Diabetes in Saskatchewan Backgrounder
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Diabetes in Saskatchewan
Backgrounder
diabetes.ca|1-800-BANTING (226-8464)Summary: This backgrounder provides key statistics about diabetes in Saskatchewan, the
impact of diabetes on the population of Saskatchewan, and Diabetes Canada’s
recommendations to the Government of Saskatchewan to address diabetes prevention
and management.
Publication Date: January 2021
Report Length: 5 Pages
Cite As: Diabetes in Saskatchewan: Backgrounder. Ottawa: Diabetes Canada; 2021.
About Diabetes Canada: Diabetes Canada is a national health charity representing close
to 11.5 million Canadians living with diabetes or prediabetes. Diabetes Canada leads the
fight against diabetes by helping those affected by diabetes live healthy lives, preventing
the onset and consequences of diabetes, and discovering a cure. It has a heritage of
excellence and leadership, and its co-founder, Dr. Charles Best, along with Dr. Frederick
Banting, is credited with the co-discovery of insulin. Diabetes Canada is supported in its
efforts by a community-based network of volunteers, employees, health care
professionals, researchers, and partners. By providing education and services, advocating
on behalf of people living with diabetes, supporting research, and translating research
into practical applications, Diabetes Canada is delivering on its mission. Diabetes Canada
will continue to change the world for those affected by diabetes through healthier
communities, exceptional care, and high-impact research.
For more information, please visit: www.diabetes.ca
Contact: advocacy@diabetes.ca with inquiries about this Diabetes Canada report.
diabetes.ca|1-800-BANTING (226-8464)Estimated Prevalence and Cost of Diabetes
Prevalence (1) 2021 2031
Diabetes (type 1 and type 2 diagnosed) 109,000 / 9% 142,000 / 10%
Diabetes (type 1) 5-10% of diabetes prevalence
Diabetes (type 1 + type 2 diagnosed + type 2
327,000 / 26% 395,000 / 29%
undiagnosed) and prediabetes combined
Increase in diabetes (type 1 and type 2 diagnosed),
30%
2021-2031
Direct cost to the health care system $108 million $137 million
Out-of-pocket cost per year (2)
Type 1 diabetes on multiple daily insulin injections $700–$2,700
Type 1 diabetes on insulin pump therapy $700–$6,200
Type 2 diabetes on oral medication $900–$1,900
Impact of Diabetes • Diabetes contributes to (5):
30% of strokes
• Among the population of Saskatchewan (1):
Leading cause of
o 26% live with diabetes or prediabetes blindness
and
40% of heart
o 9% live with diagnosed diabetes.
attacks
• Diabetes complications are associated with
premature death (3). Diabetes can reduce 50% of kidney
lifespan by five to 15 years (3). It is failure requiring
estimated that the all-cause mortality rate dialysis
among Canadians living with diabetes is
twice as high as the all-cause mortality rate 70% of all non-
for those without diabetes (4). traumatic leg and
foot amputations
• People with diabetes are over three times
more likely to be hospitalized with
• The prevalence of clinically relevant
cardiovascular disease, 12 times more likely
depressive symptoms among people living
to be hospitalized with end-stage renal
with diabetes is approximately 30% (6).
disease, and almost 20 times more likely to
Individuals with depression have a 40% –
be hospitalized for a non-traumatic lower
60% increased risk of developing type 2
limb amputation compared to the general
diabetes (6).
population (3).
diabetes.ca|1• Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of • For many Canadians with diabetes,
vision loss in people of working age (7). adherence to treatment is affected by cost.
Vision loss is associated with increased falls, The majority of Canadians with diabetes pay
hip fractures, and a 4-fold increase in more than 3% of their income or over
mortality (7). The prevalence of diabetic $1,500 per year for prescribed medications,
retinopathy is approximately 25.1% in devices, and supplies out-of-pocket (2,14).
Canada (8). • Among Canadians with type 2 diabetes, 33%
• Foot ulceration affects an estimated 15%– do not feel comfortable disclosing their
25% of people with diabetes in their lifetime disease to others (2).
(9). One-third of amputations in 2011–2012 • Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and
were performed on people reporting a hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) may affect
diabetic foot wound (10). mood and behaviour and can lead to
• The risk factors for type 1 diabetes are not emergency situations if left untreated (11).
well understood, but interaction between
genetic and environmental factors are likely Policy, Programs, and Services Related to
involved (11). Type 2 diabetes is caused by a
Diabetes
combination of individual, social,
environmental, and genetic factors (11).
• A commitment was made during Election
o Certain populations are at higher risk of
2020 by the incoming government to
developing type 2 diabetes, such as
remove the age restriction from the insulin
those of African, Arab, Asian, Hispanic,
pump program as well as provide coverage
Indigenous, or South Asian descent,
for continuous glucose monitors (CGM) for
those who are older, have a lower level
children under the age of 18 who are insulin
of income or education, are physically
dependent.
inactive, or are living with overweight or
• In May 2020, the Saskatchewan Ministry of
obesity (11).
Education released the Policy
o Diabetes rates are 9.6 times higher in
Statement: Supporting Students with
First Nations People off reserve and 8.6
Potentially Life-Threatening Medical
times higher in Métis than in the non-
Conditions (e.g., allergies, asthma, diabetes,
Indigenous population, a situation
epilepsy) in Saskatchewan Schools.
compounded by barriers to care for
• In February 2019, in response to current
Indigenous peoples (12,13).
evidence, Saskatchewan made available
o The prevalence of diabetes among
empagliflozin, an SGLT-2 inhibitor, as
adults in the lowest income groups is
additional therapy for individuals with type 2
5.6 times that of adults in the highest
diabetes and clinical cardiovascular disease
income group (13). who have inadequate glycemic control
o Adults who have not completed high
despite existing pharmacotherapy.
school have a diabetes prevalence 3.4 • The Government of Saskatchewan
times that of adults with a university introduced changes in 2015 to reduce public
education (13). coverage of blood glucose test strips. Within
diabetes.ca |2the new test strips policy, the maximum o Approximately 11.5% of people in
number of test strips reimbursed is similar to Saskatchewan self-identify as being of
Diabetes Canada’s minimum recommended African, Arab, Asian, Hispanic, or South
test strip usage guidelines. Asian descent (15). These groups are at
• In 2015, the government announced funding increased risk of developing type 2
to support a pediatric endocrinology and diabetes (11).
diabetes program, adding a second pediatric o There are 175,015 Indigenous Peoples
endocrinologist and more support positions in Saskatchewan, who face significantly
for the pediatric diabetes team. higher rates of diabetes and adverse
• In January 2012, the Government of health consequences than the overall
Saskatchewan announced expansion of the population (17).
insulin pump program to include all • Saskatchewan has high rates of individual-
individuals with type 1 diabetes under the level modifiable risk factors (18):
age of 26. o 47.3% of adults and 45.7% of youth are
• The Saskatchewan Children’s and Seniors’ physically inactive;
Drug Plans are available to children aged 14 o 33.3% of adults are living with
and younger and eligible seniors aged 65 overweight, 34.8% of adults are living
and older, who pay $25 per prescription for with obesity, and 33.4% of youth are
drugs on the Saskatchewan Formulary and living with overweight or obesity;
those approved under Exception Drug o 74% of adults are not eating enough
Status. fruits and vegetables; and
o 20.1% of adults are current tobacco
Challenges smokers.
• Factors related to the social determinants of
health and that can influence the rate of
Saskatchewan faces unique challenges in
individual-level modifiable risk factors
preventing type 2 diabetes and meeting the
include income, education, food security, the
needs of those living with diabetes:
built environment, social support, and access
• Non-modifiable risk factors of type 2
to health care (3).
diabetes include age, sex, and ethnicity (11).
o Saskatchewan has a large rural
o The median age in Saskatchewan is 37.8
population. For people with diabetes,
years (15). 15.5% of people in
accessing care is more challenging in
Saskatchewan are over 65 years old (15).
rural areas across Canada than in urban
The risk of developing type 2 diabetes
areas (19).
increases with age (11). Older adults
living with diabetes are more likely to be
frail and progressive frailty has been
associated with reduced function and
increased mortality (16).
o Adult men are more at risk of type 2
diabetes compared to adult women (11).
diabetes.ca |3Diabetes Canada’s Recommendations to 3. Diabetes in Canada: Facts and figures from a
the Government of Saskatchewan public health perspective [Internet]. Ottawa:
Public Health Agency of Canada; 2011 p.
126. Available from:
1. Launch a provincial diabetes strategy that
https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/phac-
aligns with Diabetes 360°, and support a
aspc/migration/phac-aspc/cd-
nation-wide D360˚ strategy.
mc/publications/diabetes-diabete/facts-
2. Enhance access to diabetes medications,
figures-faits-chiffres-2011/pdf/facts-figures-
devices, and supplies.
faits-chiffres-eng.pdf
• Publicly fund advanced glucose
4. Twenty Years of Diabetes surveillance using
monitoring devices (CGM and Flash)
the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance
for citizens with diabetes who would
System [Internet]. Ottawa: Public Health
benefit.
Agency of Canada; 2019 Nov. Available
• Remove the age barrier on the
from:
insulin pump program.
https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/phac-
3. Expand services and supports to promote
aspc/documents/services/publications/disea
limb preservation for citizens living with
ses-conditions/twenty-years-of-
diabetes. diabetes/64-03-19-2467-Diabetes-
Infographic-EN-11.pdf
5. Hux J, Booth J, Slaughter P, Laupacis A.
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