WELCOME TO GR 11!! - Hoërskool CR Swart

WELCOME TO GR 11!!

WELCOME

Dear grade 11s
First of all, congratulations on making to this grade, this is
proof that hard work yields success. It is my hope that you will
worker even harder this years, as the final mark attained this
year will be used to apply for tertiary learning.
To those repeating, it is definitely not the end of the world,
see this as another opportunity to brighten your future.
Please copy the notes and do all the exercises on this slide
show. This will be checked and tested upon your return.

Kind regards
Your favourite Math Lit teacher.

Measurements
 Distance and length

Measurement systems

 Metric system:
  A decimal based system of measurement.
  Referred to as the International system of units (SI).
  Examples: kg, cm, mm, seconds

 Imperial system
  Used in USA
  Examples: gallons, pints, yards, pounds inches

Definition

 Length :
  The measurement of an object from one end to the other
  Usually the longest dimension
  Measure in m, cm, mm

 Distance:
  The physical length between two objects( eg distance
 between Cpt and Jhb)
  Measured in Km and m

Estimating length and
distance
1. Rule of the thumb:
  An outstretched hand measures approximately 20 cm from
 the tip of the little finger to the tip of the thumb.
2. Arm
  From the tip of outstretched fingers to the tip of the nose
 is approximately 1m
3. Steps
  One large step is approximately 1m.

Instruments used
1. Ruler
2. Tape measure
3. Odometer:
  An instrument that indicates the distance travelled by a vehicle

Converting between units

 Metric system:
  Big to small (multiply)
  Small to bigger (divide)

 Km > m > cm > mm

Conversion table

 BIG TO SMALL (MULTIPLE)

 Km to m × 1000

 m to cm × 100

 cm to mm × 10

 SMALL TO BIG ( DIVIDE)

 m to km ÷ 1000

 cm to m ÷ 100

 mm to cm ÷ 10

classwork
 1. 2,9m to cm
 2. 88mm to cm
 3. 407km to m
 4. 12,4cm to m
 5. 1702m to km
 6. 278cm to mm
 7. 0,3km to cm
 8. 74mm to m
 9. 36 042cm to km
 10. 47 km to mm
 11. Arrange the following in ascending order:
 Kudu:150cm
 Springbok: 0,82 m
 Gemsbok: 1 245mm
 Impala: 95cm
 Eland: 0,00km

Converting between units
 Imperial units(distance and distance);

 From metric to imperial From Imperial to Metric

 1cm =0,3937 inches(in) 1 inch(in) = 2,54 cm

 1m = 1,0936 yards (yd) 1 foot (ft) = 0,3048 m

 1km = 0,6214 miles (mi) 1 yard (yd) = 0,9144 m

 1m = 3,2808 feet (ft) 1 mile (mi) = 1,6093 km

 From 1 imperial (multiple)
 From metric (divide)

examples

Covert the following:
1. 2 yards to meters
2. 27inches to cm

Classwork

1. 76m to yds
2. 9,5in to cm
3. 0,4km to mi
4. 18 ft to m
5. 2345 cm to in
6. 99m to ft
7. 13,8yds to m
8. 247 mi to km

MEASUREMEN TS
 MASS(WEIGHT)

DEFINITION

 It is a measure of the quantity of matter in an object.
 Refers to how heavy an object is.

BASIC UNITS OF MASS

 Tons
 Kilograms (kg)
 Grams (g)
 Milligrams (mg)

INSTRUMENTS USED TO
MEASURE MASS
 Bathroom scale:
  measures a person’s weight (Kg)
 Kitchen scale:
  weighing ingredients (g)
 Shop scale:
  measures fresh food (fruits, vegetables
 and meat)
 Big electronic scale:
  used to measure larger objects eg luggage
 at the airport

ESTIMATIONS AND MASS

 When cooking from a recipe, quantities of certain
 ingredients can be estimated, eg a pinch of salt or
 season to taste
 Masses can be used to estimate volume:
  1 drop =100mg
  1 tsp = 5g
  1liter = 1kg
  1 small paper clip=1g
  Small car=1 ton
  1 medium sized elephant = 5tons

CONVERSIONS!!!

Classwork
1. Convert the following:
 A. 9,4 kg to g
 B. 44 mg to g
 C. 3 059 g to kg
 D. 8 t to kg
 E. 7,6 g to mg
 F. 0,5 kg to t
 G. 149 mg to kg
 H. 0,17 to g
 I. 8 432 kg to mg
 J. 3 200 476 915 mg to t
 2. A crate can hold a maximum weight of 0,5 tons. Joe would like
 to transport the following :
 Washing machine: 70 000 g Tumble dryer: 68 000 000 mg
 Fridge: 0,36 t Dishwasher: 65 kg

Imperial conversions
  Mass(weight) is measured using:
  Pounds (Ib)
  Ounces (oz)
From metric to imperial
 From imperial to metric
1g = 0,03527 ounces (oz)
 1 ounce (oz) = 28,3495 g
1 kg = 2,2046 pounds (Ib)
 1 pound (lb) =0,4535 kg
 Classwork: convert the following:
 1. 20 kg to lbs
 2. 0,8 lb to kg
 3. 0,6 lb to g
 4. 135 oz to g
 5. 49,6 g to oz
 6. 27 850 oz to kg

MEASUREMENTS
 VOLUME

DEFINITION:
 Volume is 3D space occupied by a gas, a liquid
 or a solid substance.
 Capacity is the amount of space inside a
 container

BASIC UNITS OF VOLUME:

 1. Kilolitres (kl)
 2. Litres
 3. Mililitres (ml)
 4. Cubic millimetre ( 3 )
 5. Cubic centimetre ( 3 )
 6. Cubic Metre ( 3 )
 7. Cubic Kilometre ( 3 )

INSTRUMENTS USED T0
MEASURE VOLUME
 Measuring spoons and cups, each labelled according to
 their volumes.

 Measuring Jars, bottles and canisters- Different sizes.

 Measuring buckets (marked) and wheelbarrows(40 litres)

CONVERSION BETWEEN UNITS OF VOLUME

 1Kl = 1000 l

 = 1000 000 ml
 1 l = 1000 ml
 Always make sure that you are working with
 the same units!
 1 cup 250 ml

 1 tablespoon (tbs) 15 ml

 1 teaspoon (tsp) 5 ml

EXAMPLES:

1. If a recipe requires 2,5 litre s of milk, how many
 millilitres of milk is this?

2. If a jug holds 785 ml of cool drink, how many litres is
 that?

EXAMPLES:

3. If a swimming pool holds 2,7 kl of water, how many
millilitres

Conversions involving
 imperial units
  Volumes:
  Gallons (gal)
  Pints (pt)
  Fluid ounces (fl. Oz)
  Quarts (qt)

From metric to imperial From imperial to metric
1l = 1,7598 UK pints (pt) 1 UK pint (pt) = 0,5682 l

1 l= 0,2199 UK gallons (gal) 1 UK gallon (gal) =4, 5461l

1l = 1,0566 US quarts (qt) 1 US quarts (qt) = 0,9464l

1 ml = 0,0338 US Fluid ounces (fl.oz) 1 Us Fluids ounces (fl.oz)= 29,5735 ml

Measurements
 Temperature

Temperature

 It is measured in degrees Fahrenheit (◦F) (used in USA)
 or degrees Celsius (◦C) (used in SA)
 Relationship between ◦F and ◦C is given by the following
 formulae:

x C  [(1,8  x)  32] F
  

 And

y F  [( y  32)  1.8] C
  

Instruments used to measure

1. Digital thermometer
 a) Used to measure a person’s body temperature.
 b) Used to measure the temperature of food.
2. Mercury thermometer
 a) Used to measure the air temperature
 b) Used to measure a person’s body temperature
3. Infrared thermometer
 a) For measuring the temperature of the surface on an
 object

MEASUREMENT
TIME

TIME

 A measure of the passage of time

 BASIC UNITS:
  Millennium(1000 years)
  Century (100 years)
  Decade (10years)
  Year
  Month
  week
  Day
  Hours
  Minutes
  seconds

Time

 Decade : 10 years
 Century : 100 years
 Millennium : 1000 years

instruments

 Watch
 Clock
 Stopwatch
 Computer
 cellphone

Ways to display time

 Analogue time:
  Time displayed with the minute and hour hand on the
 watch or clock
  Divided into 12 equal part/ intervals
  Each parts represent 5mins

 Digital time:
  Time displayed only by numbers eg 3:00 7:30

FORMATS IN WHICH TO
EXPRESS TIME
 12-Hour format:
  time only expressed from 1 to 12 by is differentiated by
 am(before noon) and pm (afternoon)

 24-hour format:
  The day is broken down to 24 hours

Conversion

Classwork