Diabetes Current Awareness Bulletin - February 2021 - Royal United Hospitals ...
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Diabetes
Current Awareness Bulletin
February 2021
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Title: Adverse outcomes in COVID-19 and diabetes: a retrospective cohort study from three
London teaching hospitals
Citation: BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care 2021;9:e001858
Author(s): Izzi-Engbeaya C.
Introduction: Patients with diabetes mellitus admitted to hospital with COVID-19 have poorer
outcomes. However, the drivers of poorer outcomes are not fully elucidated. We performed detailed
characterization of patients with COVID-19 to determine the clinical and biochemical factors that may
be drivers of poorer outcomes.
Freely available online
Title: Are diabetes-related factors associated with the social roles of elderly patients with
diabetes?
Citation: Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 2021, 35(1), Article 107759.
Author(s): Ida S.
Aims: To identify factors associated with social roles, including glycemic parameters, diabetic
complications, and diabetes treatment, in elderly patients with diabetes.
2Title: Association of the Diabetes Health Plan with emergency room and inpatient hospital
utilization: a Natural Experiment for Translation in Diabetes (NEXT-D) Study
Citation: BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care 2021;9:e001802
Author(s): Moin T.
Introduction: To examine the association of a novel disease-specific health plan, known as the
Diabetes Health Plan (DHP), with emergency room (ER) and hospital utilization among patients with
diabetes and pre-diabetes.
Freely available online
Title: Cardiometabolic vigilance in COVID-19 and resource husbandry in resource-challenged
times: Clinical practice- based expert opinion
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):55-62.
Author(s): Das AK.
Background and Aims: The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly
evolving, thereby posing a profound challenge to the global healthcare system. Cardiometabolic
disorders are associated with poor clinical outcomes in persons with COVID-19. Healthcare
challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic are linked to resource constraints including shortage of
Personal Protective Equipment’s (PPE), laboratory tests and medication. In this context, a group of
clinical experts discussed the endocrine and cardiology vigilance required in times of COVID-19.
Further, the group proposed certain resource husbandry recommendations to be followed during the
pandemic to overcome the constraints.
Title: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 infected diabetic patients admitted in
ICUs of the southern region of Bangladesh
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):229-235.
Author(s): Saha A.
Background and Aims: Diabetes mellitus is highly prevalent among critical cases of coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) with poor outcomes. This study aimed to describe the clinical
characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with diabetes, admitted in the intensive care unit
(ICU) of the southern region of Bangladesh.
Title: Clinical characteristics and short-term prognosis of in-patients with diabetes and COVID-
19: A retrospective study from an academic center in Belgium
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):149-157.
Author(s): Orioli L.
Background and Aims: We describe the characteristics and short-term prognosis of in-patients with
diabetes and COVID-19 admitted to a Belgian academic care center.
3Title: COVID-19 associated with diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases led to a global
health crisis
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108587.
Author(s): Barone MTU.
Abstract: COVID-19 has gravely threatened high-risk populations, such as people with diabetes and
other noncommunicable diseases, leading to disproportionate hospitalizations and deaths worldwide.
It is well documented from previous outbreaks that diabetes increases the risk for poor outcomes due
to SARS infection. In the present review, we bring evidence that the country and global level health
crisis caused by COVID-19 could have been avoided or extremely minimized if measures to protect
high-risk populations were implemented timely. In addition to general lockdowns, testing, tracing,
isolation and hygiene measures, other specific interventions for diabetes and comorbidities
management were shown crucial to allow the continuation of care services during the pandemic.
These interventions included: teleconsultation, digital remote education andmonitoring, e-
prescriptions, medicine delivery options, mobile clinics, and home point-of-care tests. In conclusion,
we recommend prompt actions to protect the most vulnerable groups, valuing knowledge and
experiences from previous outbreaks and lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to
shield communities, health systems and the global economy.
Title: Diabetes and Bone Fragility
Citation: Diabetes Therapy 2021, 12(1):71-86.
Author(s): Romero-Díaz C.
Abstract: Diabetes is a highly prevalent disease with complications that impact most bodily systems.
However, the impact of diabetes on bone health is frequently ignored or underestimated. Both type 1
(T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with a higher risk of fractures, albeit through different
mechanisms. T1D is characterized by near total insulinopenia, which affects the anabolic tone of bone
and results in reduced bone mineral density (BMD). Meanwhile, patients with T2D have normal or
high BMD, but carry an increased risk of fractures due to alterations of bone microarchitecture and a
local humoral environment that stimulates osteoclast activity. Chronic hyperglycemia induces non-
enzymatic glycation of collagen in both types of diabetes. Epidemiological evidence confirms a largely
increased fracture risk in T1D and T2D, but also that it can be substantially reduced by opportune
monitoring of fracture risk and appropriate treatment of both diabetes itself and osteopenia or
osteoporosis if they are present. In this review, we summarize the mechanistic, epidemiological, and
clinical evidence that links diabetes and bone fragility, and describe the impact of available diabetes
treatments on bone health.
Freely available online
Title: Glycemic parameters in patients with new-onset diabetes during COVID-19 pandemic are
more severe than in patients with new-onset diabetes before the pandemic: NOD COVID India
Study
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):215-220.
Author(s): Ghosh A.
Background and Aims: It is not known if new onset diabetes during Coronavirus-19 disease
(COVID-19; NOD COVID) is phenotypically or biochemically different than new onset diabetes before
COVID-19 (NOD).
4Title: High admission blood glucose independently predicts poor prognosis in COVID-19
patients: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108561.
Author(s): Lazarus G.
Aims: To investigate the prognostic value of admission blood glucose (BG) in predicting COVID-19
outcomes, including poor composite outcomes (mortality/severity), mortality, and severity.
Title: High prevalence of diabetes and other comorbidities in hospitalized patients with COVID-
19 in Delhi, India, and their association with outcomes
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):169-175.
Author(s): Mithal A.
Background and Aims: To study the prevalence and impact of diabetes mellitus and other
comorbidities among hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Title: Impaired anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in non-severe COVID-19 patients with
diabetes mellitus: A preliminary report
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):193-196.
Author(s): Pal R.
Background and Aims: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) often demonstrate impaired antibody
response to influenza/hepatitis B vaccines. Hence, we compared anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody
response in non-severe COVID-19 patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).]
Title: Improving the quality of blood pressure measurements in an outpatient diabetes clinic.
Citation: BMJ Open Quality 2021;10(1):DOI: 10.1136/bmjoq-2020-000917.
Author(s): Iyengar JJ.
Conclusion: We found that increasing the blood pressure (BP) recheck rate via an electronic medical
record (EMR) alert resulted in a significant increase in the number of patients meeting their BP target
in an outpatient diabetes clinic. A significant percentage of patients with an initially high BP
measurement came down into goal range on repeat check suggesting that the use of a single
measurement may be inaccurate and result in overtreatment.
Freely available online
Title: Is newly diagnosed diabetes as frequent as preexisting diabetes in COVID-19 patients?
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):147-148.
Author(s): Sathish T.
Abstract: Preexisting diabetes is a common comorbidity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
patients [123]. Intriguingly, recent reports show that newly diagnosed diabetes is also frequently
observed in these patients [4, 5]. However, it is not known how the frequency of newly diagnosed
diabetes compares with that of preexisting diabetes in COVID-19 patients. This is important to
5examine as newly diagnosed diabetes appears to be a stronger risk factor for severe illness from
COVID-19 than preexisting diabetes.
Title: Monogenic and syndromic diabetes due to endoplasmic reticulum stress
Citation: Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 2021, 35(1), Article 107618.
Author(s): Stone SI.
Abstract: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lies at the crossroads of protein folding, calcium storage,
lipid metabolism, and the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis. Accordingly, dysregulation of ER
homeostasis leads to β-cell dysfunction in type 1 and type 2 diabetes that ultimately culminates in cell
death. The ER is therefore an emerging target for understanding the mechanisms of diabetes mellitus
that captures the complex etiologies of this multifactorial class of metabolic disorders. Our strategy for
developing ER-targeted diagnostics and therapeutics is to focus on monogenic forms of diabetes
related to ER dysregulation in an effort to understand the exact contribution of ER stress to β-cell
death. In this manner, we can develop personalized genetic medicine for ERstress-related diabetic
disorders, such as Wolfram syndrome. In this article, we describe the phenotypes and molecular
pathogenesis of ERstress-related monogenic forms of diabetes.
Title: Monogenic diabetes characteristics in a transnational multicenter study from
Mediterranean countries
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108553.
Author(s): Vaxillaire M.
Background: Diagnosis of monogenic diabetes has important clinical implications for treatment and
health expenditure. However, its prevalence remains to be specified in many countries, particularly
from South Europe, North Africa and Middle-East, where non-autoimmune diabetes in young adults is
increasing dramatically.
Title: Predictors of adverse in-hospital outcome and recovery in patients with diabetes mellitus
and COVID-19 pneumonia in Iraq
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):33-38.
Author(s): Nafakhi H.
Background and Aims: There is limited data about the prognosis and impact of COVID-19
pneumonia on patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). We aimed to assess blood indices, ECG markers
of sudden death and malignant arrhythmias on admission, and diabetes lowering drugs as possible
predictors of adverse in-hospital outcome and COVID-19 pneumonia recovery status.
Title: Profile of diabetes patients’ chronic illness care in India and its role in their adherence
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):303-308.
Author(s): Rana S.
Background and Aims: Negligence of illness care in terms of non-adherence may give rise to
serious health outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Considering the importance of both
chronic illness care and adherence, the primary purpose of the study is to explore the profile of
6diabetic patients’ chronic illness care and examine its role in their clinical adherence. In addition to
this, we have also investigated the major confounding variables in understanding the chronic illness
care of diabetic patients.
Title: Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on chronic disease patients in Dessie town
government and private hospitals, Northeast Ethiopia
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):129-135.
Author(s): Addis SG.
Background and Aims: The novel corona virus disease which was first detected in China, December
2019 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2. In Ethiopia, the number of
infected peoples has been increased from day to day, despite government mitigation measures. But
in our country the psychological impact of COVID-19 on patients with chronic diseases was unknown.
Hence, this study was aimed to assess the psychological impact of COVID-19 and its associated
factors among chronic disease patients.
Title: Risk factors associated with the progression of COVID-19 in elderly diabetes patients
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108550.
Author(s): Zhang P.
Aim: To describe the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with the progression of
COVID-19 in elderly diabetes patients.
Title: Risks of and risk factors for COVID-19 disease in people with diabetes: a cohort study of
the total population of Scotland.
Citation: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2020;:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30405-
8.
Author(s): McGurnaghan SJ.
Abstract: Overall risks of fatal or critical care unit-treated COVID-19 were substantially elevated in
those with type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared with the background population. The risk of fatal or
critical care unit-treated COVID-19, and therefore the need for special protective measures, varies
widely among those with diabetes but can be predicted reasonably well using previous clinical history.
Freely available online
Title: Service user and community clinician design of a partially virtual diabetic service
improves access to care and education and reduces amputation incidence
Citation: BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care 2021;9:e001657
Author(s): Watt A.
Introduction: Design of an integrated diabetes service based on needs of service users (persons
living with diabetes) and community clinicians in a semirural low-income health district of the UK.
Freely available online
7Title: Sex, diabetes status and cognition: findings from the study of longevity in diabetes
Citation: BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care 2021;9:e001646
Author(s): Moran C.
Introduction: Women comprise two-thirds of people with dementia, making female sex a significant
dementia risk factor. Both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are known dementia risk
factors with an increasing global incidence. Understanding whether subtle sex differences persist in
cognitive function prior to dementia in the context of diabetes may help elucidate the magnitude of sex
effects on dementia risk.
Freely available online
Title: Use of DPP4 inhibitors in Italy does not correlate with diabetes prevalence among
COVID-19 deaths
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108444.
Author(s): Strollo R.
Abstract: In a nationwide study of 3818 charts from patients with fatal COVID-19, we found that
geographical differences in Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors use did not correlate with
diabetes prevalence among COVID-19 deaths, thus not supporting the hypothesis of a clinically
relevant involvement of DPP4 inhibition in COVID-19 development and progression.
Title: Variability in preventive care practices among US adults with diabetes mellitus
Citation: BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care 2021;9:e001861
Author(s): Baccaglini L.
Introduction: Patients with diabetes are advised to follow standard medical care including daily blood
glucose and foot checks, eye examinations with pupil dilation, and cholesterol checks to prevent
diabetes-related complications. It is unclear how these practices currently vary across different US
population subgroups. The objective of this study was to assess variation in overall and individual
diabetes care practices and identify specific factors associated with differences in these practices in a
representative sample of US diabetic adults.
Freely available online
Title: Why access to diabetes care must not be another victim of the COVID-19 pandemic
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108657.
Author(s): Boulton A.
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating impact on a wide range of industries,
including the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors, impacting supply chains and affecting people
who need treatment and support for a wide range of conditions. The approval of a vaccine is of
course a reason for celebration as it can end the current global health and financial crises. The
unprecedented events of the past 12 months have caused disruption to the supply chain in some
countries, with essential diabetes medicines, including insulin, not always reaching the people that
need them most. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) has received reports from some of its
members on the need to support the distribution of supplies to people who are stuck at home. We
8have also received reports of price hikes applied to diabetes medication at the point of purchase in
some countries. IDF estimates that 463 million people worldwide live with diabetes, many of whom
require the daily administration of insulin for survival or other forms of treatment to manage their
condition to avoid complications. This year marks the centenary of the discovery of insulin and IDF is
urging governments and healthcare authorities to ensure care is accessible and affordable for people
living with diabetes
Reports
Title: Chief Medical Officer's annual report 2020: health trends and variation in England.
Citation: Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC); 2020.
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/chief-medical-officers-annual-report-2020-health-trends-
and-variation-in-england
Abstract: Chief Medical Officer Professor Chris Whitty’s first annual report presents an overview of
the health of England’s population.
Freely available online
Children with diabetes
Articles
Title: Clinical features, complications and treatment of rarer forms of maturity-onset diabetes
of the young (MODY) - A review
Citation: Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 2021, 35(1), Article 107640.
Author(s): Aarthy R.
Abstract: Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is the most common form of monogenic
diabetes and is currently believed to have 14 subtypes. While much is known about the common
subtypes of MODY (MODY-1, 2, 3 and 5) little is known about its rare subtypes (MODY4, 6–14). With
the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) there are several reports of the rarer subtypes of
MODY emerging from across the world. Therefore, a greater understanding on these rarer subtypes
is needed. A search strategy was created, and common databases were searched, and 51 articles
finally selected. INS -(MODY10) and ABCC8 -(MODY12) mutations were reported in relatively large
numbers compared to the other rare subtypes. The clinical characteristics of the rare MODY subtypes
exhibited heterogeneity between families reported with the same mutation. Obesity and diabetic
ketoacidosis (DKA) were also reported among rarer MODY subtypes which presents as a challenge
as these are not part of the original description of MODY by Tattersal and Fajans. The treatment
modalities of the rarer subtypes included oral drugs, predominantly sulfonylureas, insulin but also diet
alone. Newer drugs like DPP-4 and SGLT2 inhibitors have also been tried as new modes of
treatment. The microvascular and macrovascular complications among the patients with various
MODY subtypes are less commonly reported. Recently, there is a view that not all the 14 forms of
‘MODY’ are true MODY and the very existence of some of these rarer subtypes as MODY has been
questioned. This scoping review aims to report on the clinical characteristics, treatment and
complications of the rarer MODY subtypes published in the literature.
9Co-morbidities (find here cardiovascular, kidney disease, neuropathy,
diabetic retinopathy etc)
Cardiovascular Disease
Articles
Title: The association between lipoprotein (a) and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type
2 diabetes without pre-existing cardiovascular disease: A cross-sectional study
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108622.
Author(s): Jun JE.
Aims: Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] has been considered a determinant of residual cardiovascular risk. We
aimed to investigate associations between serum Lp(a) levels and carotid atherosclerosis.
Title: Moderation of the effect of glycemia on the risk of cardiovascular disease in type 1
diabetes: The DCCT/EDIC study
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108591.
Author(s): Bebu I.
Aims: We assessed whether and to what extent established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk
factors moderate (enhance/reduce) the effect of hyperglycemia on CVD outcomes in the long-term
follow-up of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial type 1 diabetes (T1D) cohort (N = 1441).
Artery Disease
Articles
Title: GlycA for long-term outcome in T2DM secondary prevention
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108583.
Author(s): Zierfuss B.
Aims: Glycosylated acetyls (GlycA), a systemic marker of inflammation, were associated both with
incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and incident cardiovascular (CV) disease. This study
evaluates the predictive value of GlycA for long-term survival in patients with T2DM and peripheral
artery disease (PAD).
Title: Impact of atrial fibrillation on stroke, heart failure, and mortality in diabetic patients with
coronary artery disease
Citation: Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 2021, 35(1), Article 107762.
Author(s): Hu WS.
Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of stroke, heart failure (HF) and mortality
in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF).
10Title: Peripheral artery disease, lower limb revascularization, and amputation in diabetes
patients with and without coronary artery disease: a cohort study from the Western Denmark
Heart Registry
Citation: BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care 2021;9:e001803
Author(s): Olesen KKW.
Introduction: Patients with diabetes have increased risk of lower limb revascularization and
amputation due to higher risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and peripheral neuropathy. The
additive effect of coronary artery disease (CAD) is less clear. We examined the risk of PAD, lower
limb revascularization, and amputation in diabetes and non-diabetes patients with and without CAD in
patients examined by coronary angiography (CAG).
Freely available online
Diabetic Neuropathy
Articles
Title: Associations of cells from both innate and adaptive immunity with lower nerve
conduction velocity: the Maastricht Study
Citation: BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care 2021;9:e001698
Author(s): Maalmi H.
Introduction: Distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) is common in people with diabetes but is
also found in pre-diabetes. Peripheral nerve myelin damage, which can be assessed by reduced
nerve conduction velocity (NCV), is an essential feature of DSPN. Emerging evidence indicates that
the development of DSPN may involve the activation of the immune system. However, available
studies have mainly investigated circulating immune mediators, whereas the role of immune cells
remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to test whether leukocyte subsets are associated with NCV.
Freely available online
Title: Novel treatment modalities for painful diabetic neuropathy
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):287-293.
Author(s): Rastogi A.
Background and Aims: Painful diabetic neuropathy significantly affects the quality of life in people
with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Existing pharmacological agents have limited efficacy and
development of tolerance is a limitation.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Articles
Title: Diabetic retinopathy is independently associated with increased risk of intubation: A
single centre cohort study of patients with diabetes hospitalised with COVID-19
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108529.
Author(s): Corcillo A.
11Abstract: In our study of 187 patients with diabetes hospitalised with COVID-19 we observed a more
than 5 fold increased risk of intubation in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Further studies are
required to understand the mechanisms that explain the associations between retinopathy and other
indices of microangiopathy with severe COVID-19.
Title: Low utility of diabetic eye care services and perceived barriers to optimal diabetic
retinopathy management in Indonesian adults with vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108540.
Author(s): Sasongko MB.
Abstract: Among 100 Indonesian adults with type 2 diabetes having vision-threatening diabetic
retinopathy, less than 25% of individuals had appropriate treatment within 12 months from their initial
screening due to lack of information about the treatment cost (88%), no permission from family
member (77.3%) and having no eye complaint (77%).
Title: Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy with Extended Intervals, Safe and Without
Compromising Adherence: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Citation: Diabetes Therapy 2021, 12(1):223-234.
Author(s): Sharif A.
Introduction: Screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevents blindness through the early detection
of sight-threatening retinal microvascular lesions that respond to timely local treatment. However, the
provision of easy and regular access to DR screening programs is currently being challenged by the
increasing prevalence of diabetes. One proposed solution is to extend the screening interval for
patients at low risk for progression of retinopathy. To date, most providers of screening programs
have hesitated to implement a strategy of extended intervals due to the lack of data on whether
adherence and safety are compromised when retinal examinations occur less frequently. In the study
reported here, we investigated adherence to the screening program and progression of retinopathy in
patients with type 2 diabetes participating in a DR screening program with extended intervals.
Freely available online
Eye Diseases
Articles
Title: Risk of retinal vein occlusion in patients with diabetes mellitus: A retrospective cohort
study
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108607.
Author(s): Chang YS.
Aims: To investigate the risk of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM)
patients
12Heart Failure
Articles
Title: Cardiovascular Outcomes with SGLT-2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure with or
without type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):351-359.
Author(s): Singh AK.
Background and Aim: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all the randomized
controlled trials (RCTs) with SGLT-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) in patients with known heart failure (HF) with
or without type 2 diabetes (T2DM), that have studied the outcomes of cardiovascular (CV) death,
hospitalization due to HF (HHF), and composite of CV death or HHF.
Title: Heart failure in people with type 2 diabetes vs. those without diabetes: A retrospective
observational study from South India
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):39-43.
Author(s): Devarajan A.
Background and Aim: Despite diabetes being an independent risk for HF, only some DM patients
develop HF and hence our aim was to compare the clinical features of DM with and without HF and
non-DM with and without HF.
Kidney Disease
Articles
Title: Arterial endothelial function, carotid artery intima-media thickness and abdominal aortic
calcification in diabetic and nondiabetic CKD stage 4–5 patients not on dialysis
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108559.
Author(s): Hellman T.
Aims: We aimed to study the effect of diabetes (DM) on endothelial dysfunction assessed by flow-
mediated vasodilatation (FMD), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and abdominal aortic
calcification score (AAC) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 4–5 patients not on dialysis.
Title: Cost-Effectiveness of Canagliflozin Added to Standard of Care for Treating Diabetic
Kidney Disease (DKD) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in England: Estimates
Using the CREDEM-DKD Model
Citation: Diabetes Therapy 2021, 12(1):313-328.
Author(s): Willis M.
Introduction: On the basis of reductions in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression and major
adverse cardiovascular events observed in the landmark CREDENCE trial, canagliflozin 100 mg
received an extension to its EU marketing authorisation in July 2020 to include the treatment of DKD
13in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) making it the first pharmacological therapy to receive
regulatory authorisation for treatment of DKD since the RENAAL and IDNT trials in nearly 20 years.
Efficient allocation of limited healthcare resources requires evaluation not only of clinical safety and
efficacy but also economic consequences. The study aim was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of
canagliflozin when added to current standard of care (SoC) versus SoC alone from the perspective of
the NHS in England.
Freely available online
Title: Diabetic Kidney Disease Benefits from Intensive Low-Protein Diet: Updated Systematic
Review and Meta-analysis
Citation: Diabetes Therapy 2021, 12(1):21-36.
Author(s): Li Q.
Abstract: A dietary protein intake (DPI) of between 0.6 and 0.8 g protein per kilogram body weight
per day (g/kg/day) is frequently recommended for adults with moderate-to-advanced chronic kidney
disease (CKD). However, evidence on whether patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) actually
benefit from a DPI of ≤ 0.8 g/kg/day and from a low-protein diet (LPD) at CKD stages 1-3 has not
been consistent. We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of
Knowledge, as well as the bibliographies of articles identified in the search, for eligible randomized
controlled trials that had investigated the effects of LPD (prescribed DPI < 0.8 g/kg/day) versus control
diet on the progression of DKD. Nine trials that included 506 participants and follow-up periods
varying from 4.5 to 60 months were included in the subsequent systematic review and meta-analysis.
The data showed that patients with DKD who consumed < 0.8 g protein/kg/day had a significantly
reduced decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (mean difference [MD] 22.31 mL/min/1.73 m2, 95%
confidence interval [CI] 17.19, 27.42; P < 0.01) and a significant decrease in proteinuria (standard
mean difference [SMD] - 2.26 units, 95% CI - 2.99, - 1.52; P < 0.001) versus those on the control diet.
The benefits of LPD to patients with DKD at CKD stages 1-3 were a markedly decreased proteinuria
(SMD - 0.96 units, 95% CI - 1.81, - 0.11; P = 0.03) and slight but significant decreases in glycated
hemoglobin (- 0.42%) and cholesterol levels (- 0.22 mmol/L). Our meta-analysis indicated that a DPI
of < 0.8 g/kg/day was strongly associated with a slow decline in GFR and decreased proteinuria in the
patients with DKD. Patients with CKD stages CKD 1-3 benefited from LPD in terms of a marked
decrease of proteinuria and slight but significant improvements in lipid and glucose control.
Freely available online
Title: Effects of dapagliflozin on major adverse kidney and cardiovascular events in patients
with diabetic and non-diabetic chronic kidney disease: a prespecified analysis from the DAPA-
CKD trial
Citation: Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 2021, 9(1), pp.22-31.
Author(s): Wheeler DC.
Background: Dapagliflozin reduces the risk of kidney failure and heart failure in patients with chronic
kidney disease. We aimed to investigate the effects of dapagliflozin on kidney, cardiovascular, and
mortality outcomes according to presence or absence of type 2 diabetes and according to underlying
cause of chronic kidney disease, reported as diabetic nephropathy, chronic glomerulonephritides,
ischaemic or hypertensive chronic kidney disease, or chronic kidney disease of other or unknown
cause.
14Title: Hemoglobin glycation index is associated with incident chronic kidney disease in
subjects with impaired glucose metabolism: A 10-year longitudinal cohort study
Citation: Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 2021, 35(1), Article 107760.
Author(s): Kim W.
Aim: We investigated the associations between hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and incident
chronic kidney disease (CKD) in treatment-naïve subjects with prediabetes or diabetes.
Title: SGLT2 inhibition and chronic kidney disease outcomes: in diabetes and beyond
Citation: Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 2021, 9(1), pp.3-5.
Author(s): Tuttle KR.
Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a pressing public health concern. CKD attributed to
diabetes, known as diabetic kidney disease (DKD), is the most common cause of kidney failure,
accounting for half of all cases. 12 As the number of people with diabetes dramatically rises around
the world, the burden of diabetic complications will concurrently swell. Occurring in about 30% of
patients with type 1 diabetes and 40% of those with type 2 diabetes, DKD is one of most
incapacitating and lethal complications of diabetes. 1 Additionally, about a quarter of cases of kidney
failure in CKD are attributed to hypertension, followed by various forms of glomerular diseases. 2 It is
crucial to recognise that the risks of CKD include a high risk of death that outcompetes risk of
progression to kidney failure, particularly in patients with diabetes. 3 Indeed, most people with CKD
die before progressing to kidney failure. The largest number of deaths in people with CKD are due to
cardiovascular diseases, especially heart failure. 12 In order to meaningfully improve patient
outcomes—survival without kidney failure or heart failure—better CKD care is urgently needed.
Title: The Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation for Slowing the Progression of Diabetic
Nephropathy During Stage 4 Chronic Kidney Disease
Citation: Diabetes Therapy 2021, 12(1):301-312.
Author(s): Yu T.
Introduction: People with advanced diabetic nephropathy (DN) are at high risk for development of
end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or death. Whether renin-angiotensin system inhibitors and some
concomitant drugs could still continue to delay the onset of ESRD in the later stage of DN needs to be
clarified. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of the therapeutic methods as well as
clinicopathologic variables with prognosis of patients with biopsy-proven DN during stage 4 of chronic
kidney disease (CKD).
Freely available online
15Complications (find here atherosclerosis, claudication, diabetic foot, ulcers
etc)
General
Articles
Title: Examining the heterogeneity inexcess risks of coronary heart disease, stroke, dialysis,
and lower extremity amputation associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus across demographic
subgroups in an Asian population: A population-based matched cohort study
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108551.
Author(s): Lim KK.
Aims: To examine whether the excess risks of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, dialysis, and
lower extremity amputation (LEA) associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) differ across age,
sex, and ethnicity in Singapore.
Title: Performance of serum CD163 as a marker of fibrosis in patients with NAFLD
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):87-92.
Author(s): Ragab HM.
Background and Aims: CD163, a surface hemoglobin-haptoglobin scavenger receptor, is expressed
on macrophages and monocytes and up-regulated during macrophage activation. This study aimed to
evaluate CD163 in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in
such patients.
Methods: Serum samples were collected from 41 NAFLD patients and 14 healthy controls. All cases
were subjected to clinical assessment, abdominal ultrasound examination, laboratory assessment
including liver function and enzymes, kidney function, and lipid profile. Fib-4 and NAFLD fibrosis score
were calculated for all patients. Also, serum levels of CD163 were detected by ELISA technique.
Results: The present study showed that BMI, NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), uric acid, cholesterol, and
triglyceride levels were significantly elevated in the NAFLD cases compared with healthy controls (P <
0.05). The serum level of sCD163 was considerably higher in NAFLD cases ( 9.97 ± 9.97 ng/ml) vs.
healthy controls ( 1.87 ± 0.83 ng/ml) (p < 0.001). Circulating level of sCD163 was significantly higher
in the obese-diabetic subjects and diabetic non-obese patients as compared with the lean healthy
subjects ( 11.15 ± 7.69 ng/ml) and 11.46 ± 13.83 ng/ml vs. 1.87 ± 0.83 ng/ml, P < 0.05; respectively.
The sensitivity and specificity of this marker was 85.4%, and 92.9 for distinguishing patients with
NAFLD in obese and/or diabetic subjects from healthy controls.
Conclusion: serum level of CD163 can be used as a diagnostic marker for individuals with NAFLD.
However, it didn’t correlate with NAFLD fibrosis score of those patients and thus couldn’t predict the
severity of disease.
16Diabetic Foot
Articles
Title: Anxiety, depression and their associated risk factors among patients with diabetic foot
ulcer: A two center cross-sectional study in Jordan and Saudi Arabia
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):237-242.
Author(s): Al-Ayed M.
Background and Aims: To determine and analyze the factors related to anxiety and depression in
patients having diabetic foot ulcer (DFU).
Title: Evaluation of the Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis (LRINEC) score for
detecting necrotizing soft tissue infections in patients with diabetes and lower extremity
infection
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108520.
Author(s): Johnson LJ.
Aims: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis
(LRINEC), a scoring system for Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections, to diagnose Necrotizing Soft
Tissue Infections of the lower extremity in patients with diabetes.
Title: Foot ulcers associated with external trauma among people with diabetes: An integrative
review of the origin of trauma and outcomes.
Citation: International Journal of Nursing Studies 2020;114:103822.
Author(s): Abu-Qamar MZ.
Abstract: The main origins of external foot trauma among people with diabetes were puncture
wounds, ill-fitting footwear and self-care practices.
Freely available online
Title: Negative pressure wound therapy in grade 1 and 2 diabetic foot ulcers: A randomized
controlled study
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):365-371.
Author(s): Maranna H.
Background and Aims: Foot ulcers are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among
diabetics in India. Early diagnosis and timely management is vital in preventing the progression of the
disease which may require amputation. Conventional methods take a long time for healing. This study
aims to compare negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) and conventional saline dressings in
diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) healing.
17Title: Percutaneous Bone Biopsy for Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis: A Systematic Review and
Meta-Analysis.
Citation: Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2020;7(10):ofaa393.
Author(s): Schechter MC.
Abstract: This meta-analysis suggests PBBs have a high yield of culture-positive results. However,
this is an understudied topic, especially in low- and middle-income countries, and the current literature
provides very limited data regarding procedure safety and impact on clinical outcomes or antibiotic
management.
Freely available online
Title: The Role of Foot-Loading Factors and Their Associations with Ulcer Development and
Ulcer Healing in People with Diabetes: A Systematic Review.
Citation: Journal of Clinical Medicine 2020;9(11):3591.
Author(s): Hulshof CM.
Abstract: We conclude that evidence for barefoot plantar pressure and adherence in association with
ulcer outcome is present, but is limited for the other foot-loading factors. More comprehensive
investigation in particularly the combination of foot-loading factors may improve the evidence and
targeting preventative treatment.
Freely available online
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Articles
Title: Factors affecting in-hospital mortality of diabetic ketoacidosis patients: A retrospective
cohort study
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108588.
Author(s): Sato Y.
Aims: With advances in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), its rate of in-
hospital mortality has declined. However, the risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with DKA
remain to be elucidated.
Diabetes and pregnancy
Articles
Title: The absolute and relative risk of type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes: A systematic
review and meta-analysis of 129 studies
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108625.
Author(s): Dennison RA.
18Aims: To estimate development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in women with previous gestational
diabetes (GDM) and investigate characteristics associated with higher diagnoses, building on
previous meta-analyses and exploring heterogeneity.
Title: Association between thyroid function and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in
assisted pregnancies: A retrospective cohort study
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108590.
Author(s): Li X.
Aims: To explore the association between thyroid function and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
risk in assisted pregnancies.
Title: Attenuated early pregnancy weight gain by prenatal lifestyle interventions does not
prevent gestational diabetes in the LIFE-Moms consortium
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108549.
Author(s): Redman LM.
Aims: To examine the effect of lifestyle (diet and physical activity) interventions on the prevalence of
GDM, considering the method of GDM ascertainment and its association with early pregnancy
characteristics and maternal and neonatal outcomes in the LIFE-Moms consortium.
Title: Ceramides and their interactive effects with trimethylamine-N-oxide metabolites on risk
of gestational diabetes: A nested case-control study
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108606.
Author(s): Liu J.
Aims: To explore associations between ceramides in early pregnancy and gestational diabetes
mellitus (GDM); and interactions between ceramides and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) metabolites
for GDM.
Title: Designing a data set for postpartum recall registry of women with gestational diabetes in
recent pregnancy and its implementation in Iranian urban health centers
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):1-6.
Author(s): Nouhjah S.
Background and Aims: Gestational diabetes has serious short and long-term consequences for both
mother and child. Designing a standard data set and implementing a recall registry system provides
opportunities for early interventions in women with a history of gestational diabetes. The present study
aims to draft a data set for the gestational diabetes recall registry and its establishment in urban
health centers.
19Citation: Effects of modified lipoproteins on human trophoblast cells: a role in pre-eclampsia
in pregnancies complicated by diabetes
Citation: BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care 2021;9:e001696
Author(s): McLeese RH.
Introduction: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is increased ~4-fold by maternal diabetes. Elevated plasma
antiangiogenic factors, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFLT-1) and soluble endoglin (sENG),
precede PE onset. We investigated whether diabetes-related stresses, modified lipoproteins and
elevated glucose enhance trophoblast sFLT-1 and sENG release and/or alter placental barrier
function and whether oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) is in placental tissue.
Freely available online
Title: Gestational diabetes in Korea: Temporal trends in prevalence, treatment, and short-term
consequences from a national health insurance claims database between 2012 and 2016
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108586.
Author(s): Jung CH.
Aims: This population-based cross-sectional study aimed to investigate recent trends in the
prevalence and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Korea. We also investigated
trends in annual prevalence rate of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and cesarean section (C-
section) in GDM patients.
Title: LncRNA MEG8 is upregulated in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and predicted
kidney injury
Citation: Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 2021, 35(1), Article 107749.
Author(s): Zhang W.
Abstract: LncRNA MEG8 can be induced by high glucose, indicating the potential role of this lncRNA
in high glucose-induced diseases, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). In this study, a 6-year
follow-up was performed on 400 females who had a plan for pregnancy. It was observed that patients
with high pre-pregnancy plasma level of MEG8 showed high incidence rate of GDM during
pregnancy. The patients with GDM had significantly higher levels of MEG8 in plasma. Plasm levels of
MEG8 at one month before the diagnosis of GDM was sufficient to distinguish GDM patients from
healthy controls. In addition, this study revealed that GDM patients who had higher level of MEG8 (on
the day of discharge) showed significantly higher incidence of kidney injury. Therefore, these results
suggest that MEG8 is upregulated in GDM and predicted kidney injury.
Title: No deleterious effect of an additional pregnancy on glucose metabolism in women with
previous gestational diabetes mellitus
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108543.
Author(s): Fueessl LU.
Objective: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) often develop type 2 diabetes later in
life. It remains unclear whether this results solely from a common underlying predisposition or,
whether a pregnancy itself persistently impairs glucose metabolism in predisposed women. We
20therefore examined how an additional pregnancy affected different aspects of glucose metabolism in
women with previous GDM.
Title: Perinatal outcomes and offspring growth profiles in twin pregnancies complicated by
gestational diabetes mellitus: A longitudinal cohort study
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108623.
Author(s): Mei Y.
Aims: To evaluate the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the perinatal outcomes of
twin pregnancies and its impact on fetal growth profiles of twin offspring from 6 weeks to 12 months of
corrected age.
Title: Prepregnancy hemoglobin levels and gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108608.
Author(s): Kim HY.
Aim: To identify the influence of prepregnancy hemoglobin levels on gestational diabetes mellitus.
Title: Risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in nulliparous women – Associations with early life
body size and change in body mass index from childhood to adulthood
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108564.
Author(s): Pedersen DC.
Aims: We examined whether a woman’s birthweight, childhood height, body mass index (BMI), and
BMI changes from childhood to pregnancy were associated with risks of gestational diabetes mellitus
(GDM).
Title: Triglyceride and glucose index and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A
nationwide population-based cohort study
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108533.
Author(s): Kim JA.
Aims: Pre-pregnancy insulin resistance is one of the main pathophysiologies of gestational diabetes
mellitus (GDM). Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a marker of insulin resistance. We aimed to
evaluate the association between pre-pregnancy TyG index and GDM in primipara women.
Title: Use of insulin glargine during pregnancy: A review
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):379-384.
Author(s): Jethwani P.
Background and Aims: Hyperglycemia during pregnancy is increasing globally. Insulin therapy is
considered the standard of care for its optimum management. Insulin glargine, in spite of widespread
use in non-pregnant adults, lacks randomized controlled trial evidence as safe basal insulin during
21pregnancy. Aim of this review is to discuss major available evidences and recommendations on the
use of insulin glargine during pregnancy.
Diabetes mellitus Type 1
Articles
Title: Assessing Patient Satisfaction Following Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor
Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Study in Japan
Citation: Diabetes Therapy 2021, 12(1):453-460.
Author(s): Ishibashi R.
Introduction: In Japan, several sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been used
for type 1 diabetes mellitus as an adjuvant therapy to insulin therapy; however, there are no clinical
reports regarding the satisfaction of its use. Therefore, we conducted a survey among patients with
type 1 diabetes undergoing treatment using an SGLT2 inhibitor.
Freely available online
Title: Assessing the risk of ketoacidosis due to sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT)-2
inhibitors in patients with type 1 diabetes: A meta-analysis and meta-regression.
Citation: PLoS Medicine 2020;:doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003461.
Author(s): Musso G.
Abstract: In T1DM, the risk of DKA and main therapeutic responses to SGLT2i are modified by
baseline BMI and insulin resistance, by total insulin dose reduction-to-baseline insulin sensitivity ratio,
and by volume depletion, which may enable the targeted use of these drugs in patients with the
greatest benefit and the lowest risk of DKA.
Freely available online
Title: Effect of high protein and fat diet on postprandial blood glucose levels in children and
adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Cairo, Egypt
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):7-12.
Author(s): Abdou M.
Background and Aims: To determine the effect of high protein and high fat meals on post prandial
glycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Title: Glycaemia and utilisation of technology across the lifespan of adults with type 1
diabetes: Results of the Australian National Diabetes Audit (ANDA)
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108609.
Author(s): Pease A.
Aims: To evaluate the utilisation of technologies and associated glycaemia among adults with type 1
diabetes.
22Title: Incidence and predictors of type 1 diabetes among younger adults aged 20–45 years:
The diabetes in young adults (DiYA) study
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108624.
Author(s): Lawrence JM.
Aims: To estimate incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and to develop a T1D prediction model among
young adults.
Title: Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic analysis in the assessment of
preclinical atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes and preeclampsia
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108548.
Author(s): Amor AJ.
Aims: Evaluate the role of plasma metabolomics in atherosclerosis according to the presence of type
1 diabetes (T1D) or previous preeclampsia.
Title: Nutritional Status of Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus from Northeast
Poland: A Case-Control Study
Citation: Diabetes Therapy 2021, 12(1):329-343.
Author(s): Grabia M.
Introduction: A significant increase in the incidence of overweight and obesity is observed among
children and adolescents. This problem began to occur not only in healthy populations, but also
among young diabetics. The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional status of children and
adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) compared to those in a control group of healthy
subjects as well as to determine the influence of the type of insulin therapy used.
Freely available online
Title: People living with type 1 diabetes point of view in COVID-19 times (COVI DT1 study):
Disease impact, health system pitfalls and lessons for the future
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108547.
Author(s): Tejera- Perez C.
Aims: To analyse the effects of confinement among people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their
caregivers over the course of the COVID-19 crisis and to evaluate contemporary changes in medical
assistance and patient preferences.
Title: Virtual training on the hybrid close loop system in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D)
during the COVID-19 pandemic
Citation: Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2021;15(1):243-247.
Author(s): Gómez AM.
Background and Aims: In Colombia, the government established mandatory isolation after the first
case of COVID-19 was reported. As a diabetes care center specialized in technology, we developed a
23virtual training program for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who were upgrading to hybrid closed
loop (HCL) system. The aim of this study is to describe the efficacy and safety outcomes of the virtual
training program.
Diabetes mellitus Type 2
Articles
Title: Association between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and risk of bullous pemphigoid in
patients with type 2 diabetes: A population-based cohort study
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108546.
Author(s): Wu CY.
Aims: Higher bullous pemphigoid (BP) risk has been reported to be associated with dipeptidyl
peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP4i). The aim of this study is to examine the association between BP risk and
DPP4i treatment.
Title: Associations of changes in fat free mass with risk for type 2 diabetes: Hispanic
Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Citation: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2021, 171: 108557.
Author(s): LeCroy MN.
Aims: To determine whether loss of muscle mass (approximated using fat free mass [FFM]) is
associated with risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Hispanic/Latino adults in the United States.
Title: Association of serum fibroblast growth factor 21 and urinary glucose excretion in
hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes
Citation: Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 2021, 35(1), Article 107750.
Author(s): Zhang R.
Aim: Urinary glucose excretion (UGE) is mainly regulated by the sodium glucose cotransporter
(SGLT)-2 in the proximal tubule of kidney. Lower UGE was associated with higher extent of insulin
resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Animal studies suggested the relation of Fibroblast growth
factor 21 (FGF21) and UGE. However, little was known about the association of FGF21 and UGE in
human. We conducted a study to investigate the association of serum FGF21 and low UGE in
patients with type 2 diabetes.
Title: Associations of SUCNR1 , GRK4 , CAMK1D gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility
of type 2 diabetes mellitus and essential hypertension in a northern Chinese Han population
Citation: Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 2021, 35(1), Article 107752.
Author(s): Du B.
Aims: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are both complex diseases that are caused by interactions
among multiple genetic and physiological factors. To investigate the association of common single-
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