INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENTS - FIVE-YEAR PLAN JULY 2012 - JUNE 2017 2016/17 Review
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENTS FIVE-YEAR PLAN JULY 2012 – JUNE 2017 2016/17 Review
Contents
ABOUT THIS SETTING THE UNDERSTANDING
PLAN SCENE THE CURRENT
REALITY
10 18
CATALYTIC IMPROVING Creating
PROJECTS EXISTING LIVING new living
ENVIRONMENTS environments
26 30 40
PARTNERING ADDITIONAL
FOR STRATEGIC
IMPROVEMENT INITIATIVES
52 56
DIRECTORATE STRUCTURE AND LEGISLATION
FUNCTIONS AND PLAN
INTEGRATION
64 70
FUNDING ANNEXURES
76 80
Denotes: National Development Plan Objectives delivered More online
Vision &
Mission
OF THE CITY OF CAPE TOWN
Spearheading this resolve is a
focus on infrastructure
The vision of the City of Cape Town investment and maintenance to
is threefold: provide a sustainable drive for
economic growth and
• o be an opportunity city that
T
development, greater economic
creates an enabling environment
freedom, and increased
for economic growth and job
opportunities for investment
creation, and to provide help to
and job creation. THE OPPORTUNITY
those who need it most. CITY
• o deliver quality services to all
T To achieve its vision, the City of
Cape Town is building on the Pillar 1: Ensure that Cape
residents.
strategic focus areas it has Town continues to grow as
• o serve the citizens of Cape
T identified as the cornerstones an opportunity city.
Town as a well-governed and of a successful and thriving city
corruption-free administration. and which form the foundation
of its five-year Integrated
Development Plan. These are
as follows:
the safe the CARING
city city
Pillar 2: Make Cape Town Pillar 3: Make Cape
an increasingly safe city. Town even more of a
caring city.
In striving to achieve this
vision, the City’s mission is to:
• c ontribute actively to the
development of its
environmental, human and
social capital;
the INCLUSIVE the WELL-RUN
• ffer high-quality services to
o city city
all who live in, do business in
or visit Cape Town as Pillar 4: Ensure that Cape Pillar 5: Make sure
tourists; and Town is an inclusive city. Cape Town continues
• e known for its efficient,
b
to be a well-run city.
effective and caring
government.
These five focus areas inform all the City of Cape Town’s plans and policies.
ABOUT THIS PLAN
The aim of the Integrated Human Settlements Five-
Year Plan is to offer the reader an understanding of the
challenges and opportunities facing the City of Cape
Town in terms of providing for the housing needs of its
steadily growing and increasingly urbanised population,
as well as the vision and strategies of the City’s Human
Settlements Directorate.
This plan is closely aligned with, and contributes to, the
City of Cape Town’s overarching five-year Integrated
Development Plan and has been developed to enable
the realisation of the City’s five key strategic pillars or
focus areas.
This 2016/17 review is the last in the series of reviews for
the five-year period July 2012 to June 2017.
Just as the Human Settlements Directorate does not
operate in isolation from the rest of the City of Cape Town,
this plan should be read in the context of the greater
vision and objectives of the current administration. In
this way, it forms but one component of a suite of plans,
publications and reports that the City produces annually.
These include the following:
The five-year Integrated Development Plan
(2016/17 review)
The integrated annual report 2015/16
The 2015/16 – 2017/18 budget
Each of these publications offers its readers or other
City stakeholders comprehensive information and data
on the components of the City’s five strategic pillars that
may be relevant to them.
While this means that each publication can be read
independently of the others, the suite of books should
preferably be considered in its entirety to gain a
comprehensive understanding of the City’s planning,
performance and budgeting structures.
Vision &
Mission
OF THE HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
DIRECTORATE
The vision of the Human
Settlements Directorate is to
contribute to and lead the City of
Cape Town’s development of
sustainable integrated human
settlements by improving the
overall living and built environment
of communities in Cape Town,
balancing quantity and quality DEFINING THE VISION
housing opportunities, and placing
a specific focus on improving the
livelihood of the poor. Contribute: Lead:
The responsibility to achieve The Human Settlements
integrated sustainable human Directorate is the institutional
settlements rests with the entire entry point for co-ordinating
City, and not just with a single integrated human settlements.
The mission of the human directorate.
settlements directorate is:
• o facilitate and develop
T
sustainable integrated human
settlements.
• o integrate the delivery of
T
housing opportunities with the
objectives and deliverables of Living and built Balancing
the rest of the City, thereby environment: quantity and
ensuring that these contribute to
the creation of a compact city
The strategic focus is the quality:
improvement of both the While the drive to accelerate
and optimal use of facilities. living and built environment the delivery of more housing
to achieve National Human opportunities (quantity) will
• o improve informal settlements
T Settlements Outcome 8 and continue, there is an equally
and backyard precincts related objectives, as required important drive to pursue
incrementally and create a by both the Human Settlements quality-of-life objectives
better-quality living Development Grant and relating to improved human
environment, rather than merely the Urban Settlements settlements. These include
providing shelter. Development Grant. reducing travelling time
and costs from residential
• o manage and maintain the
T areas to places of economic
City’s rental assets strategically.
Improving the and recreational amenities;
• o lead in the social and
T livelihood of providing community
facilities in new and existing
economic development of the poor: settlements; the in situ
disadvantaged areas to ensure This requires a people-centred,
upgrade and improvement of
that quality of life and the partnership-based service
informal settlements at scale,
environment are improved. delivery process that addresses
and ensuring and promoting
the essential issues of safety
• o promote and ensure
T medium-density housing in
and security, tenure restoration
well-located and appropriate
meaningful partnerships with and protection, meaningful
areas within the urban core,
business and community-based stakeholder relations, and
along transport corridors and in
stakeholders. the effective provision and
economic nodes.
maintenance of basic services.
Message from
THE MAYORAL COMMITTEE MEMBER FOR HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
The provision of
integrated and The high numbers of people who continue integrated approach would be required. In
sustainable housing to settle in Cape Town every year in search of response, it developed its Integrated Human
opportunities is a better life for themselves and their families Settlements Framework, which has been
acknowledged as makes the delivery of housing opportunities designed and implemented to underpin
the vital foundation
for all an ongoing challenge. However, this an innovative, long-term integrated human
on which all citizens
administration has always embraced this settlements plan for Cape Town and ensure the
of Cape Town can
challenge and remains absolutely committed City provides holistic, accessible and working
build the lives
and futures they to delivering suitable housing for all in solutions to its many housing challenges, most
deserve. Cape Town. notably rapid urbanisation.
Over the past five years, such housing delivery Importantly, this integrated human settlements
has emerged as one of the key measures of framework is underpinned by a transversal
the City’s effectiveness in realising its stated management approach that has been enabled by
strategic objectives of making Cape Town a the comprehensive restructuring of the Human
caring, opportunity, safe, inclusive and well- Settlements Directorate and a commitment to
run city. So, while every aspect of the City’s partnering with all other areas and directorates
Integrated Development Plan is considered of the City to deliver holistic housing, transport,
a priority, the provision of integrated and services that work together to drive the
and sustainable housing opportunities is creation of real opportunities for all.
acknowledged as the vital foundation on which
This transversally managed, highly integrated
all citizens of Cape Town can, and will, be able
human settlements framework, and its associated
to build the lives and futures they deserve.
plans, is already delivering significant results for
Given this prioritisation of housing delivery for all the City and for the people of Cape Town, as
Capetonians, the City has deliberately evolved evidenced by the numerous industry awards and
its approach to housing in recent years, from accolades garnered by the City and the Human
one that focuses purely on building houses, Settlements Directorate since its implementation
to one that serves to fundamentally improve in late 2013. These have included numerous
the living circumstances and environments Provincial and National Govan Mbeki Awards,
of the people of Cape Town. To achieve that, in both 2014 and 2015, for many of the City’s
and deliver the estimated 652 000 additional housing projects as well as recognition by such
housing opportunities that will be required by esteemed associations as the South African
2031, the City’s Human Settlements Directorate Institute of Civil Engineering and The South
recognised that a more sustainable and highly African Housing Foundation.
6 INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW
While the City of Cape Town has never area densification, unlocking new areas for
approached any of its commitments with the housing development, and ensuring that low
primary purpose of garnering recognition, income households have more opportunities
these independent awards certainly serve to to participate in the housing market.
validate the effectiveness of our integrated
The groundwork for the sustainable delivery
framework approach to human settlements
of these programme outcomes has been laid
and bolster already high levels of confidence we
and this administration is determined to deliver
have in its ability to deliver continued success
steady progress in transforming the spatial form
in the coming years.
of our city from one divided and segregated
This final review of the five-year plan represents as a result of the legacy of apartheid to one
both the culmination of this evolution from unified and integrated through appropriate,
housing to integrated human settlements, opportunity-oriented development.
as well as the beginning of an exciting new
Over the past five years, the City of Cape Town
chapter in the history of Cape Town. One of
Human Settlements Directorate has shown that,
the key outcomes of the Human Settlements
together, we really can make progress happen
Directorate’s comprehensive review and
for the benefit of all Capetonians. And with the
restructuring of its operations over the past
support and partnership of the people of Cape
two years was the identification of a number of
Town, we are determined to continue to do so
key programmes that must be prioritised if the
in the years to come.
City is to deliver on its commitment to create
sustainable human settlement opportunities for
all its people. These programmes are outlined
in more detail in this review document, but
they focus primarily on continued upgrading of
existing informal settlements, supporting and COUNCILLOR Benedicta VAN MINNEN
enabling backyard dwellings to meet growing Mayoral Committee Member for Human
housing demand, promoting household and Settlements
INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW 7
Message from
THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
Previously our
five-year strategic As we enter the last phase of our current opportunities for residents of Cape Town
plans were informed five-year plan, our focus is even more without much emphasis on the integration
by a need to concentrated on the implementation of the aspect.
deliver housing Integrated Human Settlements Framework
opportunities for As the City of Cape Town we take a leaf from
(IHSF), as outlined in our previous five-year
residents of Cape UN Habitat, who defines human settlements
plan review. This implementation process
Town without much as;
has largely been marked by the current
emphasis on the ‘The totality of human community… with all
restructuring of the Directorate into four
integration aspect.
strategic business units (SBUs), i.e. social, material, organisational, spiritual and
cultural elements that sustains it’
• Shared Services, Monitoring and Support;
• New Market Development; This means our integrated human settlements
• Informal Markets; and must be well managed entities in which
• Property and Rental Transfers. economic growth and social development
are in balance with the carrying capacity of
Underpinning this restructuring is a move
the natural systems on which they depend
towards a transversal style of management
for their existence and result in sustainable
that will enable the increased delivery of
development, wealth creation, poverty
integrated human settlements, as informed
alleviation and equity. As outlined in the IHSF,
by our mandate.
the City needs to shift its delivery emphasis
Previously our five-year strategic plans away from providing formal give-away houses
were informed by a need to deliver housing to providing access to well-located land,
8 INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW
good quality municipal services, improving we have implemented in the early years of
the public environment and supporting our five-year plan, including the delivery of
households to build their own houses. basic services to backyarders and informal
settlements, the People’s Housing process
The key strategic shifts in this IHSF are
and re-blocking, among others.
motivated by four themes, namely:
• helping to address poverty; While we anticipate challenges of varying
• innovation and sustainability; nature in this strategic shift, we believe with
• partnerships; and buy-in from the community and our staff,
• transforming the Directorate’s turnaround progress will be possible.
strategy into a new approach to housing
needs.
This shift in strategy, however, does not
mean our commitment to previously planned
projects has waned. We will continue our DR IVAN Bromfield
commitment to other strategic initiatives that Executive Director: Human Settlements
INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW 9Setting the
scene
Achieving success through an integrated
human settlements approach 12
Key themes for an integrated plan 14
Theme 1: Helping to address poverty 14
Theme 2: Innovation and sustainability 14
Theme 3: Partnerships 15
Theme 4: Transforming the Directorate’s
turnaround strategy into a new
approach to housing needs 17
10 INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW2016/17 REVIEW
INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
11
ANNEXURES FUNDING LEGISLATION AND DIRECTORATE STRUCTURE ADDITIONAL STRATEGIC PARTNERING FOR CREATING NEW IMPROVING EXISTING MEGA OR CATALYTIC UNDERSTANDING SETTING THE
PLAN INTEGRATION AND FUNCTIONS INITIATIVES IMPROVEMENT LIVING ENVIRONMENTS LIVING ENVIRONMENTS PROJECTS THE CURRENT REALITY SCENEHousing provision is essential for the success of the City’s efforts to address poverty, create employment, improve socio-
economic conditions and create sustainable futures.
The review of the Integrated Human Settlements In developing this plan, the Directorate ensured
(IHS) Five-Year Plan aims to evaluate current alignment with many of the other existing plans
urbanisation realities facing the City of Cape of the City and National Government. Sources
Town (‘the City’), specifically its diverse housing consulted include, but are not limited to, the
challenges. National Development Plan (NDP), the City of
Cape Town IDP, the 2010 State of Cape Town
Housing provision is essential for the success report, the Cape Town Spatial Development
of the City’s efforts to address poverty, create Framework and the Integrated Human
employment, improve socio-economic conditions Settlements Framework.
and create sustainable futures. In this way, the
plan also outlines the intentions of the Human The five-year plan is reviewed annually to ensure
Settlements Directorate (‘the Directorate’) to that it considers and responds to any significant
go beyond merely building houses and take a changes in the micro and macro-environments
more holistic approach to improving existing that may affect its delivery. This 2016/17 review
living environments and creating new ones for marks the end of the five-year horizon of the
the people of Cape Town. current plan.
This integrated approach to human settlements Achieving success through an
development and improvement contributes integrated human settlements
to the City’s overarching five-year Integrated
Development Plan (IDP) and is closely aligned
approach
with its five core strategic focus areas of being: While the City has made great strides in
housing provision, it needs a new approach
• an opportunity city;
that will be sustainable well into the future
• a safe city; and that will maximise the delivery of housing
• a caring city; opportunities amidst constrained resources
and high demand. In addition, the City’s
• an inclusive city; and
delivery of human settlements must include
• a well-run city. measures to transform the current spatial form
12 INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEWSETTING THE
SCENE
of Cape Town, which still forms part of the • Support of higher-density, affordable apart
legacy of apartheid planning, into a densified ment-unit investment around transport
city that maximises the efficiencies of transit- corridors and priority nodes – This encourages
oriented development. both public and private development in the
vicinity of key transport corridors and nodes by
THE CURRENT REALITY
UNDERSTANDING
The Human Settlements Directorate invested
means of investment incentives, planning and
significant time and intellectual capital in
building plan approvals, and special
rethinking and restructuring its delivery
concessions in respect of development
methodology and strategic plan. The result
contributions.
has been a fundamental shift from the historic
approach of targeting individual areas of • Social Development and Growth Economic
Strategies – This plan supports the building of
MEGA OR CATALYTIC
housing need to one in which full and meaningful
safe households and communities, the most
PROJECTS
integration is central. This paradigm shift began
in 2013, when the City and the Western Cape vulnerable through access to services and
provincial government (‘Province’) embarked on infrastructure, promotes and fosters social
a joint human settlements coordination project. inclusion as well as providing for social and
A number of working groups were formed and economic opportunities.
LIVING ENVIRONMENTS
IMPROVING EXISTING
mandated to explore various aspects of the • Undertaking a focused programme to improve
current housing delivery model in Cape Town. homeownership-related creditworthiness
Following extensive research, scenario modelling levels among Capetonians
of costs, projections of funding mechanisms and
• Focused communication to adjust and manage
the experience of both the City and its housing
of stakeholders’ expectations
beneficiaries, this collaborative effort resulted in
LIVING ENVIRONMENTS
the Integrated Human Settlements Framework This integrated framework and strategy not only
CREATING NEW
(IHSF), which Council adopted in February 2014. aims to create a more holistic approach within the
The IHSF now informs a new and innovative
Human Settlements Directorate itself, but also to
longer-term strategy to guide the City’s
integrate the Directorate’s efforts with those of
transversal management of integrated human
other City areas. For example, given the focus on
settlements planning and delivery.
human settlements development surrounding
key transport nodes, the IHSF is closely aligned
PARTNERING FOR
Apart from having shifted the City and Direc
IMPROVEMENT
torate’s focus from mere housing provision to with the City’s transit-oriented development
comprehensive human settlements develop (TOD) strategy. Therefore, the IHSF proposes that
ment and management, this integrated approach future developments be concentrated around
has also resulted in the following key strategic the City’s transit network in order to maximise
developments: access to transport, which should enable easier
ADDITIONAL STRATEGIC
• Regularisation and the progressive upgrade access to employment opportunities.
INITIATIVES
of all informal settlements – The aim is to
move from a pipeline of comprehensive
upgrade projects to broad-based and
ongoing improvement of services, public
DIRECTORATE STRUCTURE
space as well as tenure to all settlements while
AND FUNCTIONS
households formalise their top structures.
• Increased supply of new housing opportunities
through rental units and subdivisions – The
objective is to encourage and support
the development of second dwellings by
regularising existing backyard dwellings and
PLAN INTEGRATION
LEGISLATION AND
making new, designated areas available for
formal backyard rental units. An additional
focus is to upgrade and formalise existing
backyard dwellings.
• Opening up new areas for housing develop
ment within and adjacent to existing
FUNDING
developed areas of Cape Town – The
emphasis here is on high densities and starter
units that support incremental completion
over an indefinite period. The City will
prioritise the development of ‘super-blocks’
for third-party development or ‘site and
ANNEXURES
service’ offerings for household occupation
while owners build their houses themselves.
INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW 13The IHSF will be realised through the opera Directorate is involved in job creation and skills
Poverty is a root tionalising of a detailed implementation plan development initiatives such as the Expanded
cause of migration driven by the IHSF Steering Committee. This Public Works Programme (EPWP), which
to urban areas such committee is chaired by the City Manager employs local labour for human settlements
as Cape Town, and includes the executive leadership of projects. The People’s Housing Process (PHP),
where households directorates involved in the delivery of in turn, encourages communities to build or
flock to in the hope integrated human settlements. organise the building of their own homes with
of meeting their help from the City or Province’s Department of
economic and Key themes for an Human Settlements.
social needs. integrated plan
This 2016/17 review of the IHS Five-Year Plan Informal living environments are a reality that
continues the four key themes adopted in has to be considered when developing and
the Directorate’s previous plan reviews. Key rolling out improvement plans and initiatives
stakeholders have jointly identified these themes aimed at enhancing the lives of the city’s
as essential to addressing the challenges facing inhabitants. This includes having regard for
the Directorate, the City and, according to the the large number of Capetonians who lives
NDP, the country as a whole. in the backyards of public rental housing and
also requires and deserves basic services
These themes, which are cornerstones of the provision. The IHSF seeks to address these
City’s integrated approach to human settlements, challenges by supporting the acceptance of
are briefly outlined below, but will be evident informality as a means of meeting the City’s
throughout this document. human settlements needs.
Theme 1: Helping to address poverty Theme 2: Innovation and
Poverty is a root cause of migration to urban sustainability
areas such as Cape Town, where households The Directorate developed the IHSF in the
flock to in the hope of meeting their economic latter half of 2013 to guide the future transversal
and social needs. This influx of people, on top management and development of sustainable
of natural population growth, fuels the City’s integrated human settlements. Therefore, the
urbanisation challenge. Against this backdrop, IHSF aims to enable the delivery of significantly
poverty has to be addressed from a holistic more housing opportunities than at present,
perspective in terms of providing for everyone’s with the ultimate goal of settling 652 000 more
livelihood and quality-of-life needs instead of households by 2031.
merely supplying houses.
The IHSF proposals inform a new, innovative,
Closely linked to this is individuals’ need to long-term integrated human settlements plan
provide for themselves. In this regard, the with 2032 as its planning horizon. This plan is
Informal living environments are a reality that has to be considered when developing and rolling out
improvement plans and initiatives aimed at enhancing the lives of the city’s inhabitants.
14 INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEWSETTING THE
SCENE
THE CURRENT REALITY
UNDERSTANDING
MEGA OR CATALYTIC
PROJECTS
LIVING ENVIRONMENTS
IMPROVING EXISTING
LIVING ENVIRONMENTS
CREATING NEW
Investing in green technologies when developing housing projects include the installation of solar
water heaters.
based on the City’s broader human settlements • Mixed-used developments such as
delivery mandate in order to provide holistic Scottsdene, Pelican Park, Happy Valley and
solutions to the key challenges associated Fisantekraal, which offer various categories of
PARTNERING FOR
with rapid urbanisation. The plan will also be housing opportunities. This enables people
IMPROVEMENT
influenced by – and will in turn influence – the from different income categories to be
City’s growth management process, including accommodated in the same project, which
its Built Environment Performance Plan (BEPP). in turn results in truly integrated communities.
• Investing in green technologies when
Below are some examples of the Directorate’s
developing housing projects, including the
ADDITIONAL STRATEGIC
innovative and sustainable thinking:
installation of solar water heaters and the
INITIATIVES
• Investigating modular housing using steel design and orientation of top structures so
containers as an alternative solution. The City as to maximise energy efficiency.
has previously used containers as temporary
• The establishment of a Human Settlements
housing for tenants whose rental units were
call centre as part of a more customer-
being upgraded. Applying this solution for
DIRECTORATE STRUCTURE
centred approach.
permanent housing offers enhanced cost and
AND FUNCTIONS
density benefits. • The acquisition of a satellite-based electronic
device from Trimble that utilises the global
• A tender for innovative design for the
positioning system to measure the position
emergency housing programme, which
(areas and erven) of all structures and record
includes the use of alternative material and
the details of all the occupants of each
construction methods for temporary top
structure. This information is loaded onto the
PLAN INTEGRATION
LEGISLATION AND
structures in emergencies or for preventative
geographic information system, which enables
actions. The first such structures were erected
access to real-time information and contributes
in 2015/16.
to the move towards a paperless environment.
• The re-blocking of informal settlements to
create more living space and enable the City Theme 3: Partnerships
to provide better basic services, recognise Recognising that it cannot achieve its vision on its
tenure, guard against the spread of fires, and own, the Directorate has established several social
FUNDING
provide access for emergency vehicles. and gap housing partnerships, and continues
• The planned construction of additional to seek opportunities to foster additional
community residential units (CRUs) that relationships and collaborations to enhance and
offer accommodation for more residents, in improve its services to the community.
support of the City’s densification initiatives.
These rental units are multi-storey, which Fostering partnerships is also one of the key
ANNEXURES
utilises less land and maximises the utilisation requirements for the IHSF to achieve the
of available services and infrastructure. Directorate’s medium-term to long-term goals.
INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW 15Khayelitsha Smart Park, one of three smart parks aiming to provide for inclusivity, social interaction and the integration of
communities.
This suggests that the Directorate must form Intergovernmental relations are vital, as the
partnerships with existing households as well various spheres of government are required to
as the private sector to deliver a significant work together to realise the vision of a Cape Town
portion of the housing needed. in which all are cared for and able to prosper.
Although relationships have been fostered with
In addition, the Directorate works closely with various spheres of governments and government
the Informal Settlements Network (ISN) and departments, there is room for improvement.
the Community Organisation Resource Centre
(CORC). These organisations provide expertise Internal relationships are equally important,
and assistance in funding or sponsoring the re- and the Directorate relies on the City’s various
blocking of informal settlements. service departments to contribute both directly
and indirectly to the success of its endeavours.
Partnerships have also been formed with the
Violence Prevention through Urban Upgrading Moreover, community-based partnerships are
(VPUU) programme and the National Planning continuously being formed and nurtured, and
Commission in order to better address informal are particularly important in the establishment
settlements’ needs by providing both soft and of the envisaged multi-storey rental units. The
hard services. Soft services revolve around community-based committees that emerge
people and entail engaging with residents from these partnerships help the City manage
to understand their needs and produce a local living environments and ensure that all
community action plan based on themes such as tenants meet lease conditions. These are called
gender equity and early childhood development. community residential unit (CRU) committees,
Hard services relate to infrastructure upgrades, which are established and run in accordance
including serviced sites (owned by beneficiaries) with a newly approved, specially developed
and the appropriate social development facilities. policy. A number of CRU committees have
Therefore, the Directorate creates an enabling already been established in various areas and
environment for other line departments to render opportunities to establish more in other areas
their social services. are being pursued.
16 INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEWSETTING THE
SCENE
The Directorate will continue to pursue These projects are:
partnerships with social housing institutions to • The Southern Corridor Sustainable Neigh
help manage the City’s rental housing stock. bourhoods
Theme 4: Transforming the • The North Eastern Corridor Public Private
THE CURRENT REALITY
UNDERSTANDING
Directorate’s turnaround strategy into Partnership
a new approach to housing needs • The Voortrekker Integration Zone Social
To successfully move from mere housing delivery Housing
to creating integrated, sustainable human settle
ments, a comprehensive turnaround strategy was The catalytic Projects will be implemented
implemented in 2013. This strategy has now been through the transversal approach specified in
MEGA OR CATALYTIC
revisited and has culminated in the IHSF. This, the IHSF Implementation Plan
PROJECTS
together with anticipated level-3 accreditation,
Various funding instruments are being applied
will enable the City to accelerate the provision
in order to ensure that the turnaround strategy
of housing opportunities to meet the growing
and diverse needs of the City’s poorest is executed. These include the full range of
LIVING ENVIRONMENTS
existing national housing programmes, along
IMPROVING EXISTING
communities. Following 18 months of in-depth
research and stakeholder engagement, a with national grant funding such as the Urban
comprehensive implementation roadmap has Settlements Development Grant (USDG),
been finalised. Human Settlements Development Grant
(HSDG) and the City’s own funds.
Also as part of the turnaround strategy, the
LIVING ENVIRONMENTS
Directorate has identified three Catalytic In addition, the roll-out of the project portfolio
CREATING NEW
Projects as part of a National Department of management (PPM) system will support transversal
Human Settlements initiative to transform pre- planning of the project pipeline and enhance
1994 spatial planning areas across the country. project management and monitoring systems.
PARTNERING FOR
IMPROVEMENT
ADDITIONAL STRATEGIC
INITIATIVES
DIRECTORATE STRUCTURE
AND FUNCTIONS
PLAN INTEGRATION
LEGISLATION AND
FUNDING
ANNEXURES
INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW 17Understanding
the current
reality
Urbanisation and the need to manage
a growing Cape Town 20
The challenge of providing services to
a growing population 21
Mitigating delivery challenges 23
18 INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW2016/17 REVIEW
INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
19
ANNEXURES FUNDING LEGISLATION AND DIRECTORATE STRUCTURE ADDITIONAL STRATEGIC PARTNERING FOR CREATING NEW IMPROVING EXISTING MEGA OR CATALYTIC UNDERSTANDING SETTING THE
PLAN INTEGRATION AND FUNCTIONS INITIATIVES IMPROVEMENT LIVING ENVIRONMENTS LIVING ENVIRONMENTS PROJECTS THE CURRENT REALITY SCENEIf properly
The NDP recognises that despite South Africa’s Urbanisation and the need
reasonably balanced spatial structure, it has to manage a growing
managed,
dysfunctional and inequitable settlement
urbanisation can Cape Town
patterns. High fragmentation of towns and
offer opportunities Urbanisation continues unabated across most
cities increases costs to both households and
for growth, social regions in Africa, South America and Asia,
the economy.
inclusion and posing numerous challenges to the cities
the building With 85% of South Africa’s economic activity in which it occurs. Cape Town is not only the
of sustainable generated in urban areas, the majority of largest city in the Western Cape, but also the
communities second fastest-growing city in South Africa.
South Africa’s population reside in towns and
and human This growth has a massive impact on the current
cities. This means that the emphasis must be
settlements. infrastructure as well as the socio-economic,
on location-specific approaches, as each area
cultural and environmental structures of the
presents distinct challenges and opportunities,
city and region, and will continue to shape the
rendering a one-size-fits-all approach inappro
future sustainability of the province and city
priate. Many of the challenges are not a result
well into the future.
of a lack of policy, but are rather due to a
shortage of institutional capacity and strong As urbanisation is inevitable, it requires a pro
implementation mechanisms. active and sustainable response, along with
the capacity and capability to address the
Although South Africa has a slower urbanisation challenges and opportunities that urbanisa
rate than the rest of Africa, the country is tion presents. Creative and innovative ways of
expected to have an additional 7,8 million city addressing challenges need to be explored,
dwellers by 2030, and another six million by which will include learning through doing.
2050. This will place significant added strain One of these innovations is the improved re-
on municipal service delivery and will likely blocking model for informal settlements, which
be exacerbated by the fact that the majority of includes flooding mitigation platforms and
these new urban residents will be poor. applying fire-retardant paint to structures.
Cape Town is the second fastest-growing city in South Africa and urbanisation is inevitable.
20 INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEWSETTING THE
SCENE
THE CURRENT REALITY
UNDERSTANDING
MEGA OR CATALYTIC
PROJECTS
LIVING ENVIRONMENTS
IMPROVING EXISTING
The City has to be creative and innovative in addressing the challenges residents in informal
settlements face. Painting structures with fire-retardant paint slows down the spread of fire and will
give residents more time to escape harm.
Experience has shown that engineering solutions take place at a city and regional level as well as
alone do not effectively address urbanisation. in other spheres of government, business and
LIVING ENVIRONMENTS
Instead, there is an urgent need to approach urban communities.
CREATING NEW
planning and development differently in order to
deliver sustainable human settlements that include To meet the challenges of urbanisation, the
access to essential services, healthcare, education, City will need to redistribute its finances in
recreation and employment. With this in mind, order to provide universal access to essential
the City has prepared new directives for human services, even to its poorest citizens who do
PARTNERING FOR
IMPROVEMENT
settlements design and is contributing to the not have a regular income. This will facilitate
review of national guidelines and standards. access to other opportunities as well, such as
Such an integrated approach will also attract well-located serviced land, amenities and jobs.
local and foreign investment, creating a
virtuous cycle of development and investment The challenge of providing
services to a growing
ADDITIONAL STRATEGIC
that will sustain efforts to afford all Capetonians
the opportunity to live the lives they desire.
population
INITIATIVES
All spheres of government also need to Determining accurate population statistics and
recognise from the outset that this is not predicting the future growth trajectories of
a challenge that can be addressed by an Cape Town’s population remain a challenge.
DIRECTORATE STRUCTURE
individual department or directorate. What
AND FUNCTIONS
is needed is strong collaboration among As table 1.1 shows, Cape Town’s population
local, provincial and national government grew from 2,6 million in 1996 to approximately
departments as well as between the public and 3,7 million in 2011.
private sector.
Table 1.1: Census 1996 – 2011
In its quest to provide sustainable integrated Year Population of Number of
PLAN INTEGRATION
LEGISLATION AND
human settlements, the City must first have Cape Town households
a clear view of the current state of affairs, 1996 2 563 000 653 000
particularly the current population growth rate.
2001 2 893 000 777 393
Then, it must have the will and means to attract
investment, grow entrepreneurs and respond 2011 3 740 000 1 069 000
to the challenges of a growing citizenry through Source: Stats SA Census data
practical and achievable models for city
FUNDING
Note: Numbers rounded off to the nearest 1 000.
regeneration, development and sustainability.
If properly managed, urbanisation can offer At present, the population projection
opportunities for growth, social inclusion and conducted in 2014 provides the best estimate
the building of sustainable communities and of Cape Town’s population growth up to 2040.
human settlements. Therefore, the City needs This indicates that in the 25 years from 2015 to
ANNEXURES
to comprehensively and cooperatively plan for 2040, Cape Town’s population will grow from
the impact of urbanisation. This planning must 3,9 million to 4,6 million.
INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW 21backlog is around 345 000 households, of
Table 1.2: Future Cape Town population
growth as projected in 2014 whom 143 823 are in informal settlements,
74 957 in backyard shacks, and 44 581 in
Year Projected Population overcrowded formal housing. While it is vital
2015 3 928 148 to verify and reconcile this discrepancy, it is
important to recognise that part of it can be
2016 3 972 237
ascribed to different methodologies used.
2017 4 014 765 Considering that existing backlogs and
2018 4 055 579 dysfunctions have not yet been adequately
2019 4 094 583 resolved and that future projections are based
2020 4 131 720 on estimated population growth trajectories, it
2021 4 166 999 is difficult to make informed decisions regarding
urbanisation management. The challenge of
2022 4 200 486
divergent datasets is exacerbated by poor
2023 4 232 273 understanding of the nature of demographic
2024 4 262 491 growth and change in Cape Town and in the
2025 4 291 308 surrounding municipal areas. In short, the
2026 4 318 900 socio-economic profile of the future Cape
2027 4 345 432 Town population is unknown, as is the impact
of future demographic growth.
2028 4 371 061
2029 4 395 927 What is certain, however, is that the new
2030 4 420 145 households formed as a result of both natural
2031 4 443 806 growth and in-migration will be across a broad
spectrum of socio-economic groups. According
2032 4 466 974
to Census data, 94,5% of the population are
2033 4 489 685 below 65 years of age, 69,7% are between 15
2034 4 511 947 and 64, and 5,5% are older than 64. To add
2035 4 533 752 to the challenges associated with continued
2036 4 555 074 population growth, some 24,9% of the City’s
2037 4 575 854 working-age population are unemployed, while
74,5% of households have a monthly income of
2038 4 596 023
less than R12 800. Moreover, only 46% of Cape
2039 4 615 503 Town residents aged 20 years and older hold
2040 4 634 202 Grade 12 or a higher qualification.
Source: 2014 population projections by From 2001 to 2011, Cape Town’s population
Province and the City
increased by 29%. The composition of the
population also changed: The black African
As on 22 December 2015, there were a total population increased by 58%, the coloured
of 303 953 housing applications registered on population grew by 14%, the Asian population
the City’s housing database. However, statistics expanded by 25% (from a low base) and the
from Census 2011 indicate that the housing white population group increased by 8%.
Table 1.3: Cape Town monthly household income in 2011
Black African Coloured Asian White Other Total
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
No R1 R1 601 R3 201 R6 401 R12 801 R25 601 R51 201 R102 401
income to to to to to to to or
R1 600 R3 200 R6 400 R12 800 R25 600 R51 200 R102 400 more
Source: Stats SA-Census 2011
22 INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEWSETTING THE
SCENE
Table 1.4: Breakdown of household income in Cape Town in 2011
Cape Town annual Cape Town monthly Black
household income household income African Coloured Asian White Other Total
THE CURRENT REALITY
No income No income 85 427 37 399 1 542 19 522 2 627 146 517
UNDERSTANDING
R1 – R4 800 R1 – R400 23 039 5 051 91 877 315 29 373
R4 801 – R9 600 R401 – R800 30 652 9 643 161 1 267 695 42 418
R9 601 – R19 200 R801 – R1 600 67 109 38 410 713 5 301 1 744 113 277
R19 201 – R38 400 R1 601 – R3 200 102 325 55 849 966 8 633 3 051 170 824
MEGA OR CATALYTIC
R38 401 – R76 800 R3 201 – R6 400 64 708 66 488 1 459 18 853 2 919 154 427
PROJECTS
R76 801 – R153 600 R6 401 – R12 800 35 420 62 286 2 149 37 117 2 376 139 348
R153 601 – R307 200 R12 801 – R25 600 20 520 47 952 2 852 53 255 2 046 126 625
R307 201 – R614 400 R25 601 – R51 200 10 835 26 390 2 564 51 619 1 452 92 860
R614 401 – R1 228 800 R51 201 – R102 400 3 122 6 889 1 240 26 190 577 38 018
LIVING ENVIRONMENTS
IMPROVING EXISTING
R1 228 801 – R2 457 600 R102 401 – R204 800 970 1 425 336 6 851 166 9 748
R2 457 601 or more R204 801 or more 645 832 187 3 300 102 5 066
Unspecified Unspecified 9 15 6 41 2 73
Total Total 444 781 358 629 14 266 232 826 18 072 1 068 574
LIVING ENVIRONMENTS
CREATING NEW
Table 1.5: Growth in population and households based on population group
2001 2011
2001 – 2011
Cape Town population group Number % Number % (10 years % change)
Black African 916 584 31,7 1 444 939 38,6 57,6
Coloured 1 392 594 48,1 1 585 286 42,4 13,8
PARTNERING FOR
IMPROVEMENT
Asian 41 516 1,4 51 786 1,4 24,7
White 542 555 18,8 585 831 15,7 8
Other 0 0 72 184 1,9
Total 2 893 249 100 3 740 026 100 29,3
ADDITIONAL STRATEGIC
INITIATIVES
Mitigating delivery challenges priority for the Human Settlements Directorate
in partnership with other City directorates and
The future growth of the Cape Town population
business units. Some of the service delivery
will place continued and increasing strain on
challenges and attempts to address them are
City resources and infrastructure, and needs to
outlined below:
DIRECTORATE STRUCTURE
be understood in the context of existing urban
AND FUNCTIONS
conditions. Based on Census 2011, an estimated Informal settlements
20,5% of households live in informal dwellings,
Some 20,5% of Cape Town’s population
of which 7% live in informal backyard structures
currently live in informal housing. The City
and 13,5% in informal settlements. Worryingly,
some 8,4% of households lack access to is committed to providing and maintaining
adequate sanitation. The Census results show services to informal settlement areas in line with
PLAN INTEGRATION
LEGISLATION AND
that 87% of Cape Town households have access the national guideline levels, which include one
to piped water, either inside their dwelling or in tap per 25 families within 200 m, a minimum
their yard, while 88% of households have access of one toilet per five families, and weekly
to a flush toilet connected to the public sewer refuse removal. Where possible, the City also
system. A total of 94% of the city’s households exceeds these national levels. In addition, the
use electricity for their lighting needs, and 94% City ensures effective greywater disposal and
of households have their refuse removed at stormwater runoff as part of raising informal
FUNDING
least once a week. settlement communities’ standards of living.
Where the City cannot achieve the minimum
Other surveys undertaken by the City of
Cape Town have revealed that the growing service levels due to encumbrances beyond
population also requires the municipality to its control (such as waterlogged or privately
give priority attention to how it deals with owned land, or settlements that are too densely
populated to allow service access), the informal
ANNEXURES
crime, poverty and joblessness – all of which
demands a highly integrated approach. The settlements must be reconfigured through re-
provision of services to all Capetonians is a top blocking or other de-densification initiatives.
INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW 23To achieve the service delivery objectives and development must be encouraged through
above, each informal settlement needs to be ready access to information on City growth
allocated an underlying upgrade layout as paths, zoning and infrastructure upgrades or
part of the Upgrading of Informal Settlements developments.
Programme (UISP), which will inform and
ultimately drive tenure and sustainable Greening
formal development, while ensuring access All new construction undertakings, upgrades
to education, health, business development, or redevelopments must take place within
sport and recreation, and policing. An internal an overarching environmental sustainability
costing study revealed that the upgrade of all framework. The framework is designed to
existing informal settlements, which comprise preserve fauna and flora, protect waterways,
191 590 households, would cost R19 billion save energy and water, and promote air quality.
based on 1:1 service delivery and would
require 1 828 ha of land as well as bulk and Retrofitting
internal services. This cost excludes structures, Prior to 2005, houses built under the Recon-
amenities and operating costs. struction and Development Programme (RDP)
were not fitted with ceilings, as there was no
Backyarders legal requirement to do so. However, a house
Cape Town citizens residing in informal without an insulated ceiling is not fully protected
structures on City rental properties must from harsh weather. In an attempt to raise indoor
receive access to the same services as those temperature, many of these households turn to
afforded to residents of informal settlements. unsafe heating methods – either involving fossil
The City is also looking at measures to extend fuels (wood, paraffin) or electricity – which often
the same services to backyarders in private result in fire accidents and respiratory infections.
residences.
For this reason, the government-funded housing
New housing opportunities subsidy was increased in 2005 to allow for the
‘Site and service’ (UISP) or Integrated Residential installation of ceilings and related weather-
Development Programme (IRDP) opportunities proofing technologies. This not only applied
must be made available and accessible so that to future housing projects, but could also be
those citizens who have the necessary means used retrospectively to retrofit the pre-2005 RDP
can construct their own informal, modular or houses with ceilings. The insulated ceilings gave
brick-and-mortar structures. occupants cooler homes in summer and warmer
homes in the cold and wet Cape Town winter,
The Financed Linked Individual Subsidy which increased their quality of life, improved
Programme (FLISP), which is administered by indoor air quality and energy efficiency, lowered
Province’s Department of Human Settlements,
energy costs, and provided skills development
must also be promoted and made available
and local employment opportunities to boot.
to households earning between R3 501 and
R15 000 per month in order to purchase a An estimated 40 000 Cape Town RDP homes that
serviced site or bonded house. predate 2005 still lack ceilings. In 2015, the City
managed to secure funding and appoint a service
Densification provider for the retrofitting of 8 000 of these.
Any brick-and-mortar structures that the City
provides must be at least double-storey or Rental housing
semi-detached constructions for maximum As a primary provider of rental housing for the
densification. Vacant land inside the urban people of Cape Town, the City’s social housing
edge also needs to be utilised more efficiently function faces additional challenges specific to
through infill initiatives, the release of unused this role, including:
land owned by other state departments, and
• a shortage of trained and skilled staff;
mixed-use retail and residential development
along key development nodes and transport • limited budget to recruit rental unit
corridors. Where such urban-edge develop maintenance staff;
ment is not immediately possible, the land • insufficient budget to carry out required
needs to be banked for future use. repairs and maintenance;
• unlawful occupation of rental units;
These densification initiatives will play an
increasingly vital role in realising the City’s • s ubletting by tenants, often accompanied
human settlements objective, but will require by exorbitant rentals;
partnerships. Therefore, private investment • overcrowding;
24 INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEWSETTING THE
SCENE
THE CURRENT REALITY
UNDERSTANDING
MEGA OR CATALYTIC
PROJECTS
LIVING ENVIRONMENTS
IMPROVING EXISTING
LIVING ENVIRONMENTS
CREATING NEW
PARTNERING FOR
IMPROVEMENT
ADDITIONAL STRATEGIC
INITIATIVES
Cape Town citizens residing in informal structures on City rental properties must receive access to
the same services as those afforded to residents of informal settlements.
DIRECTORATE STRUCTURE
AND FUNCTIONS
• significant increase in backyard structures,
a • insufficient human and financial resources;
the occupants of which require essential • a shortage of professional skills; and
basic municipal services;
• c ollaborative planning to align housing
• nacceptably high levels of payment default
u provision with city growth options, bulk
by tenants of City-owned properties; and
services and transport.
PLAN INTEGRATION
• igh levels of antisocial behaviour, gangsterism
h
LEGISLATION AND
and abuse of facilities. This Integrated Human Settlements Five-Year
Plan takes account of these challenges, along
Other challenges with the continued shortage of trained and skilled
The human settlements environment faces staff, to realistically inform the Directorate’s
numerous other challenges, some of which can efforts to enhance existing living environments,
be addressed in the short term. However, many explore new housing possibilities and effectively
require a longer-term approach, including:
FUNDING
address the challenges of urbanisation – all in
• the availability of, and access to, suitable pursuit of sustainable housing opportunities for
and well-located land for integrated human every resident of Cape Town.
settlements;
• hostile and volatile environments that pose
a risk to development implementation and
ANNEXURES
staff safety;
INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW 25Catalytic
projects
A targeted and sustainable approach to
optimising settlement patterns 28
Catalytic project 1: Southern corridor
sustainable neighbourhoods 28
Catalytic project 2: North-eastern corridor
public-private partnership 29
Catalytic project 3: Voortrekker Road
corridor integration zone 29
26 INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEW2016/17 REVIEW
INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
27
ANNEXURES FUNDING LEGISLATION AND DIRECTORATE STRUCTURE ADDITIONAL STRATEGIC PARTNERING FOR CREATING NEW IMPROVING EXISTING MEGA OR CATALYTIC UNDERSTANDING SETTING THE
PLAN INTEGRATION AND FUNCTIONS INITIATIVES IMPROVEMENT LIVING ENVIRONMENTS LIVING ENVIRONMENTS PROJECTS THE CURRENT REALITY SCENEA targeted and sustainable • rioritise, target and focus resources (financial
p
and other) in the human settlements sector
approach to optimising towards scale delivery;
settlement patterns • mobilise intergovernmental support, coordi-
In 2014, the national Minister of Human nation and alignment;
Settlements announced government’s aim to • affect and integrate the spatial environment
implement 50 so-called megaprojects/catalytic as envisaged by the City of Cape Town spatial
projects across the country from 2014/15 to plan;
2018/19. The main objective of these projects is • support and encourage government and
to deliberately restructure and optimise human private-sector collaboration and integration;
settlement patterns in the country, while having and
a positive effect on the environment. • promote job creation, especially among the
youth located in the project areas.
The City supports this initiative and therefore
considered the following key criteria as set out by The following megaproject/catalytic project
the National Department of Human Settlements profiles, together with a supporting letter from
and the Housing Development Agency to identify Province’s Department of Human Settlements,
four megaprojects/catalytic projects that are best were subsequently submitted to the National
suited to achieve national government’s objective, Department of Human Settlements, and the City
namely to: is still awaiting the outcome of their assessment.
Catalytic project 1:
Southern corridor sustainable neighbourhoods
This project focuses on upgrading the living conditions in 27 informal settlements
located close to the N2. Every one of these informal settlements currently has
access to basic services within the constraints it presents (including densities and
land ownership). The City has prepared a development matrix that considers all
informal settlements for either in-situ or greenfield development (or a combination
of the two) based on the various risks of the individual settlements.
The project, with its three sub-programmes of N2 Gateway, in-situ upgrades and
mixed-use greenfield developments, primarily aims to:
• b
uild inclusive, vibrant neighbourhoods where residents have a strong sense
of belonging and community and enjoy good access to the city’s resources;
• create healthy, safe living environments;
• e
nhance households’ participation in the economy through improved health
and access to infrastructure and services; and
• reduce the negative environmental impacts associated with informal settlements.
Together, the following projects will contribute about 51 400 housing opportunities
and also create more than 17 100 jobs:
7de Laan, Valhalla Park France Monwood
8ste Laan, Valhalla Park Greenfields Phola Park, Gugulethu
Lotus Park Green Point Pholile Park
Lusaka Gxagxa SANRAL reserve
Barcelona Joe Slovo Solly’s Town
BM Section Kat se Kamp Sweet Home Farm
Boy's Town Kosovo Vukuzenzela
Chris Hani Park (Macassar) Kanana Wag ’n Bietjie
Europe Macassar Village
28 INTEGRATED HUMAN SETTLEMENT Five-year PLAN
2016/17 REVIEWYou can also read
