Appendices Appendix 1 - GDP
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Appendices
Appendices
Appendix 1 – GDP
GDP European Union
16.000.000 €
14.000.000 €
12.000.000 €
10.000.000 €
8.000.000 €
GDP European Union
6.000.000 €
4.000.000 €
2.000.000 €
0€
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
Source: Eurostat - GDP and main components (output, expenditure and income)
[nama_10_gdp]
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via free accessAppendices
Appendix 2 – Overview of the Treaties
Treaty of Paris – 1951 Treaty establishing the European Coal
and Steel Community (ECSC). Expired as
planned in 2002
Treaty of Rome – 1957 Treaty establishing the European Economic
Community – TEEC
(renamed Treaty establishing the Euro-
pean Community (TEC) with the Amster-
dam Treaty)
Treaty of the Single European act – 1986
Treaty of Maastricht – 1992 Treaty on the European Union – TEU
The 1992 Treaty of Maastricht establsihed
the European Union, the EEC becoming
one of its three pillars, the European Com-
munity. Hence, the treaty was renamed
the Treaty establishing the European Com-
munity (TEC)
Treaty of Amsterdam – 1999 Amends the TEC and TEU
Treaty of Nice – 2002 Amends the TEC and TEU
Treaty of Lisbon – 2007 Amends the TEC and TEU The TEC is
renamed Treaty on the Functioning of the
European Union (TFEU)
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via free accessAppendix 3 – SKI’s turnover
(framework agreements) in Denmark 1994-2014
Year 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Turnover, framework
agreements in million
DKK (current prices) 838 1,801 2,300 2,700 2,800 3,177 3,793 4,169
Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Turnover, framework
agreements in million
DKK (current prices) 3,886 4,160 6,111 6,979 8,216 9,498 11,386 13,003
Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Turnover, framework
agreements in million
DKK (current prices) 13,096 11,199 8,556 6,787 5,453
Source: Data obtained from SKI upon request
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SKI's turnover (framework agreements) in Denmark
1994-2014
14.000
12.000
10.000
8.000 SKI's turnover from framework
agreements measured in million
DKK - current prices
6.000
4.000
2.000
-
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Source: Data obtained from SKI upon request
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Appendix 4 – Summation of case law – economic activity
Case Characteristics Deemed to be
economic activity?
Pavlov – Provide services on the market
in competition YES
– Remuneration is paid
Ambulanz Glöckner – Granted special right
– Entrusted with SGI and coex-
isted with private independent
operators
– Remuneration paid (from the
public and private health in- YES
surers)
– Such activities have not al-
ways been, and are not nec-
essarily, carried on by such
organisations or by public
authorities
Humbel – Entrusted with SGI NO
– No remuneration
Commission v Germany – Provide services on the market
in competition YES
– Remuneration is paid
Source: Based on the author’s own review of case law
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Appendix 5 – Summation of case law – solidarity
Deemed to be an
Case Characteristics
undertaking?
Poucet and – compulsory participation
Pistre – exclusively social function
– same benefits regardless of contribution
NO
– no influence on the level on contributions
– principle of solidarity
– non-profit-making
Cisal – compulsory participation
– same benefits regardless of contribution
NO
– principle of solidarity
– non-profit-making
FFSA – optional participation
– funded through the administration of a capital
fund, into which contributions are paid, and in
YES
which benefits are directly related to contributions,
– principle of capitalization
– non-profit-making
Albany – compulsory participation
Pavlov and – funded through the administration of a capital
others fund, into which contributions are paid, and in
Brentjens which benefits are directly related to contributions,
Drijvende – possibility for exemption suggests competition, YES
bokken as exemption can only be provided when there is
another alternative.
– Principle of capitalization
– non-profit-making
AOK – Compulsory participation
– possibility for exemption suggests competition,
as exemption can only be provided when there is
another alternative (this, however, is not mentioned
by the Court)
– the sickness fund compete concerning contribu- NO
tion rates in order to attract customers
– same benefits regardless of contribution, HOW-
EVER, the benefits are in kind and not reimburse-
ment
– non-profit-making
Source: Based on the author’s own review of case law
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Appendix 6 – Overview of the BetterCare case
Contractual agreement
between North & West
and Be�ercare – North &
West purchases the vast
majority of the services
provided by the two
North & West centers operated by Be�ercare
Be�ercare
Compe��on as
both provide
• Public en�ty • Private provider of residen�al care
residen�al care
and nursing homes
• Managed eight residen�al • Be�ercare has two facili�es in the
homes, five of which for the Shankhill area of Belfast:
elderly - the Glencairn Care Centre, and
- the Tennent Street Care Centre
• Had a contractual agreement
with Be�ercare. Hence, North & • Be�ercare claims that North & West
West was the sole purchaser of abuse the dominant posi�on
services from Be�ercare - unfair terms
- unreasonably low prices
• Claimed to hold a dominant
posi�on • The unfair condi�ons make it
difficult for Be�ercare to con�nue in
business – especially because North
& West can offer much higher
salaries to a�ract trained staff to
work in its own residen�al homes
Source: This author’s own creation based on case No. 1006/2/1/01, 1 august 2002, Bet-
terCare Group Ltd v Director General of Fair Trading
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