CIEA BOOK OF ABSTRACT PROCEEDINGS 2021 - INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INNOVATIVE ENGINEERING
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ISBN: 978-625-00-0123-3
2021
BOOK OF ABSTRACT
PROCEEDINGS
CIEA
II. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
INNOVATIVE ENGINEERING
APPLICATIONS
20-22 May 2021 / Muş, Turkey
Organized byBook of Abstract of the II. International
Conference on Innovative Engineering
Applications (CIEA’2021)
Editors
Prof. Dr. Hikmet Esen
Prof. Dr. Niyazi Özdemir
Prof. Dr. Ulaş Çaydaş
Asst. Prof. Dr. Abdullah Kapıcıoğlu
Published, 2021 ciea2021@alparslan.edu.tr
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the
material is concerned. Nothing from this publication may be translated, reproduced, stored in a
computerized system or published in any form or in any manner, including, but not limited to
electronic, mechanical, reprographic or photographic, without prior writte n permission from the
publisher.
http://iciea.alparslan.edu.tr/
ciea2021@alparslan.edu.tr
The individual contributions in this publication and any liabilities arising from them remain the
responsibility of the authors.
The publisher is not responsible for possible damages, which could be a result of content
derived from this publication.
1ISBN: 978-625-00-0123-3
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
Prof. Dr. Ahmet Can ALTUNIŞIK, Karadeniz Technical University, TR
Prof. Dr. Arif HEPBAŞLI, Yaşar University, TR
Prof. Dr. Asım BALBAY, Malatya Turgut Özal University, TR
Prof. Dr. Engin AVCI, Fırat University, TR
Prof. Dr. Fahrettin YAKUPHANOĞLU, Fırat University, TR
Prof. Dr. İbrahim CAN, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Prof. Dr. İnanç ÖZGEN, Fırat University, TR
Prof. Dr. Kadir TURAN, Dicle University, TR
Prof. Dr. Mehmet EROĞLU, Fırat University, TR
Prof. Dr. Murat KÖKSAL, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Prof. Dr. Niyazi BULUT, Fırat University, TR
Prof. Dr. Pelin CAN, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Prof. Dr. Tanju TEKER, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Prof. Dr. Resul ÇÖTELİ, Fırat University, TR
Prof. Dr. Volkan KAHYA, Karadeniz Technical University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ali Kaya GÜR, Fırat University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ayşegül DERE, Fırat University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ebru Cavlak ASLAN, Fırat University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Engin ÜNAL, Fırat University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Enver SALKIM, Muş Alparslan University, TR
2Assoc. Prof. Dr. Faruk KARACA, Fırat University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Filiz ÖZGEN, Fırat University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhammet KARATON, Fırat University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Murat KARABATAK, Fırat University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nusret BOZKURT, Bitlis Eren University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Özen ÖZER, Kırıkkale University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Serdar MERCAN, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Uğur ÇALIGÜLÜ, Fırat University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zülküf BALALAN, Bingöl University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Alper POLAT, Munzur University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Berivan YILMAZER POLAT, Munzur University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Bülent KAR, Munzur University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Fehmi ASLAN, Fırat University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Ferit AK, Munzur University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Mehmet AKÇAY, Muş Alparslan University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Murat DEMİR, Muş Alparslan University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Mustafa AKPOLAT, Munzur University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Mustafa ULAŞ, Fırat University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Nusret BOZKURT, Bitlis Eren University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Onur ÖZSOLAK, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Tahsin YÜKSEL, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Yusuf DOĞAN, Munzur University, TR
Dr. Ali ÖZDEMİR, Muş Alparslan University, TR
3SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
Prof. Dr. Abdelkarim MEKKI, King Fahd University of Petroleum Minerals, SAUDI
ARABIA
Prof. Dr. Abderrahmane Bairi, University Paris Ouest LTIE-GTE, FRANCE
Prof. Dr. Abdulkadir Ekşi, Çukurova University, TR
Prof. Dr. Adem Kurt, Gazi University, TR
Prof. Dr. Adrian Briggs, London University, UK
Prof. Dr. Ahmet Ziyaettin Sahin, King Fahd University, SAUDI ARABIA
Prof. Dr. Ahmet Özdemir, Gazi University, TR
Prof. Dr. Ali Chamkha, Kuwait University, KUWAIT
Prof. Dr. Ali Sekmen, Tennessee State University, USA
Prof. Dr. Alireza A. Ardalan, Tehran University, IRAN
Prof. Dr. Andrew Collop, The University of Nottingham, UK
Prof. Dr. Andrzej Trytek, Rzeszow University of Technology, POLAND
Prof. Dr. Asaf Varol, Maltepe University, TR
Prof. Dr. Attieh Alghamdi, King Abdulaziz University / SAUDI ARABIA
Prof. Dr. Baki Karamış, Erciyes University, TR
Prof. Dr. Byeong-Kwon JU, Korea University / KOREA
Prof. Dr. Christian Wenger, Innov. for High Performance Microelectronics, GERMANY
Prof. Dr. Chung Gwıy-Sang, Ulsan University, KOREA
Prof. Dr. D. S. Patıl, North Maharashtra University / INDIA
Prof. Dr. Darina Arsova, Institute of Solid State Physics, Sofia / BULGARIA
Prof. Dr. Denis Nika, Moldova University / MOLDOVA
Prof. Dr. Duran Altıparmak, Gazi Üniversitesi, TR
4Prof. Dr. Dursun Özyürek, Karabük University, TR
Prof. Dr. Eiyad Abu-Nada, Hapshemite University, JORDAN
Prof. Dr. F. M. Amanullah, King Saud University / SAUDI ARABIA
Prof. Dr. Fatih Kurugöllü, Queen's University Belfast, UK
Prof. Dr. Fatih Ungan, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Prof. Dr. Fernando Gutierrez, University Polytechnic of Madrid, SPAIN
Prof. Dr. Ferhat Gül, Gazi University, TR
Prof. Dr. Fumihiko Hırose, Yamagata University / JAPAN
Prof. Dr. Gökhan Savaroğlu, Osmangazi University, TR
Prof. Dr. Grzegorz KarczewskI, Polish Academicy of Sciences / POLAND
Prof. Dr. Hakan Usta, Abdullah Gül University, TR
Prof. Dr. Halil Arık, Gazi University, TR
Prof. Dr. Hasan Efeoğlu, Atatürk University, TR
Prof. Dr. Ikhlas Abdel-Qader, Western Michigan University, USA
Prof. Dr. Ioan Pop, University of Cluj, ROMANIA
Prof. Dr. İbrahim Dinçer, University of Ontorio, CANADA
Prof. Dr. İbrahim Özsert, Sakarya University, TR
Prof. Dr. İlyas Uygur, Düzce Universty, TR
Prof. Dr. İnan Güler, Gazi University, TR
Prof. Dr. İsmail Fidan, Tennessee Tech University, USA
Prof. Dr. Jay Khodadadi, Auburn University, USA
Prof. Dr. Jingkun XU, Technology Normal University / CHINA
Prof. Dr. Juan Carlos Martinez-ANTON, Complutense University of Madrid / SPAIN
Prof. Dr. Juan Mario GARCIA de MARIA, University of Madrid, SPAIN
Prof. Dr. K.W. Chau, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HONG KONG
5Prof. Dr. Khasan S. Karimov, GIK Institute, Pakistan
Prof. Dr. M. Hasnaoui, University Cadi Ayyad, MOROCCO
Prof. Dr. Majumdar J. Datta, Indian Institute of Tehcnology Kharagpur, INDIA
Prof. Dr. Marco Antonio Schiavon, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei / BRAZIL
Prof. Dr. Marga Jann, Girne American University, TRNC
Prof. Dr. Mariam Ali S A Al-Maadeed, Qatar University / QATAR
Prof. Dr. Mehmet Esen, Fırat University, TR
Prof. Dr. Mehmet Gavgalı, Atatürk University, TR
Prof. Dr. Mehmet Kaya, Fırat University, TR
Prof. Dr. Mehmet Ünsal, Sütçü İmam University, TR
Prof. Dr. Messaoud Saidani, Conventry University, UK
Prof. Dr. Moghtada Mobedi, İzmir High Technology Institute, TR
Prof. Dr. Mohamed Bououdina, Univeristy of Bahrain / KINGDOM OF BAHRAIN
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Hassan Sayyad, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute / PAKISTAN
Prof. Dr. Murat Köksal, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Prof. Dr. Mustafa Boz, Karabük University, TR
Prof. Dr. Mustafa Çanakcı, Kocaeli University, TR
Prof. Dr. Mustafa Kurt, Marmara University, TR
Prof. Dr. Mustafa Taşkın, Mersin University, TR
Prof. Dr. Müjdat Çağlar, Eskişehir Anadolu University,TR
Prof. Dr. Najib Laraqi, University Paris Ouest LTIE-GTE, FRANCE
Prof. Dr. Necip Ünlü, İstanbul Teknik University, TR
Prof. Dr. Nizamettin Kahraman, Karabük University, TR
Prof. Dr. Nourah AL Senany, King Abdulaziz University / SAUDI ARABIA
Prof. Dr. Nuran C. Yıldırım, Munzur University, TR
6Prof. Dr. Orhan Aydın, Karadeniz Technical University, TR
Prof. Dr. Osman Dayan, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, TR
Prof. Dr. Ömer Usta, İstanbul Technical University, TR
Prof. Dr. Rachid Bennacer, University of Cergy Pontoise, FRANCE
Prof. Dr. Ramazan Bayındır, Gazi University, TR
Prof. Dr. Ramazan Çıtak, Gazi University, TR
Prof. Dr. Ramazan Kaçar, Karabük University, TR
Prof. Dr. Ramazan Köse, Dumlupınar University, TR
Prof. Dr. Ramazan Solmaz, Bingöl University, TR
Prof. Dr. Ramin Yousefi, Islamic Azad University, IRAN
Prof. Dr. Recep Çalın, Kırıkkale University, TR
Prof. Dr. Ridha Ben Yedder, Université de Québec, CANADA
Prof. Dr. R. H. Al Orainy, King Abdulaziz University, SAUDI ARABIA
Prof. Dr. Saad Hamad Binomran, King Saud University / SAUDI ARABIA
Prof. Dr. Sahir Salman, Gazi University, TR
Prof. Dr. Serdar Ethem Hamamcı, İnönü University, TR
Prof. Dr. Serdar Salman, National Defense University, TR
Prof. Dr. Serdar Osman Yılmaz, Namık Kemal University, TR
Prof. Dr. Subhash Chand, National Institute of Technology / INDIA
Prof. Dr. Süleyman Gündüz, Karabük University, TR
Prof. Dr. Syed Ali Rizwan, National University of Sci.& Tech., PAKISTAN
Prof. Dr. Şahin Albayrak, DAI-Labor, Technische Universitat Berlin, GERMANY
Prof. Dr. Şükrü Karataş, Kahramanmaraş, Sütçü İmam University, TR
Prof. Dr. Şükrü Talaş, Afyon Kocatepe University, TR
Prof. Dr. Tahir I. Khan, University of Bradford, UK
7Prof. Dr. Tanmay Başak, Indian Institute of Technology, INDIA
Prof. Dr. Ulvi Şeker, Gazi University, TR
Prof. Dr. Vítor António Ferreira da Costa, Universidade de Aveiro, PORTUGAL
Prof. Dr. Wazirzada Aslam Farooq, King Saud University / SAUDI ARABIA
Prof. Dr. Weite Wu, National Chung Hsing University, TAIWAN
Prof. Dr. Yasin Varol, Fırat University, TR
Prof. Dr. Yu Bo, China University of Petroleum, P. R. CHINA
Prof. Dr. Yusuf Al-Turkı, King Abdulaziz University / SAUDI ARABIA
Prof. Dr. Yusuf Öztürk, San Diego State University, USA
Prof. Dr. Yüksel Esen, Fırat University, TR
Prof. Dr. Zaıtsev, D. D., Moscow State University / RUSSIA
Prof. Dr. Zaki Mohamed, Taif University, EGYPT
Prof. Dr. Zeyad A. Alahmed, King Saud University, SAUDI ARABIA
Prof. Dr. Zekeriya Altaç, Osman Gazi University, TR
Prof. Dr. Zoubir Zouaoui, Glyndwr University, UK
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ahmet Durgutlu, Gazi University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ali Gürsel, International University of Sarajevo, BOSNIA
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Cebeli Özek, Fırat University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Celaleddin Yeroğlu, İnönü University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Cihan Varol, Sam Houston State University, USA
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Chin-Pang Liu, University College London (UCL), UK
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Erol Kılıçkap, Dicle University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Filiz Özgen, Fırat University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hakan Ateş, Gazi University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hülya Durmuş, Celal Bayar University, TR
8Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Koç, Muş Alparslan University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. İlkay Demir, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. İhsan Kırık, Bingöl University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Melik Çetin, Karabük, University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. M. Arif Özgür, Dumlupınar University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nurullah Kıratlı, Dumlupınar University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Oğuz Kaynar, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Serkan Islak, Kastamonu University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shuo GaoChin-Pang Liu, Beihang University, China
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tahir Çetin Akıncı, İstanbul Technical University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Yahya Hışman Çelik, Batman University, TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zafer Şerbetçi, Bingöl University / TR
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zeydin Pala, Muş Alparslan University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Abdülhakim Zeybek, Muş Alparslan University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Ameer Mohammed Air force Institute of Technology, Nigeria
Asst. Prof. Dr. Arslan Kaptan, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Bendine Kouider, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, ALGERIA
Asst. Prof. Dr. Berivan Polat, Munzur University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Bilgin Zengin, Munzur University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Deepika Garg, GD Goenka University, IN
Asst. Prof. Dr. Erkan Bahçe, İnönü University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Erman Erdoğan, Muş Alparslan University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Ersin Bahçeci, İskenderun Teknik University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Faran Awais Butt, School of Engineering, Pakistan
Asst. Prof. Dr. Fatih Erdemir, Karadeniz Technical University, TR
9Asst. Prof. Dr. Günyaz Ablay, Abdullah Gül University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Hakan Karakaya, Batman University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Haluk Kejanlı, Dicle University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Hatice Varol Özkavak, Isparta University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. İhsan Tuğal, Muş Alparslan University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. İsmail Altuntaş, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. İsmail Uzun, Süleyman Demirel University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Khaled A. Aljaloud, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Asst. Prof. Dr. Muhammed Sayraç, Cumhuriyet University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Türkmen, Kocaeli University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Nagihan Mehpare Karaaslan, Munzur University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Nazanin Nezhatvar, University College London (UCL), UK
Asst. Prof. Dr. Necattin Cihat İçyer, Muş Alparslan University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Ömer Arslan, Muş Alparslan University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Özgür Demir, Muş Alparslan University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Saad Alhuwaimel, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Saudi
Arabia
Asst. Prof. Dr. Salih Özer, Muş Alparslan University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Salwa Bouadila, CRTEn, TUNUSIA
Asst. Prof. Dr. Shyam Kamal, Indian Institute of Technology, India
Asst. Prof. Dr. Temel Varol, Karadeniz Technical University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Tayfun Fındık, Gazi University, TR
Asst. Prof. Dr. Zeynal Topalcengiz, Muş Alparslan University, TR
Dr. Kamil Cetin, Heriot-Watt university, Edinburgh, UK
Dr. Riccordo Palama, Centre Techlogic De Telecommunications De Catalunya, Italy
Dr. Wu Yu, University College London (UCL), UK
10ORGANIZATION COMMITTEE
Chairman of Conference
• Prof. Dr. Hikmet Esen
• Prof. Dr. Niyazi Özdemir
• Prof. Dr. Ulaş Çaydaş
Organizers
• Prof. Dr. Hikmet Esen
• Prof. Dr. Niyazi Özdemir
• Prof. Dr. Ulaş Çaydaş
• Asst. Prof. Dr. Abdullah Kapıcıoğlu
Layout Secretary
• Res. Asst. Dr. Büşra TAŞKAN
• Res. Asst. Dr. Gökhan SATILMIŞ
• Res. Asst. Dr. Halil İbrahim UZUN
• Res. Asst. Dr. Hatice ERDEM
• Lecturer Habip ŞAHİN
• Res. Asst. Ahmet SAYLIK
• Res. Asst. Cihangir KALE
• Res. Asst. Çağrı ŞAHİN
• Res. Asst. Erkan KARAKOYUN
• Res. Asst. Eyyüp DEMİR
• Res. Asst. Gizem Hazan ÇAĞLAYAN
• Res. Asst. Gülten ÇETİNTAŞ
• Res. Asst. İlyas BOZKURT
11• Res. Asst. Kemal SÜLÜK
• Res. Asst. Mehmet Murat TURHAN
• Res. Asst. Mustafa Ertürk SÖYLEMEZ
• Res. Asst. Sadiye AKAN
• Res. Asst. Taha ETEM
• Res. Asst. Tarık Selçuk ŞEKER
• Res. Asst. Tayfun ABUT
• Res. Asst. Ümmü Gülsüm UZUT
• Res. Asst. Yusuf BUDAK
12Welcome to CIEA’2021
It is a pleasure for us to offer you Abstract Book for the II. International Conference on
Innovative Engineering Applications CIEA’2021. Our goal was to create a scientific platform
that introduces the newest results on internationally recognized experts to local students and
colleagues and simultaneously displays relevant Turkish achievements to the world. The
positive feedback of the community encouraged us to proceed and transform a single event into
a conference series. Now, CIEA’2021 is honored by the presence of over 300 colleagues from
various countries. We stayed true to the original CIEA’2021 concept and accepted contributions
from all fields of innovative and advanced technologies to promote multidisciplinary
discussions. The focal points of the conference emerged spontaneously from the submitted
abstract: civil, metalurrgy-material technologies, food sciences, bioengineering, electrical,
energy applications, advanced materials, electronic and optoelectronic devices. Our warmest
thanks go to all invited speakers, authors, and contributors of CIEA’2021 for accepting our
invitation. We hope that you will enjoy the conference and look forward to meeting you again
in one of the forthcoming CIEA’2021 event.
Best regards,
Chairmans of Conference
Prof. Dr. Hikmet ESEN
Prof. Dr. Niyazi ÖZDEMİR
Prof. Dr. Ulaş ÇAYDAŞ
13ID NAME OF ARTICLE Page
Number (Author (s)) Number
Annealing Effects on Optical and Electrical Properties on Bis
9 (2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl) Pyridinato)Beryllium (Bepp2) Film’s
16
A. Mantarcı
Diffractive Physics at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
11 17
A. Karasu Uysal
Optical Performance Tests and Collimator Adjustments of
Weapon Mounted Binoculars
18 18
A. Demirel, F. Ungan
Application of Solar Energy System and Carbon Emission in
Buildings in Elazig Province
20 19
Y. Doğan , M. Korkmaz
Investigation of Water Potential and Consumption
22 20
K. Şekerci
Researching Water Resources Quality
23 21
K. Şekerci
The Impact of Dams and Urbanization on Global Warming
24 22
K. Şekerci1
Automation System in Oil Transformers in Kahramanmaraş
25 23
H.A. Şahin, M. Şekkeli
Optical Production Processes
27 24
İ.Ç. Özdemir, F. Ungan
Investigating the Effects of Bentonite Nanoparticles Addition
on PVP/CMC/Gums Hydrogel Films For Biomedical
35 Applications 25
S. Sheikh Idris, O. Yucel
Geothermal Energy as an Alternative Energy Source for Mus
Province
36 26
İ. Dölek, O.C. Algan
Evaluation of Digital Maturity for Maritime Logistics: A Case
Study
39 27
E. Gocmen
14ID NAME OF ARTICLE Page
Number (Author (s)) Number
The Investigation of Deep Drillability of Tool Steel Using
72 Electro Discharge Machining
28
F. Karaca, E. Ünal
3D Printing of Composite Long Carbon Fiber Opportunities
and Challenges
73 29
B. Kouider1, B. Yılmazer Polat, A. Polat
Determination of Contact Lengths Using Deep Neural
Networks
74 30
A. Polat
Behaviour of Welded Tee-end Connections to Circular Hollow
Section Members: Experimental and Numerical Investigation
75 31
M. Saidani
Influence of Different Biogenic Curing Media in Self-Healing
Alkali-Based Mortars
78 32
B. Yılmazer Polat, M. Uysal, V. Korkmaz
A Research on The Methods Used to Determine of Impact
Effect in Traditional Concrete
79 33
H. Gungor, B. Yılmazer Polat
Foundational Problems and Limitations in Digital Forensics
80 34
C. Varol
Basalt Fiber Reinforced Composites Obtained from Battery
Recycling
88 35
M. Çolak, A. Polat
Design and Production of Aluminum Alloy and Steel Frame
Bicycles
101 36
A. Çanakçı, A.O. Bal, A. Korkmaz
15Annealing Effects on Optical and Electrical Properties on Bis (2-(2-
Hydroxyphenyl)Pyridinato)Beryllium (Bepp2) Film’s
A. Mantarcı1*
1
Department of Opticianry, Varto Vocational School, Muş, Turkey
Since organic light-emitting diodes have an important place in our daily life, the development
of these devices in the industry has been remarkable in recent years [1-2]. Blue organic light-
emitting diodes (blue-OLEDs) [3], one of the most valuable of these devices, use the Bepp2
material as the dopant material in OLED device structure. Therefore, it is believed that
studying/investigating the optical and electrical properties of these materials will guide the
production of blue OLED devices. In this study, these films produced by spin coating were
annealed (RT, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, 120, 140, 160 Co) in the presence of nitrogen at various
temperatures. The effects of these annealing on the important optical and electrical properties of the
films, which are optical/electrical conductivity, optical band gap energy, absorbance, transmission
value, refractive index, reflectance value, have been investigated and reported. According to the
analysis, it has been observed that the optical and electrical characteristics of the annealed material
are significantly changed. Beyond that; when used in the device applications of films, the desired
electrical and optical properties were optimized. The results of the study are considered to
contribute to the blue OLEDs technology studies.
Keywords: Bepp2, blue OLEDs, electrical conductivity, optimization, host material.
References:
[1] J. Kang, Y. Cho, W. Jang, Long-Term Reliability Characteristics of OLED Panel and
Luminaires for General Lighting Applications, Applied Sciences, 11 (2021) 74.
[2] T. Wang, Y.-Z. Wang, L.-C. Jing, et al., Novel biodegradable and ultra-flexible transparent
conductive film for green light OLED devices, Carbon, 172 (2021) 379-389.
[3] G.-L. Ong, Q. Zhang, T.-S. Ong, et al., Enhanced performance of blue OLED with
water/alcohol soluble conjugated polymer as electron injection layer, Synthetic Metals, 272 (2021)
116658.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 436-249-4949
E-mail address: asimmantarci@gmail.com (A. Mantarcı).
16Diffractive Physics at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
A. Karasu Uysal1 *
1
Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
A Large Ion Collider Experiment (ALICE) is one of the experiment of the Large Hadron
Collider (LHC) which is located in the Franco-Swiss border and run by the European Organization
for Nuclear Research (CERN). Its main physics goal is the study and characterization of a new state
of matter known as quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in high energy heavy-ion collisions. ALICE
is unique among other experiments at the LHC due to its excellent particle identification
capabilities, low transverse momentum threshold, and their coverage in eight units of
pseudorapidity.
The measurement of Single and Double Diffraction cross-sections in pp collisions by the
ALICE detector at √s = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV will be presented. The relevance of diffraction to the
understanding of inelastic pp interactions will be discussed and the measurement of the inelastic pp
cross-section will be presented. A brief status of ALICE’s studies of centrally produced systems,
selected with a two-pseudorapidity gap topology, will also be given. The results will be compared
with other experimental results at the LHC and at lower energies, and with recent model
calculations.
Keywords: ALICE, diffraction, relativistic collisions.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 332-444-1251/7317
E-mail address: ayben.karasu@karatay.edu.tr (A. Karasu Uysal).
17Optical Performance Tests and Collimator Adjustments of Weapon Mounted
Binoculars
A. Demirel1* , F. Ungan1
1
Department of Optical Engineering, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
Optical performance tests and collimator settings are made in order to test all kinds of optical
and optomechanical errors that may occur in combat conditions in today's weapon mounted
binoculars. Various errors that occur as a result of the installation of optical and optomechanical
materials that make up the weapon mounted binoculars cannot meet the requirements under the
difficult conditions that occur during combat. For this reason, various optical performance tests are
carried out in order to prevent such errors. Non-contact inspection of basic axial optical and
mechanical parameters are imperative system tests that must be applied to every binocular used in
the field. These tests are performed to check the accuracy of optical, optomechanical and assembly
applications produced within very precise tolerance ranges. The aim of this study is to prevent the
occurrence of errors such as resolution, parallax and boresight seen in gun-mounted binoculars.
First of all, optical performance concepts and optical and optomechanical errors will be
explained, and what kind of problems these errors will cause in the binocular system will be
explained. The problems these errors will cause in the binocular system will be explained. Then,
how these problems occur in the tests applied, what effects they will have on the weapon and how
to fix them will be explained. Finally, optical and optomechanical improvement studies will be
carried out and the results will be analyzed.
Keywords: Optical performance, modulation transfer function, focal length, collimator
settings, boresight, parallax.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 553 185 50 45
E-mail address: alperdemirel91@gmail.com (A. Demirel).
18Application of Solar Energy System and Carbon Emission in Buildings
in Elazig Province
Y. Doğan1* , M. Korkmaz2
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
Renewable energy has an important place in terms of meeting the energy needs of countries
with domestic resources, reducing their external dependence and ensuring sustainable energy use by
diversifying the resources. Solar energy and carbon emission, which are one of the renewable
energy sources, are discussed in this study. It is aimed to investigate the amount of energy produced
by the system, which will be designed to meet the energy needs of Elazig province with rooftop
solar energy systems, the depreciation period and carbon emission. Eastern Anatolia Region, where
Elazig province is located, has an annual average radiation intensity of 1365 kWh / m2 and a
sunshine duration of 2664 hours. With this feature, the third region with Turkey's highest solar
energy potential. Therefore, the benefits of using this resource and carbon emission have been
investigated. As a result of the researches, it is thought that it will make a significant contribution to
the literature.
Keywords: Solar energy, carbon emission, renewable energy, Elazıg, buildings.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 533-472-9141
E-mail address: ydogan@munzur.edu.tr (Y. Doğan).
19Investigation of Water Potential and Consumption
K. Şekerci1*
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
Within the framework of today's technical and economic conditions, the amount of surface
water that can be consumed for various purposes is 94 billion m3 annually, the underground water
operation reserve that can be withdrawn safely is 18 billion m3, and the total annual consumable
surface and underground water potential of our country is 112 billion m3. The use of water for
process purposes in the industry is not sensitive to climate change. It is conditioned by technologies
and usage styles. Demands for cooling water can be affected by climate change. Increasing water
temperatures can bring about changes in actual cooling technologies to reduce the effectiveness of
cooling, use more water and, of course, make them more efficient. Demands from agriculture,
especially those for irrigation, are much more sensitive to climate change. First, the timing and need
for irrigation can change in the local climate. As urban areas increase, so does the proportion of
impermeable floors such as asphalt and concrete. In such cases, the rate of stormwater infiltration
decreases, and as a result, the groundwater level drops. When compared by sectoral, it is seen that
agricultural water use is much more than water consumed in industry.
Keywords: Water, consumption, agriculture, industry.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 426-216-0012/1968
E-mail address: ksekerci@bingol.edu.tr (K. Şekerci).
20Researching Water Resources Quality
K. Şekerci1*
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
In order to use the water resource for the required purpose, it is very important that the
potential and quality of this resource are suitable for this purpose. Water resources in developing
countries are under increasing pollution pressure. overuse of natural resources, uncontrolled and
unregulated domestic industrialization and urbanization, Turkey's water resources, are among the
main causes of the deterioration of the quality of industrial and agricultural activities. Wastewater
and wastes of industrial facilities used for agricultural purposes, fertilizers and non-agricultural
drugs affect the water resources balance negatively. Although the demand for groundwater is
increasing, the pollution is not as much as in surface waters. The main problem with groundwater is
that quantity is more than quality. Groundwater pollution is observed in some local areas.
Groundwater pollution generally occurs in free surface and karst aquifers and in areas that feed
these aquifers. In addition, it has been determined that arsenic, detergent, fluoride, grease, sulfur,
nitrate, organic matter, and oil play important roles in some non-pollution-free parameters. In
general, it can be said that the water quality is good in the tourism region where the water quality in
agriculture and industry is low.
Keywords: Surface resources, pollution, groundwater.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 426-216-0012/1968
E-mail address: ksekerci@bingol.edu.tr (K. Şekerci).
21The Impact of Dams and Urbanization on Global Warming
K. Şekerci1*
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
The most important parameter of the impact of dams on climate change; Even if it is within
certain limits, it is the greenhouse gas generation caused by dams. Dams that are not well planned in
terms of engineering and not designed with sufficient equipment help climate change and therefore
global warming because they have the danger of emitting methane gas. There is a risk that the
reservoir will release methane gas instead of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, as the vegetation
under the reservoir decays and, in addition, the water in the reservoir is poor in dissolved oxygen,
and this risk is quite high. The effect of methane gas released into the atmosphere on global
warming was more than carbon dioxide. In the next 10 years, it is expected that approximately 60%
of the world population will start to live in cities and the number of metropolitan cities in the world
will reach 40%. Urbanization, which has increased significantly in the last 50 years, has caused
climate change on the one hand. On the other hand, with the effect of unplanned urbanization,
which is a natural result of unplanned excessive urbanization, the amount of rainwater seepage into
the soil decreases. All of them cannot sufficiently perform the evapotranspiration (evaporation and
perspiration) event required for the hydrological cycle (water cycle) and as a result, the
deterioration of the water balance causes climate change.
Keywords: Greenhouse gas, dams, urbanization, global warming.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 426-216-0012/1968
E-mail address: ksekerci@bingol.edu.tr (K. Şekerci).
22Automation System in Oil Transformers in Kahramanmaraş
H.A. Şahin1* , M. Şekkeli2
1
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş,
Turkey.
2
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş,
Turkey.
In the study, the automation system that records dielectric test results and gives warning in oil
transformers has been examined. The aim of this study is; To prevent sudden failures that may
occur in oil transformers. However, other purposes of this system are to take precautions against
potential malfunctions and to prioritize the security of the working system. Our study started with
the oil transformer dielectric test in Sır Dam, which is located in Kahramanmaraş province between
two years. The test in question was made by a dielectric tester. The results of the dielectric test in
2019 and 2020 were examined. Saving the results of the study in a database gave information about
how many years the transformer's oil has been operating under which conditions and how long it
can work. In the database application, all the calculations were made by the application prepared
and these numerical values were recorded in the database. When the recorded values were
examined, it was seen that the quality of the oil was affected by external factors. Oxygen, humidity,
ambient temperature; It has been observed that the quality of the oil is adversely affected by the
expansion of the oil and the effect of harmful gases and some particles in the air depending on the
temperature at which the load is formed. As a result of the study, it has been observed that the
automation system warns the conditions that occur in the quality of the oil due to these factors and
prevents potential malfunctions that may occur.
Keywords: Automation system, electrical machines, oil transformers.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 554-921-6522
E-mail adres: eemshn@gmail.com (H.A. Şahin).
23Optical Production Processes
İ.Ç. Özdemir1* , F. Ungan1
1
Department of Optical Engineering, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
Optical production methods (grinding, polishing, centering) and optical production
technologies continue to develop continuously in order to increase the performance of optics.
Measurement procedures are performed with the help of a very sensitive interferometer and
profilometer production verifications are carried out. In order to increase the permeability of the
finished optic, it is coated with a thin film by a physical evaporation method to obtain a
transmittance higher than 99.6% and a reflection value greater than 98%.
With this study, all stages of the optic to be produced in the modern optical production
process, from the raw material to the finished product, will be explained. How to choose the tools to
be used, determination of the parameters used during production, how optical measurement
methods are applied, and the work is done to improve the problems encountered during production
will be explained.
Keywords: Optical production, optical grinding, optical polishing, optical centering,
interferometer, profilometer and optical thin film coating.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90-538-820-8503
E-mail address: islamcagriozdemir@gmail.com (İ.Ç. Özdemir).
24Investigating the Effects of Bentonite Nanoparticles Addition on
PVP/CMC/Gums Hydrogel Films For Biomedical Applications
S. Sheikh Idris1 , O. Yucel2*
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
Using polymer every day becomes more comprehensive; hydrogel's different properties lead to
broad applications, especially in biomedical applications. In this study, hydrogel films were produced
on the basis of various materials. PVP- CMC- Gums films based on hydrogels were synthesized using
casting methods and room temperature drying, but the effects of adding bentonite clay were needed.
Numerous physical, mechanical, and thermal properties were shown and examined through multiple
analysis methods, such as SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA, swelling, solubility, contact angle, and many
different analyses. The main results showed new peaks, and these peaks mean the formation of cross-
linking bonds, which is the main reason for capsulation and releasing properties, which means these
films could be used in drug delivery and wide applications. The other results show that the PCXB
film has the best mechanical, color, solubility, and swelling properties, while PCGB film has the best
results in surface hydrophobicity and permeability results. Thus, adding bentonite clay to hydrogel
films enhances all properties, which could be used in different biomedical applications such as tooth
roots filling, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and bandages.
Keywords: Hydrogel, cross-linking, bentonite, gums, biomedical.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 262-605-2123
E-mail address: yozgungtu.edu.tr (O. Yucel).
25Geothermal Energy as an Alternative Energy Source for Mus Province
İ. Dölek1*, O.C. Algan2
1
Muş Alparslan University, Disaster Management Application and Research Center, Muş,Turkey
2
Muş Alparslan University, Nuclear Energy and Energy Systems, Graduate student ,Muş,Turkey
Considering the natural and human characteristics of the province of Muş, the geothermal
resources of the province can be considered as a sector that should be supported for the
development of the province. The province of Muş, also known as the Eastern Anatolia
compressional tectonic zone, is within the confined region of the Karlıova basin, where the North
Anatolian Fault (NAF) and the Eastern Anatolian Fault (EAF) meet, with the Pontides in the north,
the edge folds in the south or Bitlis-Zagros Suture Zone, in other words. is located. Folds, thrusts,
strike-slip faulting and opening cracks have occurred in the region where the province of Muş is
located. At the same time, the evolution of the region was greatly affected by volcanism during the
neotectonic period due to deformation, opening cracks and faults in the continental crust. These
geological processes provide the formation of geothermal systems.
It is seen that there are important geological and tectonic elements indicating the existence of
geothermal potential within the borders of Muş province. Especially, there are many hot water
outlets in Varto district, which is located on strike-slip faults. Mid-enthalpy hot water outlets are
also observed in Güzelkent, Nemrut, Kaynarca and Güroymak, outside the Varto district, within the
provincial borders.
Opening these resources into operation with investments to be made is very important not only
in terms of geothermal energy production, but also in terms of sustainable development for the
province with the use of geothermal energy in different areas of use.
In this study, the availability of geothermal resources of Muş province will be discussed.
Keywords: Muş, Varto, geothermal systems, geothermal, eastern anatolian fault.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 436-249-4949/3243
E-mail address: i.dolek@alparslan.edu.tr (İ. Dölek).
26Evaluation of Digital Maturity for Maritime Logistics: A Case Study
E. Gocmen1*
1
Department of Industrial Engineering, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
Maritime logistics (ML) is greatly influenced by digitization, mostly because of the Industry
4.0. Maritime enterprises incorporate digital innovations into their processes as they improve
process efficiency. In this context, this present paper attempts to answer these questions: What are
the current digital maturity levels? Which recommendations are provided based on the obtained
maturity levels to make the ML sound? The aim of this study is to investigate the maturity levels
using a maturity model due to the lack of a practical tool to evaluate ML maturity. In order to
evaluate the maturity levels, the Weighted Maturity Score Calculation Model (WMSC) approach is
used, focusing on nine dimensions and thirty six maturity items that have a high impact on the
digitization. All maturity items are evaluated using The Software Engineering Institute Capability
Maturity Model (SEI/CMM) maturity levels and criteria weights are calculated using Hesitant
Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (HF-AHP). Practicality of these approaches is verified through
the real data obtained from a logistics organization. As a result, computational results indicate that
intelligent robot dimension has the lowest rating among the dimensions. The high maturity level is
observed in the automation, as the maturity items in this dimension such as Automated Storage
System and Automated Warehouse System can have a considerable impact on the maturity. The
method can help the maritime practitioners to determine their current and expected digital maturity
levels.
Keywords: Maturity model, maritime logistics, Industry 4.0, digitization, HF-AHP.
*
Corresponding author. Tel: (0428) 213 17 94/2499
E-mail address: elifcangocmen@munzur.edu.tr (E. Gocmen).
27The Investigation of Deep Drillability of Tool Steel Using Electro Discharge
Machining
F. Karaca1* , E. Ünal2
1,2
Department of Mechanical Engineering of Technology Faculty, Firat University, Elazığ, Turkey
With the developing technology, the variety in the materials used in the manufacturing
industry is also increasing and in parallel with this increasing variety, the properties such as high
temperature resistance, strength, hardness and complex geometry make it difficult to machine these
materials with conventional machining methods and new manufacturing requires the use of
methods. Nowadays manufacturing is divided into two groups as conventional and unconventional.
Turning, milling, drilling, and etc. are named conventional manufacturing. They are operated with a
a cutting tool, after a physical contact between the cutting tool and the workpiece and a movement
of the cutting tool or the workpiece. When using these methods, the cutting tool performs a
plunging operation on the workpiece by means of the force applied to the cutting tool or the
workpiece. Depending on the physical and chemical properties of the workpiece, this dipping
process becomes difficult and the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the product
obtained may be negatively affected. In the unconventional manufacturing, the workpiece can be
brought into the desired shape by means of a type of energy used without any physical contact with
the workpiece. The basic principle of this method is based on the principle of removing that region
from the workpiece with the support of melting, evaporation and liquefaction in that region by
focusing the energy on a certain area. Electrical energy, chemical energy or heat energy is generally
used to perform the breakout process. With these new methods used, many advantages are provided
due to the lack of direct contact with the workpiece.
One of the most popular methods among the unconventional manufacturing is electro
discharge machining (EDM). The operation is applied in two different method as Plunge EDM and
Wire EDM. Plunge discharge works by bringing the electrode with electrical conductivity closer to
the workpiece in the dielectric fluid and by removing particles from the workpiece surface with the
help of melting and evaporation with controlled electrical discharges.
Developing of these methods, it becomes quite easy to machine materials that are difficult to
machine with conventional manufacturing methods, which have both high hardness and stability,
and microstructure. Therefore, with the developing technology in fields such as space, aviation,
automotive, medical, molding, new methods are emerging to produce micro-structured materials
that are also needed by micro-mechanical systems. In traditional manufacturing, the tool or material
has a continuous rotational motion, so the surface shapes are limited to be circular or planar. It is
very difficult to machine small cavities, elongated holes or blind holes. These are very easy
processes in unconventional manufacturing methods. Complex surfaces can be processed more
easily with unconventional manufacturing methods.
In this study, two different discharge currents (3A & 6A), three different electrode speed (50,
100 and 200 rpm) and have a 200 mm length 1mm diameter brass electrodes were used in the EDM
method. In all experiments, dielectric fluid pressure was kept constant at 40 bar, pulse duration and
pulse interval at 50 microseconds. The EDM operation was performed on a standard tool steel that
obtained commercially.
Keywords: Electro discharge machining, deep-hole drilling, tool steel, roughness, surface
integrity.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 424-237-0000/4361
E-mail address: fkaraca@firat.edu.tr (F. Karaca).
283D Printing of Composite Long Carbon Fiber Opportunities and Challenges
B. Kouider1* , B. Yılmazer POLAT2, A. Polat3
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria
2
Department of Architecture, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
Composite based carbon fiber (CF) has been always considered as the material of the future
owing to the high thermo-mechanical properties as well as the low weight. These properties allow
CFs to be involved in advanced applications especially aerospace field. Unfortunately, the
requirements for CFs production such as expensive molds and well trained experts have limited the
incorporation of CFs to only specified parts. Coupling 3D printing with carbon fiber can
revolutionized the composite carbon fiber technology and supports the wild uses of such materials.
It also helps providing parts with great properties and no geometry limitation. This presentation
discusses the 3D printing based long carbon fiber manufacturing procedure as well as the
opportunities and the challenges come with.
Keywords: 3D Printing, carbon fiber, composites, manufacturing.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: 00233550653589
E-mail address: kouider84@live.com (B. Kouider).
29Determination of Contact Lengths Using Deep Neural Networks
A. Polat1*
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
Contact interaction is an important condition in engineering structures. It is very important for
engineers the stress, strain and displacement resulting from this interaction. The datas such as the
stress, strain and contact length of the systems provide great convenience in the design and sizing in
contact problems. In addition to analytical solutions in contact problems, numerical solutions made
using computer programs have also become the focus of researchers in recent years. Especially the
desire to reach the fastest solution has been one of the most important parameters. In parallel with
the development of technology, computer learning and artificial intelligence technology help to
solve engineering problems quickly and effectively. The development of numerical calculation
methods that generate approximate solutions with computer programs provides convenience in
solving engineering problems that take a long time for analytical solutions. Deep networks, which
have been widely used in machine learning recently, are the multi-layer structures of traditional
artificial neural networks. Improvements in software approaches such as activation functions and
developments in hardware have enabled the use of multi-layer networks. The purpose of this study
is to automatically estimate contact lengths in the output using Deep Neural Network (DNN) input
parameters. For this purpose, the optimum DNN layer parameters were determined and the best
result network was designed. While creating the DNN, reducing the use of hardware resources and
getting the best results are taken into account. Layer parameters and layer numbers are set by trial
and error approach when creating DNN layers. The results obtained by deep learning were
compared with different solution methods and successful results were obtained in a much shorter
time.
Keywords: Contact problem, deep learning, finite element method.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 428-213-1794/2463
E-mail address: alperpolat@munzur.edu.tr (A. Polat).
30Behaviour of Welded Tee-end Connections to Circular Hollow Section
Members: Experimental and Numerical Investigation
M. Saidani1*
1
Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
The use of tubular elements in construction is very popular, where they are used as columns,
bracing members or even as retaining walls. This paper presents the results of an investigation into
the structural behaviour of welded Tee-end connections to circular hollow section (CHS) members
subjected to pure tension. Both testing and finite element modelling are carried out. A total of 19
specimens were tested to failure. The main parameters of the investigations were the tube size and
cap plate thickness. The failure load and modes of failure were recorded for all specimens. Strains
(stresses) and deflections at different locations in the connection were recorded and plotted against
the applied load. In order to make the testing programme manageable, the cleat plate thickness and
size was kept constant for all the tests. The test results revealed that the cap plate thickness was the
most important parameter in deciding the joint capacity and associated mode of failure. The test
results were compared with the numerical analysis results using the finite element package ANSYS.
Based on the outcome of the investigation, some design observations are made and comparison is
made with existing design equations.
Keywords: Welded Tee-end, circular hollow section, finite element modelling, ANSYS.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.:
E-mail address: cbx086@coventry.ac.uk (M. Saidani).
31Influence of Different Biogenic Curing Media in Self-Healing Alkali-Based Mortars
B. Yılmazer Polat1*, M. Uysal2, V. Korkmaz3
1
Munzur University, Architecture Department, 62100, Turkey.
2
Yildiz Technical University, Civil Engineering Department, 34000, Turkey.
3
Munzur University, Physical therapy and rehabilitation Department, 62100, Turkey
Biological calcium carbonate mineralization is being investigated as an effective option in many
areas such as self-healing of concrete cracks, restoration of historical artifacts, and soil stabilization. It is
possible to make crack healing with biogenic calcium carbonate precipitation in alkali mortars as well as
in Portland cement mortars. However, the content of the cure media in which the self-healing in this
application is realized directly affects the result. This study aims to investigate and examine the effects
of the healing cure media in geopolymer mortars on the outcome of self-healing.
For this purpose, 12 identical, synthetic fiber, 40x40x160 mm metakaolin-based geopolymer mortar
samples were prepared. Bacterial agents (sporosarcina pasteurii) were absorbed directly into the matrix
material. The samples thermally cured for 3 days. Tensile cracks with a crack width of 0.5-1 mm were
formed on the samples whose strength gaining process was completed. These samples were allowed to
self-healing for 45 days in 4 different curing processes such as dry medium (control sample), soaking in
designed medium, soaking in the culture, and cyclical wetting of the sample with the designed medium.
Samples before and after healing were subjected to unit weight, water absorption, porosity, and optical
visual inspection tests. As a result, it was determined that the designed medium in which the fastest and
most successful healing takes place is cure media, which contains the nutrients needed by the bacteria
and is supported by a source of calcium. This result is valuable in terms of the success of biogenic healing
and the determination of effective healing cure media.
Keywords: Geopolymer mortar, bacterial self healing, bioconcrete, crack.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 428-213-1794/2463
E-mail address: bpolat@munzur.edu.tr (B. Yılmazer Polat).
32A Research on The Methods Used to Determine of Impact Effect in Traditional
Concrete
H. Gungor1*, B. Yılmazer Polat2
1
Munzur University, Civil Engineering Departmant Graduate Student
2
Munzur University, Department of Architecture
As the population increases, people's needs for residential areas increase linearly. The most
important issue to be provided during the building design phase shaped according to the needs is strength.
Many parameters are affecting the strength. Building materials are of great importance in terms of
strength among these parameters. The most preferred material as a building material in the world is
concrete. Concrete is a composite material consisting of water, aggregate, cement, and additives when
necessary. Strength calculation is an indicator of how the loads on concrete will affect the design element.
Some of these loads are dynamic, that is, loads that act suddenly on the structure. Some of these loads
are loads such as earthquakes, explosions, and wind. However, although it is appropriate to design
considering these effects, it is the impact load that determines the dynamic effect. Since concrete is used
in many areas subject to sudden loading (airports, roads, military barriers, etc.), it has become a necessity
to examine this effect. Impact tests are used to observe the impact resistance of concrete. However,
although a lot of research has been done in the literature, there is no standard for impact experiments.
However, it has been observed from the data obtained as a result of many studies that concrete exhibits
a fragile behavior under dynamic load.
This paper presents a literature summary of the different techniques used in determining impact
resistance by impact testing in portland cemented concrete.
Keywords: Concrete, impact test, impact strenght, strength.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 428-213-1794/2463
E-mail address: hira185@hotmail.com (H. Gungor).
33Foundational Problems and Limitations in Digital Forensics
C. Varol1*
1
Department of Computer Science, Sam Houston State University, Texas, United States
Typical Digital Forensics procedure consists of evidence collection, preservation, analysis, and
presentation. While the approach for each stage is generally known by the experts, there are a
number of challenges that need to be addressed in the near future. Therefore, this work will
particularly focus on the grey areas in each of the digital forensics procedures and will provide
foundational problems and limitations caused by the technology.
Keywords: Digital forensics.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.:
E-mail address: cvarol@shsu.edu (C. Varol).
34Basalt Fiber Reinforced Composites Obtained from Battery Recycling
M. Çolak1*, A. Polat1
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
The needs of the society are also increasing depending on the developing technology. The
scientist aims to produce new generation products with superior features compared to the old ones.
In addition to the desired quality of the produced materials, it is desired to minimize the damage to
the environment during the production stages or in the process after production. Usage areas of
composite materials are increasing day by day due to low cost, high strength and superior chemical-
biological properties. In composite materials, it is aimed to transfer the superior properties of matrix
and reinforcing materials to the newly formed material. Due to the increasing interest in
environmental awareness in recent years, the use of natural fibers as reinforcement in polymer matrix
composites has increased. Glass fiber and carbon fiber were used in most of the studies, and they
positively affected the mechanical properties of the produced composite. However, basalt fibers have
started to be preferred because of many features such as affordable prices, ease of production, high
strength, high thermal and chemical resistance, since these fibers do not fully meet all the expected
properties. Basalt fiber is obtained from basalt rock and this rock is extracted in many cities such as
Elazig, Sivas, Erzurum, Kayseri, Giresun, Konya and all regions of our country. Many types of
polymers can be used as matrix material of composites reinforced with basalt fibers. However, the
consumption of natural resources and the protection of the environment are a general problem of both
our country and the whole world. Therefore, it is aimed to use polymers obtained from waste batteries
as matrix material for the new materials produced. Batteries are classified as hazardous waste due to
lead and acid in them. Although recycling of batteries is a considerable sector, no study has been
encountered regarding the use of polymers obtained from batteries in composite production. In this
work to be done, the use of basalt, which is a natural fiber and polymers obtained from recycling, will
be produced as a recyclable, economical and environmentally friendly product, which will be
obtained from both less carbon emission, less resource consumption, less environmental pollution
and recycling. The mechanical properties of this product will be examined by various tests and
analyzed by the finite element method.
Keywords: Basalt fiber, environmental composite, recycling.
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +90 424-237-0000/4143
E-mail address: muslumcolak@firat.edu.tr (M. Çolak).
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