emerged in users obtain, monitor and pay the
the cloud market. A variety of platforms, cloud services easily and without great
ecosystems and marketplaces exist integration efforts. In relation to
from where cloud services are provided, the purchase of e.g. SaaS, this
or from where they can be purchased. means that the onboarding and
Often the distinction is difficult from management of users and billing
the perspective of the user, as there should be uniform.
are no generally accepted definitions
for these models. Since most cloud Cloud ecosystems are characterized by
platforms, cloud ecosystems and cloud a great balance between the
marketplaces are still in an early stage participat ing partners and a low level
of development and maturity phase, of integration. Mostly cloud ecosystems
assortment, partners and the general are a composite of various technology
conditions even change in a fast and service providers that provide
rhythm. The cloud shopping models their customers with either special
can be differentiated by category conditions, implementation support
(platform, ecosystem, marketplace), or possibly individual solutions.
by the operator (technology providers, Equinix connects multiple cloud
IT service providers, independent service partners in its data centers. In
operators), by the core functionality these scenarios, users are given the
(price comparison, integration, service opportunity to connect directly with
delivery) and the depth of the process leading public cloud services and thus
integration. Besides all these the latencies decrease significantly.
differentiating features this new cloud
sourcing models have much in MAKE USE OF THE FOG
common. Thus, the aggregation of a Once the cloud is adapted in a wide
variety of cloud services and offerings range, new concepts will follow to
represent a common denominator. Only enhance the use of scalable and
when the information costs and flexible infrastructure, platforms and
transaction costs for both IT users applications to further services for
delivering data and information more
quickly to the end user. In essence,
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 22IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected Worldoud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
this is exactly the task of able to access their data at any
fog computing. The fog ensures time, from any location, using any
that cloud services, comput-ing device is another reason why the
power, storage, workloads, idea of fog computing is becoming
applications and large amounts of increasingly important.
data are being provided at any
edge of a network (Internet) in a MULTI-CLOUD IS THE NEW NORMAL
real manner. A modern cloud environment or
cloud application consist of more
In the context of fog, it is also spoken of than one cloud provider and thus
„Edge Computing“. The fog is integrates several microservices or
organizationally under the cloud and platform services from different
serves as an optimized transmission providers using a multi cloud model.
medium for the services and data in In this model, a company develops the
the cloud. The term „fog computing“ majority of its environment or
was cre ated by Cisco as a concept, applications itself and extends the
which supports distributed terminals architecture with other, external
within the Internet of Things in the services, whose efforts would be too
wireless data transfer. Fog computing big to internally develop them from
conceptually builds on existing and scratch. Thus the developed cloud
widespread technologies such as supply chain is an important part of the
content delivery networks (CDN) „Digital Infrastructure Platform“ (DIP)
and allows providing more for any business and should be
complex services due to the use of considered in order to benefit from the
cloud technologies. As increasing diversity of cloud infrastructure,
amounts of data must be delivered to a platforms and applications. Complete
growing number of users, concepts solution scenarios make it easier to
are necessary that improve the idea reduce the development effort and
of the cloud that enable enterprises provide the inspriation for new ideas,
and service providers to offer their too.
content to the end user via a
geographically widespread platform.
Fog computing helps to transport
the distributed data closer to end
users, thereby reducing the latency
and number of required hops, so that
mobile computing and streaming
services are being better supported.
Besides the Internet of Things, the
growing demand from users to be
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 23IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected Worldoud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
DIRECT CONNECTIONS ENSURE BETTER This type of connection ensures
STABILITY AND CONNECTIVITY not only better connectivity and
In the context of enterprises, low latency stability of the connection, but it
is important to ensure a smooth also allows the moresimple building
operation. Compared to local network of multi cloud environments. Since
infrastructure, connections to public Equinix hosts the large public cloud
cloud environments, however, have providers in its data centers, thus
much higher latencies, since all data customers can be connect via „Cloud
take the long way over the public Exchange“ directly with the public
Internet. To avoid this long way, cloud infrastructure by cross-
colocation providers like Equinix offer connect as required.
ways via direct connections with public
cloud infrastructure vendors like
Amazon Web Services or Microsoft
Azure and thereby bypass the public
Internet. Based on this so called cross-
connects, direct network links between
the cloud infrastructure of public cloud
providers and the IT infrastructure of
their customers are connected.
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 24oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
ABOUT EQUINIX
Equinix, Inc. (Nasdaq: EQIX) connects the world’s leading businesses to their
customers, employees and partners inside the most interconnected data centers.
In 40 markets across five continents, E quinix i s where c ompanies c ome together
to realize new opportunities and accelerate their business, IT and cloud strategies.
Kleyerstraße 88-90
D-60326 Frankfurt
TEL +49 69 25 73 85 883
http://www.equinix.de/
https://twitter.com/EquinixDE
https://www.linkedin.com/company/200342
https://www.xing.com/companies/equinix/updates
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 25oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
AUTHOR
Rene Buest is Senior Analyst and Cloud Practice Lead at
Crisp Research, covering cloud computing, IT infrastructure,
IT platforms, Internet of Things and IT strategy. Prior to that
he was Principal Analyst at New Age Disruption and member
of the worldwide Gigaom Research Analyst Network. Rene
Buest is a top cloud computing analyst in Germany and one
of the worldwide top analysts in this area. In addition, he is one
of the world’s top cloud computing influencers and belongs to the
top 100 cloud computing experts on Twitter and Google+. Since the mid-90s, he
is focused on the strategic use of information technology in businesses and the IT
impact on our society as well as disruptive technologies.
Rene Buest is the author of numerous professional cloud computing and technolo-
gy articles. He regularly writes for well-known IT publications like Computerwoche,
CIO Magazin, LANline as well as Silicon.de and is cited in German and international
media – including New York Times, Forbes Magazin, Handelsblatt, Frankfurter
All-gemeine Zeitung, Wirtschaftswoche, Computerwoche, CIO, Manager Magazin
and Harvard Business Manager. Furthermore Rene Buest is speaker and participant
of experts rounds. He is the founder of CloudUser.de and writes about cloud
computing, IT infrastructure, technologies, management and strategies. He holds
a diploma in computer engineering from the Hochschule Bremen
(Dipl.-Informatiker (FH)) as well as a M.Sc. in IT-Management and Information
Systems from the FHDW Paderborn.
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 26oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
ABOUT CRISP RESEARCH
The Crisp Research AG is an independent IT research and advisory company. With a
team of experienced analysts, consultants and software developers, Crisp Research
rated current and future technology and market trends. Crisp Research supports
companies in the digital transformation of their IT and business processes.
The analyzes and comments from Crisp Research are published and discussed on
a variety of economic and IT magazines as well as social media platforms. As
„Contributing Editors“ at the leading IT publications (Computer Week, CIO,
silicone et al.), engaged BITKOM- members and requested keynote speakers, our
analysts actively contribute to the debates on new technologies, standards and
market trends, and belong to relevant influencers in the industry.
In 2013, Crisp Research was founded by Steve Janata and Dr. Carlo Velten, it
focuses its research and consultancy services on „Emerging Technologies“, such
as cloud, analytics or digital marketing and their strategic and operational
implications for CIOs and business decision makers in companies.
© Crisp Research AG, 2016 27oud als Kernsäulen der Digitalen
IT Infrastructure 2020: Enterprises in a fully Interconnected World
CONTACT
Weißenburgstraße 10
D-34117 Kassel
TEL +49-561-2207 4080
FAX +49-561-2207 4081
info@crisp-research.com
http://www.crisp-research.com/
https://twitter.com/crisp_research
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information remain property of Crisp Research AG. Reproduction,
even partially, requires the written permission of Crisp Research AG.
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