THE 1.5 C BUSINESS PLAYBOOK - Build a strategy for exponential climate action - Exponential Roadmap

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THE 1.5 C BUSINESS PLAYBOOK - Build a strategy for exponential climate action - Exponential Roadmap
THE 1.5°C
BUSINESS
PLAYBOOK
   Build a strategy for
exponential climate action
THE 1.5 C BUSINESS PLAYBOOK - Build a strategy for exponential climate action - Exponential Roadmap
This playbook is to prepare           INTRODUCTION
businesses for the fastest            Climate change is already harming                                 the atmosphere. Finally, by displaying
economic transition in history        societies and the global economy.
                                      Evidence shows that humanity is
                                                                                                        climate leadership and influencing
                                                                                                        wider action in society.
                                      taking grave risks with the stability of
and help them drive it.               the Earth’s life support system if global
                                      average surface temperature continues
                                      to rise. Reducing this risk means wor-                               Business Ambition for 1.5°C
                                      king together to stabilise temperature
                                                                                                           campaign: a joint effort
                                      rise to a maximum of 1.5°C above pre
                                      industrial temperatures.1                                            of the SBTi, the We Mean
                                                                                                           Business Coalition and UN
                                      To achieve the 1.5°C ambition, global                                Global Compact, announced
                                      greenhouse gas emissions* must stop                                  in September 2019.4
                                      growing by 2020 and we must halve
                                      emissions every decade to approach                                   “The next decade is critical. The
                                      net-zero by 2050, while at the same                                  recent report from the Intergo-
                                      time removing some of the carbon                                     vernmental Panel on Climate
                                      already emitted into the atmosphere.1,2                              Change (IPCC) warned of severe
                                      Doing this will require the fastest eco-                             consequences of a failure to
                                      nomic and societal transition in history                             prevent global warming excee-
                                      – but one which is both necessary and                                ding 1.5°C. To limit temperature
                                      achievable, and will bring significant                               increase to 1.5°C, emissions need
                                      benefits from reduced pollution to im-                               to halve by 2030, and drop to net-
                                      proved health and potential economic                                 zero by the middle of the century
                                      growth.1,3                                                           for the best chance of avoiding
                                                                                                           the worst impacts of climate
                                      It is critical to mobilise the entire                                change. By taking this pledge you
                                      business sector for the 1.5°C ambition                               are formalising your increased
                                      and to halve emissions by 2030.                                      ambition and signaling your
                                      Businesses will contribute in several                                commitment to a zero emissions
                                      ways. First, by rapidly reducing their                               future to your peers, investors, po-
                                      own emissions. Second, by reducing                                   licy makers, customers, suppliers,
                                      emissions in their value chains. Third,                              civil society organisations, and
                                      and most importantly, by scaling                                     other stakeholders.”
                                      products, services and projects that cut
                                      emissions or even remove carbon from
        www.exponentialbusiness.org   * ”greenhouse gas emissions” are also referred to as “emis-
                                      sions” in this document

              January 2020. v1.0                                                                    3
CARBON LAW
WHO IS THIS                                                               The UN climate report (Global Warming

PLAYBOOK FOR?                                                             of 1.5 ºC, 2018)1 concludes that we need
                                                                          to keep global warming to a maximum
                                                                          of 1.5°C to avoid high risk of catastrophic
                                                                                                                               Exponential Roadmap
                                                                                                                               The Exponential Roadmap*
                                                                          consequences for people and our living               highlights 36 key solutions that
This playbook is developed for companies and organisations of all         environment.11 To do so, the world needs             together can halve global emis-
sizes that want to align with the 1.5°C ambition. Small, medium           to stop emissions growing by 2020 and                sions by 2030. These solutions are
and larger companies may find it useful both for strengthening            halve them every decade until 2050. This             all market-ready: they are afforda-
their own strategy and to help in engaging suppliers and setting          simple rule of thumb, called the Carbon              ble (like wind and solar), can scale
requirements.                                                             Law2, can be applied to everyone: compa-             rapidly (like reduced food waste)
                                                                          nies, cities, nations and citizens. But, the         and can save money (like building
Companies with advanced climate strategies that have already              Carbon Law outlines the global average               efficiencies). For businesses, redu-
joined sector climate initiatives can use it to benchmark their           and must be viewed as a minimum                      cing carbon emissions and provi-
approach and raise ambitions. In this capacity, the playbook will         ambition. Everyone should decarbonise                ding solutions that help customers
help to establish a clear climate strategy, define targets aligned with   as rapidly as possible and the wealthiest            and society to cut their emissions
science, set requirements for suppliers and align supply chains and       should go fastest.                                   opens up new exponential growth
value propositions with a 1.5°C ambition. This guide is grounded in                                                            opportunities and an opportunity
the latest science and focuses on simplicity and speed.                   To halve emissions every decade is a huge            to reduce costs and increase per-
                                                                          challenge but also an enormous oppor-                formance and profitability.12,13,14
It is designed to work in harmony with existing standards and key         tunity. The first halving is the biggest, but        * The Exponential Roadmap integrates solutions
initiatives such as the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG)5, Science           for many companies it is the easiest.                from several research projects such as Project
                                                                                                                               Drawdown and the Low Energy Demand scenario,
Based Targets initiative (SBTi)6, CDP7, RE1008, Mission Innovation’s                                                           which are also referenced in this playbook. www.
1.5°C Avoided Emissions Framework9 and the Chambers Climate                                                                    exponentialroadmap.org

Coalition.25

The climate crisis is the most urgent threat for society today but it
must not be addressed at the expense of wildlife and vulnerable
groups. By implementing a 1.5°C-aligned strategy, companies can
also help to support the UN Sustainable Development Goals and
safeguard wildlife, water, land and oceans, all of which are strongly
interrelated.1,10

                                                                          Figure 1. The Carbon Law – halving global greenhouse gas emissions every decade. The estimated
                                                                          2020 emission level is 54 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents.12

                                   4                                                                                      5
PLANETARY
                                                                                           stors and companies make informed                action strengthens a brand, improves
                                                                                           investment decisions on environmen-              customer loyalty and boosts recruit-
                                                                                           tally friendly economic activities18. This       ment – on top of the direct benefits

STEWARDSHIP
                                                                                           is expected to have a major impact on            that reducing emissions brings.22
                                                                                           company behaviour.                               Research shows that CEOs are aware
                                                                                                                                            of the importance of building a social

DRIVING COMPETITIVE                                                                        Customers, employees and governme-
                                                                                           nts are also stepping up requirements
                                                                                           on companies to show full transparen-
                                                                                                                                            enterprise and a 2019 study found that
                                                                                                                                            they regarded their impact on society,
                                                                                                                                            including the environment, as their

ADVANTAGE                                                                                  cy of emissions, targets and results,
                                                                                           and to align strategies and solutions
                                                                                           with strong climate ambition.
                                                                                                                                            most important measure of success.23

                                                                                                                                            Companies and organisations that take
                                                                                                                                            a leading position today will become
                                                                                           Increasingly, companies acknowled-               the cornerstones of the sustainable
It’s looking likely that the 2020s will       ■ The price of climate solutions conti-      ge a responsibility towards society              value chains of tomorrow. In the pro-
see the fastest economic transition             nues to fall rapidly. The best option      as a whole, not just their sharehol-             cess of becoming planetary stewards,
in history as several forces combine            for the climate is now often cheaper       ders.19 Companies that build climate             they can win new business and gain a
to accelerate transformation:                   than other alternatives. Markets           leadership into their core strategies            competitive advantage.
                                                for clean energy systems, transport        seem to be outperforming those that
■ A technological and digital                   solutions, agriculture, buildings,         fail to do so.20,21 A study of 200
  revolution will transform or                  finance and industry are opening           companies in Sweden
  disrupt most existing businesses              up and growing exponentially. This         found an overwhel-
  – from transportation to energy,              brings opportunities for companies         ming consensus
  food and materials.                           that transform their business models       that climate
■ Youth climate movements are                   early to become market leaders.
  demanding political action,
  climate-friendly services and               The finance sector will play an impor-
  products, and that businesses               tant role in this transformation. There
  support a low-carbon future.                are important measures it can take to
                                              enable and accelerate the transition to a
■ Political momentum to                       low-carbon and climate-resilient future.
  achieve the Paris Agreement                 These include stopping the financing
  goals is growing and results                and investing in fossil energy, increa-
  in new laws, regulations and                sing investments in new technology
  adopted emission trading                    and using the power as owners and len-
  systems impacting business.                 ders to influence company behaviours
  Over 1,000 jurisdictions and                and disclosure practices. The Task Force
  local governments covering                  on Climate-Related Financial Disclosu-
  545 million citizens, and                   res16 and the UN-convened Net-Zero
  most recently the European                  Asset Owner Alliance17 are examples of
  Parliament, have announced                  initiatives that will demand increased
  climate emergencies and this                disclosure practices. Specifically, the EU
  number is growing fast.15                   is developing a taxonomy to help inve-

                                          6                                                                                             7
SETTING A FOUR-PILLAR
                                                                                                                Different companies might implement               its business model to be aligned
                                                                                                                different strategies to achieve the opti-         with 1.5°C, while addressing pillars 1,
                                                                                                                mal business and climate impact:                  2 and 4 in parallel.

CLIMATE STRATEGY                                                                                                ■ Established companies with large
                                                                                                                  emissions and a conventional busi-
                                                                                                                  ness model may start from pillar 1
                                                                                                                                                                ■ A disruptive fast-growing company
                                                                                                                                                                  using climate as a business driver
                                                                                                                                                                  may build and accelerate its business
                                                                                                                  and 2 and extend to pillars 3 and 4 in          from pillar 3, while keeping track of
                                                                                                                  a stepwise approach.                            pillars 1, 2 and 4.
                                                                                                                ■ An established company implemen-
This guide focuses on the four pillars                               government policy, helping employees         ting transformational new strategy
that need to be adressed in a company’s                              to shift towards sustainable lifestyles,     may start from pillar 3 by rethinking
climate strategy.                                                    supporting industry initiatives to
                                                                     align with 1.5°C and making sure
The first pillar focuses on a company’s                              that organisations that the company
activities to reduce its own emissions*,                             belongs to do not counteract the
aligned with a 1.5°C pathway.                                        company’s own actions.
                                                                                                                  PILLAR                  PILLAR                    PILLAR                 PILLAR

                                                                                                                  1 234
The second pillar focuses on a compa-                                The pillars should preferably be
ny’s activities to reduce its value chain                            integrated into a company’s iterative
emissions†, with the same goal.                                      planning cycle, starting by measuring
                                                                     and analysing the current situation,
The third pillar addresses the align-                                then setting targets and priorities, and
ment of the company’s portfolio and                                  then moving to implementation. To
value proposition with a 1.5°C ambition                              measure the outcome, take corrective
and acceleration of solutions that drive                             actions and re-evaluate the strategy
down and removes emissions. It means                                 completes a first loop.                      Reduce                  Reduce                   Integrate              Influence
prioritising products and services that                                                                          your own                your value                climate in              climate
significantly help to cut customer                                   The pillars are not strictly ordered in     emissions                 chain                    business               action in
emissions‡ and suppressing solutions                                 terms of timeline and implementation
with an adverse climate impact. It also                              and will vary depending on the                                      emissions                  strategy                society
includes investing in projects outside                               type of business, but there is a logic
a company’s value chain which help                                   to the order. Pillars 1 and 2 are
remove or avoid emissions.                                           requirements that all companies
                                                                     should do their utmost to comply with.
The fourth pillar describes how                                      Pillar 3 represents an opportunity for
to contribute to the 1.5°C ambition                                  companies to fully integrate climate
beyond your own business. This                                       impacts into their business strategy
means, for example, influencing                                      and goes beyond the basic footprint
                                                                     of the company. Last but not least,
* Own emissions is described as scope 1 and 2 emissions in
the Greenhouse Gas Protocol and a well-established area that         pillar 4 complements pillars 1, 2 and
major companies already report on.                                   3 by considering the wider role of a
† Value chain emissions is described as scope 3 emissions
in the Greenhouse Gas Protocol including upstream and                company as a societal actor.
downstream emissions
‡ Avoided emissions is also referred to as “scope 4 emissions”

                                                                 8                                                                                          9
PILLAR                             PILLAR                          PILLAR                                   PILLAR

                     1 2
                  Reduce your
                 own emissions
                                                  Reduce your value
                                                   chain emissions
                                                                                      3 4
                                                                                Integrate climate in
                                                                                 business strategy
                                                                                                                          Influence climate
                                                                                                                           action in society
AND STRATEGY

                                                                                                                                                        AND STRATEGY
 SET TARGET

                                                                                                                                                         SET TARGET
               Target net zero and a first        Target net zero and a first   Integrate positive climate               Influence society and
               halving of emissions in            halving of emissions in       impact in vision and mission,            contribute to the 1.5°C
               less than 10 years                 less than 10 years            value proposition, products,             ambition beyond your own
                                                                                services and R&D roadmaps                business

               Prioritise, plan and reduce        Prioritise, plan and reduce   Shift to circular business               Accelerate climate action
                                                                                models and drive products/               by working with customers,
  IMPLEMENT

                                                                                                                                                          IMPLEMENT
               scope 1 and 2 emissions            scope 3 emissions
                                                                                services which help customers            suppliers, employees,
                                                                                avoid emissions                          industry, local and national
                                                                                                                         government, and key
                                                                                Invest in carbon credit projects,
                                                                                                                         organisations
                                                                                counterbalancing remaining
                                                                                emissions

               Assess and analyse scope           Assess and analyse scope      Measure positive and                     Evaluate the impact of
  MEASURE

                                                                                                                                                          MEASURE
               1 and 2 emissions and              3 emissions and results of    negative climate effects                 your societal influence
               results of reductions and          reductions and disclose       of your solutions portfolio,             and disclose those results
               disclose those results             those results publicly        disclose that information                publicly
               publicly                                                         publicly

                                             10                                                                     11
ASSUME CLIMATE                                                                                            Chambers Climate Coalition 25            During the United Nations Climate
                                                                                                                                                   Action Summit September 2019,

LEADERSHIP – COMMIT                                                                                       2,100 chambers of commerce have
                                                                                                          signed up to the Chambers Climate
                                                                                                                                                   John Denton, ICC secretary general,
                                                                                                                                                   stated that “Our only future is

TO THE 1.5°C AMBITION
                                                                                                          Coalition, an unprecedented              one where we achieve net-zero
                                                                                                          grassroots mobilisation of local         emissions by 2050 and limit global
                                                                                                          business leaders committed to            temperature rises to 1.5°C. Less
                                                                                                          setting climate targets across           ambition is, simply put, not an
                                                                                                          their operations and value chains        option.”
Action begins by making a commitment                            ■ Make an assessment of your current
                                                                                                          aligned with limiting global
as a company to align with the 1.5°C am-                          emissions, carbon risks, and climate
                                                                                                          temperature rise to 1.5°C.
bition and to assign the required resour-                         business opportunities and decide on
ces. This requires climate leadership from                        strategy.
top management. But it is also about                            ■ Start to measure and commit to
democratising climate work, to ensure                             publicly disclosing your company’s
that all employees can contribute, and                            greenhouse gas emissions, climate
identifying and empowering potential                              action and results.
climate leaders across the organisation.
                                                                ■ Start to educate your employees
ACTIONS                                                           about climate change and empower
                                                                  them to drive climate action and
■ Contribute to the 1.5°C ambition by:                            innovation in their daily work.
    » deciding to do your utmost to halve                       ■ Integrate climate remuneration tar-
      emissions across your own business
                                                                  gets for executive management and
      and across your value chain in 10
                                                                  employees. Also consider including
      years or less – by 2030 or earlier.*
                                                                  climate as a priority parameter and
    » deciding to reach net-zero or nega-                         target for your purchasing and R&D
      tive carbon emissions by no later                           department.
      than 2050, preferably much sooner.
                                                                ■ Announce your commitments to the
    » deciding to integrate climate op-                           rest of society.
      portunity and risk in your business
                                                                  » e.g. sign the Business Ambition for
      strategy and management process.
                                                                     1.5°C pledge24:
    » deciding to drive climate action in
                                                                  » set science-based 1.5°C targets.
      your wider role in society.
                                                                  » Chambers of commerce and local
■ Assign responsibility, mandate and
                                                                     business leaders should consider
  resources.
                                                                     committing to the Chambers
  » e.g. create a climate action unit                                Climate Coalition.
    that includes executives from
    across the company, with a direct
    line to the C-suite and board.
* For example, Telia Company has set a goal to be carbon
neutral throughout the value chain by 2030.

                                                           12                                                                                 13
EXPONENTIAL EMISSION
 REDUCTION PATHWAYS
      TO LIMIT GLOBAL
    WARMING TO 1.5°C
              Emissions reduction pathways for different sectors,
        following the Carbon Law. Energy emissions only include
            emissions related to the process of energy production
                     – not energy emissions from other sectors.28
PILLAR 1. REDUCE YOUR                                                                                                  ■ Decide in which order to eliminate emissions and develop a plan
                                                                                                                         on how to reach the targets.

OWN EMISSIONS                                                                                                              » Start immediately with the “low-hanging fruit” which are eco-
                                                                                                                             nomically attractive, bring other co-benefits and create positive
                                                                                                                             momentum in the organisation. Energy efficiency, shifting to

1
                                                                                                                             renewable energy, building space, transportation and business
                                                                                                                             travel emissions are often good candidates.
              To be aligned with a 1.5°C ambi-                       also recommended to include
              tion, the minimum requirement                          emissions from business travel                    ■ Disclose your company’s own carbon emissions, plans to reduce
              is to halve your own emissions                         in pillar 1 even though they are                    them and emissions reductions as part of your public reporting an-
              at least every 10 years. These                         formally part of scope 3, since                     nually. Clearly explain and motivate any slower pace than halving
              emissions are referred to as                           they are directly controlled by                     every decade.*
              scope 1 and 2 emissions of the                         the company. Your own emis-                       ■ Evaluate results, take corrective actions and update your plan on a
              Greenhouse Gas Protocol5. They                         sions may represent a small part                    yearly basis.
              include emissions from in-house                        of your total emissions but can
              sources such as furnaces, vehic-                       normally be reduced more easily
                                                                                                                       * Rapidly growing companies that provide solutions which avoid or remove emissions as their core
              les or leakage from refrigerants,                      since they are under the compa-                   business may contribute most to the climate by keeping emissions at a low level but not halving them.
              and also from purchased electri-                       ny’s direct control.
              city, cooling and heating. It is

                                                                                                                  KEY REDUCTION MEASURES
 ACTIONS                                                                                                          ■ Immediately start implemen-                               ■ Optimise the use of building space
                                                                                                                    ting use of renewable energy,                               in all operations, in order to reduce
 ■ Map out your own greenhouse gas emissions, if you haven’t already                                                fuel and electricity for all                                emissions and costs.
   done so. Make sure you include the main sources of carbon emissions –                                            possible processes, buildings                             ■ Move towards a zero-emissions ve-
   your hot spots – and that your plans include how to mitigate these.                                              and sites.                                                  hicle fleet, including own and leased
 ■ Decide your base year. A base year is the year when reductions start and                                       ■ Consider buying renewable                                   company cars.
   will be used as a comparison to show progress.                                                                   energy through power purcha-                              ■ Require zero-carbon buildings and
     » Set the base year no more than two years back in time.                                                       se agreements and collaborate                               clean grid energy when expanding
     » Historical emissions reductions deserve acknowledgement and can                                              to accelerate adoption.                                     or establishing new businesses in a
       be highlighted*, but they cannot be a part of your next halving.                                           ■ Consider generating your own                                region.
 ■ Set a target within three months of making your commitment and                                                   renewable electricity, if it is not                       ■ Systematically reduce energy,
   decide on the target year.                                                                                       provided by your grid operator.                             resource and material waste in all
     » Your minimum goal should be to halve emissions every ten years, but                                        ■ Improve energy efficiency for                               operations.
       preferably faster. Halving in ten years means a 7% year-on-year reduc-                                       buildings through retrofitting                            ■ Set up a plan to reduce emissions
       tion. Halving in five years will mean 13% emissions reductions and                                           and digital automation.                                     from business travel by shifting to
       halving in three years will mean a 20% annual emissions reduction                                          ■ Demand and implement                                        low-carbon travel (for example a
       rate. Break down your plans into yearly targets and milestones.
                                                                                                                    low-carbon cooling, heating,                                “train first” policy over air travel) and
 * Companies that have significantly reduced emissions historically will benefit from being able to disclose a      ventilation and refrigerants for                            use digital meeting technologies to
 lower and better carbon intensity performance value in benchmarks (total emissions divided by net revenue) but
 should still strive to halve total emissions at least every decade.
                                                                                                                    all building sites you operate in.                          avoid unnecessary travelling.

                                                      16                                                                                                                 17
PILLAR 2. REDUCE YOUR                                                                         ■ Disclose value chain emissions and plans to reduce them as part of your
                                                                                                public reporting annually. Clearly explain and motivate any slower pace

VALUE CHAIN EMISSIONS                                                                           than halving every decade.*
                                                                                              ■ Evaluate results and update your targets if necessary on a yearly basis.

2
                                                                                              * Rapidly growing companies that provide solutions which avoid or remove emissions as their core business
            Value chain emissions include all       sions all the way to raw material ex-     may contribute most to the climate by keeping emissions at a low level but not halving them.

            the emissions “outside the compa-       traction and downstream activities
            ny walls”. They normally represent      including customer final use and
            the largest share of a company’s        end-of-life. The largest emission
            total footprint and must therefore      sources in this category tend to be     KEY REDUCTION MEASURES
            be addressed. As an example,            purchased goods and services
            IKEA’s value chain emissions repre-     and the use of sold products, but       ■ Ask your suppliers to implement                          ■ Consider insetting investments in
            sent 97% of the company’s total         proportions vary between sectors          the pillars in this playbook and/or                        emissions reduction projects within
            emissions and for Max Burgers           and companies.                            additional applicable frameworks                           your supply chain, e.g. related to use
            they represent 99%.                                                               aligned with 1.5°C, such as SBTi                           of material (wood, cement, plastics).
                                                    You should work actively to drive         1.5°C6, and include it in procure-                       ■ Evaluate and improve the energy
            Value chain emissions are emis-         down value chain emissions. This          ment criterias and your supplier                           and resource efficiency of your own
                                                                                              code of conduct.                                           product and service mix. Optimi-
            sions from upstream (e.g. supplier      can be done in many ways – ex-
            activities) and downstream (e.g.        amples include procurement                » This will drive reductions of                            ze them for the use of renewable
            use of sold products) activities        guidelines and supplier code of             upstream emissions from pur-                             energy.
            associated with the operations of       conduct criteria, changes in the            chased goods and services.                                » This will enable a reduction of
            the reporting company, and are          design of products, collaborations      ■ Integrate strong climate criteria at                          downstream emissions from the
            referred to as scope 3 emissions        with suppliers and customers, and         the heart of your R&D, product and                            use of sold products.
            in the Greenhouse Gas Protocol5.        by reassessing your business model        service design processes to im-                          ■ Set up a plan to reduce emissions
            Upstream activities include emis-       and investments.                          prove energy performance of sold                           from business travel if this has not
                                                                                              products, require less material, use                       been handled as part of pillar 1.
                                                                                              recycled materials and low-carbon
                                                                                                                                                       ■ Set up a plan to enable reduction
ACTIONS                                                                                       materials, and build low-carbon
                                                                                                                                                         of commuting travel emissions e.g.
■ Map out the carbon emissions associated with your value chain to understand                 and circular economy solutions for
                                                                                                                                                         through promoting and sponsoring
                                                                                              customers.
  which are the most substantial and start tracking them systematically. Strive                                                                          low-carbon travel to and from work,
  to include all emission categories which exceed 1% of total emissions.                    ■ Include climate measures and                               and enabling employees to work
                                                                                              targets on product use and                                 from local green office hubs, closer
■ Within the first year, set a target for the first halving of absolute value chain
                                                                                              end-of-life to steer your product                          to home.
  emissions.
                                                                                              development.
   » Apply the same baseline year as for your own company’s emissions (scopes                                                                          ■ Evaluate and reduce the footprint of
                                                                                            ■ Evaluate and choose suppliers of                           your financial investments, inclu-
     1 & 2).
                                                                                              materials, transport and products                          ding pension funds, to make sure
   » Your minimum goal to align with 1.5°C should be to halve every ten years                 based on transparency of emission                          they are in line with your 1.5°C com-
     (7% year-on-year reduction), but preferably faster.                                      data and climate strategy, and                             mitment. Shift investments to zero/
   » Break the plan down into yearly targets and milestones.                                  collaborate with other industry                            low-carbon business opportunities
                                                                                              partners to strengthen purchase                            and influence investees to adopt
■ Decide in which order to reduce carbon emissions, based on a ROI analysis,
                                                                                              requirements.                                              1.5°C aligned strategies.
  and develop a plan on how to reach the targets.

                                          18                                                                                                      19
PILLAR 3. INTEGRATE                                                         ACTIONS

CLIMATE INTO YOUR                                                           ■ Assess and analyse if and how your value proposition, solutions port-
                                                                              folio and business model are aligned with a 1.5°C planet trajectory. If
                                                                              not, start transforming them. This is also a way to mitigate climate-re-

BUSINESS STRATEGY                                                             lated risks.16
                                                                            ■ Review and update your vision, mission statement, strategy and pro-

3
                                                                              cesses to reflect your climate commitment. Start transforming your
                                                                              value proposition to one which is service-based and circular, with
    To limit global warming to           to replace carbon-intensive
                                                                              higher efficiency and minimal emissions.
    1.5°C and to ensure the long-        alternatives. You can help shift
    term stability of the climate,       consumer patterns in a sustai-     ■ Move your portfolio towards solutions which help your customers
    value propositions and product       nable direction through vehicle      avoid emissions and scale these solutions exponentially. Phase out
    portfolios which avoid emissions     sharing, circular economies or       those that increase emissions.
    and remove carbon will need to       close-to-home tourism. If your     ■ Integrate your climate strategy in your services and product road-
    scale exponentially. This includes   services and products are influ-     maps and require all new solutions to be compatible with the 1.5°C
    solutions for renewable energy       encing consumer and company          ambition.
    and energy storage, plant-based      decisions – such as social and     ■ Collaborate strategically with key partners to build circular and car-
    sustainable food production, en-     e-commerce platforms, adverti-       bon-free value chains.
    ergy-positive buildings, sharing     sing and management consul-
                                                                            ■ If your services and products are influencing consumer and company
    of vehicles, space and things,       tancy – you can both enable and
                                                                              decisions, such as digital platforms, advertising and management
    zero-carbon materials, and circu-    encourage customers to make
                                                                              consultancy, ensure that your services clearly enable and encourage
    lar usage of materials.              decisions that are positive for
                                                                              your customers to make purchase and investment decisions which
                                         the climate. As a company, you
                                                                              are positive for the climate and in line with the 1.5°C ambition, never
    Many industries must be fun-         will want to be on the forefront
                                                                              against.
    damentally redesigned to be          of this change to safeguard your
    decarbonised in line with a 1.5°C    competitive advantage. This        ■ Consider making qualitative and quantitative assessments of your
    pathway. Business models will        may require transforming your        solutions’ climate impact, and setting measurable goals. This can be
    need to change from ownership        business model.                      done for example using the Mission Innovation 1.5°C Avoided Emis-
    towards usership, from pro-                                               sions Framework.9
    duct-based towards service-ba-       Map out the net-zero future of     ■ Consider accounting for a price on carbon to make climate an integral
    sed and from linear to circular      your company. Define what it         part of your investment procedures.
    business models – most often         would look like and what needs
    enabled by digital technologies.     to be achieved in order for your
                                         company to get there. Find busi-
    Your business proposition is         ness opportunities by exploring
    the biggest determining factor       new offerings, business models
    to your contribution to a 1.5°C      and addressing climate-consci-
    planet. For example, you can         ous customer groups. Identify
    create new fossil-free materials,    business practices that need to
    renewable energy solutions,          be phased out to reduce adverse
    use electric vehicles and more       climate impacts.

                              20                                                                                21
INVEST IN CARBON CREDIT PROJECTS REMOVING
CARBON FROM THE ATMOSPHERE                                                                                     PILLAR 4. INFLUENCE
In parallel to halving emissions by 2030
on a global scale, natural carbon sinks,
                                                                   Investing in carbon credit projects is a
                                                                   solution which you should only use as       CLIMATE ACTION IN SOCIETY

                                                                                                               4
such as forests and wetlands, must                                 a complement to deep decarbonisa-
be protected and restored to safegu-                               tion and should not be a substitute for                         Becoming a societal climate                                    include proposing or demanding
ard the climate. It is important that                              reducing emissions and creating new                             leader means using your compa-                                 policy changes that support rapid
business sectors causing the emissions                             solutions to reduce global heating. To                          ny network and wider sphere of                                 economic transition and behaviou-
today take responsibility to accelerate                            ensure impact, it is important to care-                         influence to support and accelerate                            ral change, contributing to climate
the required investments. Therefore,                               fully decide from where carbon credit                           climate action in line with the 1.5°C                          awareness among customers, and
emissions that cannot be immedia-                                  should be purchased. We recommend                               ambition. This can be done by influ-                           developing solutions and sharing
tely removed* should preferably be                                 using third-party certified carbon credit                       encing and working with customers                              best practices with your industry
counterbalanced through investment                                 projects, such as those under the Gold                          and suppliers, employees, indu-                                and community. It also includes ac-
in high-quality projects which remove                              Standard scheme26. These projects                               stry, government, cities, research                             tivities related to investments and
carbon from the atmosphere, or alter-                              should be aligned with the Sustainable                          organisations and NGOs beyond                                  financial routines and membership
natively, avoid emissions.                                         Development Goals and meet high                                 your own business interests. It could                          of different industry organisations.
                                                                   standards.
* Examples of such hard-to-abate emissions can be those in-
volved in the manufacture of steel and cement, which cannot
immediately be eliminated.
                                                                                                                ACTIONS
                                                                                                               ■ Develop and invest in sectoral industry   ticipate in national and international
                                                                                                                 roadmaps and define and drive the         events which demonstrate concrete
                                                                                                                 required strategies and actions for       solutions to help scale best-practice
     ACTIONS                                                                                                     halving emissions and reaching net        solutions.
                                                                                                                 zero, in collaboration with customers, ■ Influence local and national policyma-
     ■ Determine the remaining emis-                               ■ Disclose carbon credit projects se-         suppliers and other partners.*            kers to step up climate action and
       sions from your company and                                   parately in your annual reporting.        ■ Collaborate with suppliers and custo-     policies in line with a 1.5°C ambition.
       value chain which cannot be                                 ■ Follow up on those projects to              mers to enable innovative technolo-       Advocate for regulatory bodies to
       immediately removed.                                          ensure that they are delivering in          gies and sustainable transformation       promote industry-wide action.
                                                                                                                 of value chains, including sharing of   ■ Educate your board and management
     ■ Purchase carbon credits at least                              accordance with their promises.
                                                                                                                 methodologies and competences.            regularly on climate and the SDGs and
       equivalent to these emissions,                              ■ If you are applying concepts
       financing high-quality, third-party                                                                     ■ Integrate a 1.5°C climate commitment      your company’s positive and negative
                                                                     like carbon neutral, or climate             in overall public affairs and corporate   contributions.
       certified projects which remove                               positive, be sure to follow solid           policies, including those related to    ■ Help your employees and owners start
       carbon from the atmosphere, or                                recommendations and standards.              finance and financial investments.        halving their own emissions and shift
       alternatively projects that avoid                             Be transparent, specific and do
       emissions. To ensure climate                                                                            ■ Join and contribute in business/trade     towards 1.5°C lifestyles†, e.g. through
                                                                     not give the impression that the            organisations which are committed to      sharing educational materials, and
       impact, it’s good practice to                                 organisation has gone further               a 1.5°C ambition, avoid those that are    climate calculation tools.
       over-invest, perhaps doubling                                 than it has.                                counteracting those ambitions. Par-
       your calculations, to take uncerta-
       inties into consideration.                                                                              * One example is the fossil-free roadmaps developed by                 † One example is ”100 smart ways to live sustaina-
                                                                                                               industries in Sweden: http://fossilfritt-sverige.se/in-english/        bly” developed by Sitra: https://www.sitra.fi/en/pro-
                                                                                                               roadmaps-for-fossil-free-competitiveness/                              jects/100-smart-ways-to-live-sustainably/

                                                              22                                                                                                                 23
REPORT ON PROGRESS                                                                                 ABOUT THIS PLAYBOOK
                                                                                                   This playbook is a spin-off from the                        leading company examples and pro-
An integral part of all pillars is the           Make your customers, suppliers, employ-           Exponential Roadmap project, aimed                          curement guidelines. The playbook
disclosure of carbon emissions, targets,         ees and investors, as well as other               specifically at scaling climate action                      will evolve over time, based on user
activities and achievements. It will be          stakeholders, aware of your efforts and           in the business sector.27 The purpose                       feedback, new scientific findings and
required by all stakeholders; customers,         progress through proactive, well-groun-           of the playbook is to help achieve a                        upcoming standards. Companies
investors, employees, media and                  ded, honest and balanced communica-               critical mass of companies aligned                          and organisations are welcome to
financial analysts – and it will help you        tion. It can strengthen your brand and it         with a 1.5°C pathway. It has been de-                       support the playbook publicly by
to position your company as a serious            is an effective way to influence others to        veloped by experts from a number                            working towards the principles of
climate leader.                                  accelerate climate action.                        of contributing and supporting orga-                        the playbook, using it and promo-
                                                                                                   nisations during 2019 (see below).                          ting it. The project was initiated and
                                                                                                   It is developed as an open-source                           led by Johan Falk, co-founder of the
                                                                                                   solution and intended to be used                            Exponential Roadmap project, and
   BASIC PRINCIPLES                                     emissions, carbon capture and              by other projects, e.g. linking to                          supported financially by Vinnova in
                                                        storage, and carbon sequestra-             recommended tools and resources,                            Sweden.
   ■ Integrate reporting of greenhouse                  tion when applicable.
     gas emissions and reductions, set
     targets in your annual reporting            ■   Report on avoided emissions
     and provide updates in your                     solutions, carbon credit projects
     quarterly reports aligning with the             and societal influence activities,
                                                     applying best available standards
     principles for financial reporting.
                                                     and methods.                             REFERENCES
     » Follow format standards to
       make data comparable and                  ■   Consider the opportunity to get          1.   IPCC. Summary for Policymakers. In Global                   8.   The world’s most influential companies commit-
       easily accessible to external data            your 1.5°C targets approved by                Warming of 1.5°C. An IPCC Special Report on the                  ted to renewable power. http://there100.org
                                                     the SBTi6 and consider reporting              impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-in-            9.   Mission Innovation Avoided Emissions Fra-
       services.                                                                                   dustrial levels and related global greenhouse gas                mework: https://www.misolutionframework.net/
                                                     carbon emissions and progress to              emission pathways, in the context of strengthe-
   ■ Apply the Greenhouse Gas Proto-                 the CDP7.                                     ning the global response to the threat of climate
                                                                                                                                                                    Framework_Documents
     col standards5 and ensure that the                                                            change, sustainable development, and efforts to             10. Sustainable Development Goals. https://sustaina-
     data is consistent, complete and            ■   Consider the opportunity to disclo-           eradicate poverty. Geneva, Switzerland: World                   bledevelopment.un.org/?menu=1300

     preferably audited by a third party.            se climate risks and opportunities            Meteorological Organization, IPCC (2018).                   11. Lenton et al., Climate Tipping Points. To risky to
                                                                                                                                                                   bet against. https://www.nature.com/articles/
                                                     in accordance with the TCFD16            2.   J. Rockström et al., A roadmap for rapid decarboni-
   ■ Include scopes 1, 2 and 3 in your               recommendations in your annual                sation. Science 355.6331, 1269-1271 (2017).                     d41586-019-03595-0
     reporting and strive to include at                                                       3.   Burke et al., Large potential in economic damages           12. J. Falk, O. Gaffney, et al. Exponential Roadmap.
                                                     reporting.                                    under UN mitigation targets. https://www.nature.                (2019). www.exponentialroadmap.org
     least 95% of the total emissions.
                                                 ■   Communicate your targets, stra-               com/articles/s41586-018-0071-9.epdf                         13. P. Hawken, Drawdown: The Most Comprehensive
     » Be clear on which scope 3                     tegies and results transparently,        4.   Business Ambition for 1.5°C. https://www.unglo-                 Plan Ever Proposed to Reverse Global Warming.
       categories you report on and                                                                balcompact.org/take-action/events/climate-ac-                   Penguin Books, New York (2017).
                                                     both internally and externally. Also          tion-summit-2019/business-ambition                          14. A. Grubler et al., A low energy demand scenario
       be sure to include the most                   include ongoing discussions on           5.   The Greenhouse Gas Protocol: https://ghgproto-                  for meeting the 1.5 °C target and sustainable
       material ones.                                necessary steps and changes in                                                                                development goals without negative emission
                                                                                                   col.org
                                                                                                                                                                   technologies. Nature Energy 3, 515–527 (2018).
     » Make separate reporting of                    sustainability reporting.                6.   Science Based Targets initiative: https://scienceba-
                                                                                                                                                               15. Climate Emergency Declaration. https://climate-
       scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions,                                                                 sedtargets.org
                                                                                                                                                                   emergencydeclaration.org
       and specify land-use change                                                            7.   Carbon Disclosure Project: https://www.cdp.net/
                                                                                                   en

                                            24                                                                                                            25
16. Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosu-            24. Business Ambition for 1.5°C Pledge. https://www.
                                                                                                                            AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
    res (TCFD). https://www.fsb-tcfd.org                             unglobalcompact.org/docs/publications/Busi-
                                                                     ness-Ambition-for-1.5C-Pledge.pdf
17. UN-convened Net-Zero Asset Owner Alliance:
    https://www.unepfi.org/net-zero-alliance/                    25. The Chambers climate coalition. https://iccwbo.
                                                                                                                            CONCEPT AND LEAD AUTHOR                           DESIGN
                                                                     org/media-wall/news-speeches/chambers-com-             Johan Falk, Exponential Roadmap project, Senior   The New Division by Trollbäck
18. EU taxonomy for sustainable activities. https://
    ec.europa.eu/info/publications/sustainable-finan-                merce-step-bold-climate-action/                        Innovation Fellow, Stockholm Resilience Centre    Jerker Lokrantz/Azote
    ce-teg-taxonomy_en                                           26. Gold Standard. https://www.goldstandard.org
19. Shareholder value is no longer everything. https://          27. Exponential Roadmap Project. www.exponential-          CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS AND                          LAYOUT
    www.nytimes.com/2019/08/19/business/busi-                        roadmap.org
    ness-roundtable-ceos-corporations.html
                                                                                                                            REVIEWERS                                         Jerker Lokrantz/Azote
                                                                 28. Diagram from www.exponentialroadmap.org:
20. Carbon Disclosure Project. CDP S&P 500 Climate                   Sectoral emission reduction pathways (through
                                                                                                                            Pernilla Bergmark, Ericsson (contributing
    Change Report 2014. https://www.issuelab.                        avoiding emissions and sequestering greenhouse         author)                                           EDITOR
    org/resource/climate-action-and-profitabili-                     gases) for halving global emissions every decade       Owen Gaffney, Potsdam Institute for Climate       Duncan Geere
    ty-cdp-s-p-500-climate-change-report-2014.html                   from 2020–2050 (Carbon Law). The pathways on           Impact Research, Stockholm Resilience Centre
                                                                     the positive y-axis indicate emissions avoidance       (contributing author)
21. Business Ethics. Study Finds Sustainable Compa-
                                                                     whereas on the negative y-axis they indicate           Göran Erselius, 2050 Consulting (contributing
                                                                                                                                                                              CONTRIBUTING AND SUPPORTING
    nies ‘Significantly Outperform’ Financially. https://
    business-ethics.com/2011/11/14/1503-stu-                         ramping up natural sinks for greenhouse gas            author)                                           ORGANISATIONS AND PROJECTS
    dy-finds-sustainable-companies-significantly-out-                sequestration. According to this scenario, net-zero    Jannike Hising, 2050 Consulting (contributing     World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)
    perform-financially/ (2011)                                      greenhouse gas emissions is achieved in 2039,          author)
                                                                     and after that, greenhouse gas sequestration                                                             Ericsson
22. Haga Initiative. Business for active climate respon-                                                                    Avit K. Bhowmik, Karlstad University              Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
                                                                     is greater than emissions. Note that the energy
    sibility. Climate Action Profitable. A study on 200              sector’s emissions address only emissions related
                                                                                                                            (contributing author)                             (PIK)
    companies profitability and their climate efforts.               to the process of energy production (energy supp-      Stefan Henningsson, Nordea Group, previously      Internet of Planet
    https://www.hagainitiativet.se/files/Reports/cli-                ly) and do not include electricity- and heat-related   WWF (contributing author)                         Exponential Roadmap
    mateactionprofitable.pdf (2017)                                  emissions in buildings, industry and the transport     Johan Widheden, WWF (contributing author)         Haga Initiative
23. Deloitte Insights. Leading the social enterprise:                sector. In the food sector, solutions draw down        Anthony Pearce, WWF                               2050 Consulting
    Reinvent with a human focus. 2019 Deloitte Glo-                  emissions from 5.6 Gt in 2020 to 5.0 Gt (planetary     Emelie Öhlander, Ericsson                         The New Division
    bal Human Capital Trends. https://www2.deloitte.                 boundary for food) in 2050.                            Mats Pellbäck Scharp, Ericsson                    Mission 2020
    com/content/dam/Deloitte/us/Documents/                                                                                  Louise Rehbinder, Ericsson                        International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
    human-capital/us-human-capital-leading-the-so-                                                                          Mark Griffiths, WWF
    cial-enterprise-reinvent-with-a-human-focus.PDF                                                                                                                           World Business Council for Sustainable
                                                                                                                            Johanna Myrman, WWF                               Development (WBCSD)
                                                                                                                            Nina Ekelund, Haga Initiative                     IKEA
                                                                                                                            Magnus Jiborn, Lund University                    Max Burgers
                                                                                                                            Carl-Henrik Josephson, Inter IKEA group           Fossil Free Sweden Initiative
                                                                                                                            Dennis Pamlin, RISE                               The Finnish Future Fund (Sitra)
                                                                                                                            Majda Dabaghi, ICC                                Skanska
                                                                                                                            McKenzie Wilson, Mission 2020                     Telia Company
                                                                                                                            Janne Peljo, Sitra Future Fund                    Project Everyone
                                                                                                                            Nick Gaskell, Engaged Tracking                    Scania
                                                                                                                            Jakob Trollbäck, The New Division                 Normative
                                                                                                                            Alberto Carrillo Pineda, SBTi/CDP                 Engaged Tracking
                                                                                                                            Markus Robèrt, CERO                               Cero
                                                                                                                            María Mendiluce, WBCSD                            KTH Royal Institute of Technology
                                                                                                                            Erwan Saouter, WBCSD                              Climate Leadership Coalition
                                                                                                                            Cecilia Lindén, GoClimateNeutral.org              Climate Hero
                                                                                                                            Kaj Török, Max Burgers                            GoClimateNeutral.org
                                                                                                                            Robert Sabelström, Climate Hero                   Breakit
                                                                                                                            Kristian Rönn, Normative                          We Don’t HaveTime
                                                                                                                            Christian Patay, Tricorona
                                                                                                                            Peter Sandahl, Nordea Life & Pension
                                                                                                                            Nexhi Halimi, Microsoft                           FUNDING SUPPORT
                                                                                                                            Mattias Höjer, KTH                                Vinnova
                                                                                                                            Kalle Nilver, GoClimateNeutral.org

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